Superstring dark matter

Physics Reports, 1990

Prologue 3 7.1. Energy loss and energy transfer in the Sun; first 12. 1 he stellar energy loss argument 4 constraints 60 1.3. Other methods of stellar particle physics 8 7.2. Results from a germanium spectrometer 62 2. Axion phenomenology 10 7.3. A magnetic conversion experiment 62 2.1. Generic features of the Peeeei-Quinn mechanism 10 7.4. Radiative particle decays and solar-y-rays 63 2.2. The most common axion models 15 8. Red giants and horizontal branch stars 63 2.3. Fine points of axion properties (7 8.1. The general agenda 64 3. Axion cosmology 22 8.2. The evolution of low-mass stars 65 3.1. Inflationary scenario 23 8.3. Suppression of the helium flash by particle emission 68 3.2. Topological structures 24 8.4. Reduction of the helium burning phase 71 3.3. Thermally produced axions 26 8.5. Core mass at the helium flash 74 3.4. Decaying axions and a glow of the night sky 26 9. The white dwarf luminosity function 77 3.5. Experimental search for galactic axions 27 9.1. White dwarfs: theoretical and observed properties 77 4. Emission rates from stellar plasmas 28 9.2. Cooling theory for white dwarfs 79 4.1. General discussion of the emission rates 28 9.3. Neutrino losses included 81 4.2. Absorption rates 29 9.4. Axion bounds 81 4.3. Many-body effects in stellar plasmas 30 10. Cooling of nascent and young neutron stars 82 4.4. Compton process 39 10.1. Birth and cooling of neutron stars 82 4.5. Electron-positron annihilation 41 10.2. Supernova explosions and new particle physics 87 4.6. Bremsstrahlung by electrons 42 1(1.3. SN 1987A bounds on novel cooling phenomena 89 4.7. Axio-recombination and the axio-electric effect 44 10.4. Non-detection of new particles from SN 1987A 93 4.8. Bremsstrahlung by nucleons 45 10.5. SN 1987A axion bounds from numerical investiga-4.9. Primakoff effect and axion-photon mixing 49 tions 93 4.10. Plasmon decay rate 54 10.6. Axion trapping 97 .5. Energy transfer 55 10.7. Axion bounds from Einstein observations 97 5.1. Radiative transfer by massive bosons 56 10.8. What if neutron stars are strange quark stars? 98 5.2. Opacity contribution of massive pseudoscalars 56 11. Summary of axion and neutrino hounds 98 6. Exotic energy loss of low-mass stars; analytic treatment 57 11.1. Neutrinos 98 6.1. The equations of stellar structure 57 11.2. Axions 100 6.2. Homologous changes 58 References 104

Nuclear Physics B, 1987