Poverty in Poland, 1978-88

2012

The permanently positive economic growth in Poland over the last twenty years has resulted in a significant improvement in the ec onomic situation of households. The distribution of this increase in wealth was not, ho wever, homogenous, and the pattern of income growth proved to be a crucial factor determi ning the situation of the poor. The aim of the paper is to investigate to what extent the c aracteristics of the households influence the income growth pattern. Three main groups of hou seholds will be considered: the selfemployed and blueand white-collar workers. The an alysis is based on the relative concept of changes in income distribution. Besides the comm nly known income growth curves, diagrams related to the Zenga inequality index will be applied.

Journal of Family and Economic Issues, 2005

The economic changes that began with the fall of communism in 1989 have helped Poland to establish one of the strongest economies in Eastern Europe today. Not all parts of society have benefited equally from the positive economic picture however. Those who are unemployed, living on a pension, single parents, or residents of rural communities are at risk of living in poverty in Poland's new economic environment. This paper assesses the views of people in these four groups in terms of their perceived need for basic necessities (money for food, rent, and medicine) and for luxury activities (culture, relaxation, and education). The findings have implications for social welfare policies and services in Poland.

Nierówności Społeczne a Wzrost Gospodarczy, 2022

The article presents the results of research on poverty and social exclusion carried out in the framework of the project "TAP-Together Against Poverty", co-funded by the Erasmus+ Programme of the European Union. The main aim of the research was to learn the specifics of poverty and social exclusion in six European countries, particularly in the field of economic and social area of these phenomenons. The information was collected by an in-depth interview questionnaire with survey elements for the analysis of poverty and social exclusion among 90 people being at risk of poverty and social exclusion or affected by these threats. The results allowed to confirm the thesis about the difference between countries and the possibility of grouping them according to the degree of risk of poverty and social exclusion.

The World Bank Economic Review, 1991

Review of Income and Wealth, 2006

This study examines the robustness of poverty measures for Poland in the 1990s to employed methods. At least two definitions or techniques of estimation are applied to each of the following components of poverty measures: (1) household well-being; (2) poverty line; (3) equivalence scales; and (4) poverty index. Furthermore, groups at risk of poverty are selected by means of decomposition of the poverty incidence and by estimation of the probit model. Relatively robust conclusions can be reached for trends in absolute poverty incidence, which show an inverted U-shape with rapidly increasing poverty rates in 1993-1995 and declining rates since, but with continued increases in relative poverty. Some robust correlates of high poverty (low education, unemployment, rural residence, large number of children) are also found. Note: This study was sponsored by the Polish State Committee for Scientific Research (KBN). I am grateful to Irena Topiń ska and the anonymous referee for their comments and suggestions on earlier drafts of this paper. All remaining errors are my own.

All opinions and conclusions included in this publication constitute the authors' views and do not necessarily reflect the official position of the Ministry of Labour and Social Policy. This report was prepared as part of the project Analysis of the labour market processes and social integration in Poland in the context of economic policy carried out by the Human Resources Development Centre, co-financed by the European Social Fund and initiated by the Department of Economic Analyses and Forecasts at the Ministry of Labour and Social Policy.

Ekonomia i Prawo, 2017

Motivation: The study of poverty is extremely important because of the negative impact it can have on the economy. Improving the situation of people at risk of poverty or social exclusion is one of the most important objectives of the social policy both in Poland and in the European Union. The aim is consistent with such official Polish documents as: Strategy for the Development of Human Capital 2020 National Development Strategy 2020. Aim: The aim of the article is to assess the risk of poverty and social exclusion in Poland in the period 2006-2015, and to compare the degree of risk of poverty in Poland and other European Union countries. Results: The study shows that the risk of poverty in Poland decreased in the analyzed period. In comparison to the EU countries, Poland made the greatest progress in reducing the risk of poverty. Dynamics of changes in reducing the risk of poverty in Poland was the highest among the EU countries. The scale of the risk of poverty in Poland in 2006 was one of the highest (with a higher risk noted only in Latvia). The situation in Po

2018

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Entrepreneurial Business and Economics Review, 2015

In this study, to evaluate poverty risk in these dimensions, there were used estimated values of the poverty risk function for each household in an integrated, relative and fuzzy approach. This feature has been calibrated to reflect the overall results of the assessment of poverty in the classical approach using relative and subjective methods of determining the poverty line. Findings: The research found that there were differences in poverty risk both within national communities and the studied countries. Such two-way diversity of impoverishment was observed primarily in the classification of households due to the demographic composition of the household. Implications & Recommendations: There is a need for a broader study of diversity i.a. the structure of poverty, its level, dynamics and factors determining it in both countries. This wide research project may help to answer the question of changes in the evolution of poverty in Slovakia after its accession to the Eurozone, which is extremely important in the context of the Polish accession to the zone. Contribution & Value Added: The originality of the work is manifested primarily in a comparative study of poverty risk for communities of the two countries: Poland and Slovakia, which allowed observing differences in the risk in a crosscountry system. Article type: research paper

2020

The North-Eastern Borderlands of the Republic of Poland in the interwar period were the most economically and socially backward area, often called ‘Poland B’. It was primarily a rural region that significantly shaped the social and economic landscape of the area. The purpose of the article was to define and evaluate individual elements of the socio-economic backwardness of the rural areas in the North-Eastern Borderlands of the Second Republic of Poland. With the exception that the concept of socio-economic backwardness will be considered as an antonym of the concept of socio-economic development. Unlike the latter, which has a positive dimension and is included in the context of progress, the concept of backwardness is a determinant of reference to the category of backwardness, outdatedness, non-modernity and anachronism. In the case of the concept of backwardness, by analogy with the concept of development, the social aspect is a complementary feature of the economic approach, and...

Eastern European Countryside, 2015

Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu, 2019

Monitoring income and property inequalities is important for preparing development policies. The aim of this paper was to assess the living conditions of Polish commercial farmers. The sample was chosen with the use of a layer/random selection procedure and consisted of 600 farms participating in the Farm Accountancy Data Network. The analyses revealed that the farmers find themselves moderately affluent compared to other villagers, and self-evaluated affluence goes in line with average income per farm. Less than half of commercial farmers make their living exclusively from farming, and the poorest ones mention at least three income sources. Most of the farmers evaluate their housing conditions as good or very good. Only 25% of commercial farmers have access to communal sewage systems, but 17% use home sewage treatment plants. They have relatively easy access (in terms of travel) to important institutions (school, doctor, commune office, extension service).

Baltic Region, 2013