Postcolonial Literature

Study Guide No. EAGF/20
EA Gamini Fonseka - Critical Reading of Drama: The Bear by Anton Chekhov 82 pp.
ABSTRACT
This publication of Critical Reading of Drama: The Bear by Anton Chekhov has been designed in such a way, that the readers can read the script of the play and carry out the comprehension and compositional exercises that follow it, making use of the analytical essays that contain respectively: 1) a detailed synopsis of the play; 2) a study of the characters and the conflicts among them;  3) an analysis of the structure and the style; and 4) an assessment of the general vision and achievements. These essays are meant to help the readers in being consistent in their perception of the play. This design facilitates the readers in maintaining independence while dealing with the play. First, the readers read the introduction and develop their own approach to drama analysis covering the features which require special attention. Then they may study the essays together with the play. Once they have developed a clear perception of the play they can carry out the comprehension and critical exercises independently. These exercises help them penetrate into the semantic, semiotic, syntactic, and pragmatic aspects of the language of the play, the understanding of which helps them develop a fund of critical abilities as students of literature. Thus the book aims at serving the readers in a variety of ways in their pursuit of play scripts for academic purposes as well as for intellectual recreation.
E.A. Gamini Fonseka BA (Kelaniya), MA (Edinburgh), PhD (Vaasa)
Professor of English
Head – Department of English & Linguistics
University of Ruhuna
Wellamadama
MATARA
(Sri Lanka)

27. 02. 2017
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Available at
SMART INTERNATIONAL, Janaka kumara Mawatha, Amunudowa, BANDARAWELA 90100 (Sri Lanka) Tel: 057-2051932 / 057-2222916smartinternational2013@gmail.com

“The silencing of pro-Palestinian or anti-genocide voices is the reason why this genocide is still going on after 10 months.”
Ghassan Abu-Sittah, Rector of the University of Glasgow, 1 August 2024

In 1986, on British television, an advertisement was screened for the Guardian newspaper which featured a young skinhead man who appears to be snatching a businessman’s briefcase from his hands in what looks like a street mugging. The evidence looks clear: there is a violent hooligan trying to rob a respectable man in broad daylight. But then the camera widens to show viewers that the young man is in fact trying to pull the businessman away from bricks falling from overhead scaffolding, rescuing him from a painful accident or quite possibly death. The voiceover, in the typical upper-class “BBC World Service” accent of that era, says: “An event seen from one point of view gives one impression. Seen from another point of view, it gives quite a different impression. But it’s only when you get the whole picture, you can fully understand what is going on.”

This report assesses seven leading Western think tanks for content and coverage on Israel and Palestine for eight months between October 7, 2023, and June 6, 2024, based on the principles captured in this advertisement. To understand an event and process, it is essential to look at it from different points of view and provide wider context. If you fail to do this, you are providing a partial picture and potentially misleading your audience. Scholars and activists have long pointed to the biases in Western media in the context of Israel and Palestine. However, think tanks are rarely scrutinised despite the fact they target parliamentarians, policymakers, the media, and political leaders – and are therefore also important to analyse. 

I assessed the flow of ideas, people, and money in the Brookings Institution, the Heritage Foundation, the Council on Foreign Relations (CFR), the Cato Institute, the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS), the European Council on Foreign Relations (ECFR), and the Royal Institute of International Affairs (also known as Chatham House). The main questions guiding my research were:

1. How are these think tanks placed within the Western political landscape?
2. Who staffs them and what circles do they move in?
3. What viewpoints do they generally express regarding Israel and Palestine, and what viewpoints did they promote for eight months from October 7, 2023, to June 6, 2024?
4. Are they “independent thinkers” offering a range of different viewpoints as regards Israel and Palestine or are they operating as “hegemony factories” supporting and bolstering the foreign policies of the governments in which they operate?
https://www.securityincontext.com/posts/hegemony-factories-or-independent-thinkers

The relationship between ethics and literature has always been a contested one. I firstly discuss this relationship, arguing that literature is not ethical  per se , which is the reason why it can serve ethical purposes. Secondly, I state, in line with Martha Nussbaum, why any ethical thinking today has to refer to global ethics. Drawing from this, I present three recent novels, all of which deal with fundamental twentieth century atrocities:  Burnt Shadows  by Kamila Shamsie,  The French Art of War  by Alexis Jenni and  The Walnut Mansion  by Miljenko Jergovic. They pose philosophical and ethical questions about war, violence and the great ruptures of civilisation. They are a component of world literature in the sense that the plot, and the ethical reflection triggered by this, is not related to a single nation state, but to the global situation. The authors make use of a historical profile encompassing a period of 60 to 100 years of narrated time. In this way, they can make a conn...

This essay reads Pride, Prejudice and Postcolonial Zombies as akin to the project of what postcolonial critics have come to call “writing back”,
meaning texts typically produced by the colonized that take as their subject the revision of a colonial canonical text. This essay examines
how Pride and Prejudice and Zombies brings into reconsideration Austen’s portrayal of women’s situations in Regency England and also how it brings to light what is left out of Pride and Prejudice about the colonial world surrounding the novel’s isolated country setting. The voices and situations of both women and the colonized, the disempowered in Austen’s world, are thus brought into the foreground in Pride and Prejudice and Zombies.

I have benefited from many institutions at various stages of research and writing. I would like to thank the Department of Asian Languages and Cultures for their support over the past eight years. I want to thank Ashlee Wolfe, Wendy Burr, and Kathryn Beeman, in particular, for pointing me to the right resources during the various stages of my graduate career. I owe a special debt of gratitude to the Nam Center for Korean Studies. Nojin Kwak, David Chung, Do-Hee Morsman, Adrienne Janney, and Jiyoung Lee provided me not only with generous financial support, but also a strong sense of close-knit community that made me feel right at home. I want to thank each and every one of them for their enthusiasm and support over the years. For sustaining me through the long journey of graduate school I would like to express my thanks to fellow students

En este ensayo se examina el agudo contrapunteo en Concierto para sordos de Matías Montes-Huidobro, porque como el título indica se trata de un texto polifónico. Por medio de un protagonista-narrador muerto, el autor cubanoamericano revisa el pasado en yuxtaposición al presente de la historia cubana. Se analiza cómo el humor carnavalesco, la parodia y la sátira intevienen en el material novelesco para darle un toque final al proceso de la escritura, a veces apoyada por el habla y, en otras ocasiones, en función de la audición del lenguaje.

The article follows The Tempest’s nexus of ocean and emotion for new ways of understanding its place in an expanding, early colonial world. Interconnecting early modern scholarship on oceans, emotion, and race, the article juxtaposes The Tempest’s privileging of white attachments and oceanic suffering with the fates of globally displaced African and indigenous persons summoned through Sycorax and Caliban. It also argues that the play renders salient a westward and potentially deadly route of travel for Prospero by partially aligning his journey with Magellan’s and Drake’s desired circumnavigations – their crossings of the Mare Pacifico, the ‘peaceful ocean,’ such as teased by Prospero’s pleas for “gentle breath” in the Epilogue. Suggesting that The Tempest’s geographical-cum-affective multi-referentiality reflects shifting notions of globality and precarious sea-travel in an early colonial world, the article opens up The Tempest to new global perspectives whilst contributing to diversifying early modern scholarship’s own oceanic and affective coordinates.

Naguib Mahfouz's Children of the Alley (1959) has been extensively studied, often as a critique of religion. However, this analysis argues that its enduring relevance lies in its exploration of power, oppression, and intellectual resistance-issues that remain urgent in contemporary discourse. Rather than reinforcing colonial binaries of self/other, Mahfouz exposes how such divisions sustain hierarchies of gender, race, and class. This study offers a fresh perspective by examining Gabal as a prototypical organic intellectual (as defined by Antonio Gramsci) who challenges these structures. By applying postcolonial theory, particularly Gramsci's concept of organic intellectuals and Edward Said's analysis of power, this research uncovers overlooked tensions within resistance movements, including class and gender conflicts. Ultimately, the study advances debates on intellectual resistance by arguing that solidarity with all marginalized groups-not just one's own-can serve as the foundation for radical intellectual engagement.

intensively transmits cultural products from one nationality to another; it is a mimicking arena that incessantly appropriates narratives of Western Culture, particularly from Hollywood. Hence its nick-name that contains the transcultural move back and forth between and Bombay/Mumbai, all the while retaining the ambivalent space positioned betwixt and between, and the unsteady cultural boundaries derived from the postcolonial situation. This paper examines the manner in which this transcultural move takes place within the discourse of gender; namely, how the mimicking strategy forms a body and provides it with an ambiguous sexual identity. My discussion focuses on the film Yaraana (David Dhawan, 1995) – a Bollywood adaptation of Sleeping with the Enemy (Joseph Ruben, 1989). The Hollywood story of a woman who flees a violent husband exists in the Bollywood version, but takes on a minor role compared to its narrative focus: an (insinuated) gay man turning heterosexual and choosing one...

https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-031-80908-8

The Death of the Author and Anticolonial Thought  is an episodic study of the way global literatures have engaged with, critiqued, and even adopted the lessons and limitations of the poststructuralist critique of that most fetishised and also reviled of figures: the author. The book aims to account for the response of decolonial thinkers to the legacy of the death of the author postulate and related poststructuralist declarations. Beginning with near-contemporary responses to post-structuralist claims about the author’s death or absence from the text, several authors subtly critiqued this postulate including, notably, Palestinian scholar Edward Said and Martinican poet and thinker Édouard Glissant. From the emergence and intensification of such responses to the postulate of the author’s deathly absence from the text, this book then moves to explore a series of case studies in postcolonial writing and writing from Indigenous writers in settler colonies that respond to the legacy of this postulate up to and including recent novels and poetry.

https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-031-80908-8

Мәдениет пен тіл ерте замандардан бері өзара үздіксіз қарым-қатынаста дамып келеді. Адамның тұрмысындағы, салты мен дәстүріндегі барша мәдени құндылықтар үнемі тілінен көрініс беріп отырды. Өмірлік білімінің негізінде қалыптасқан озық ой үлгілері, ұшталып, қырланған ұғым-түсінігінің барлығы белгілі бір дыбыстық тұлғалармен, яғни сөздермен таңбаланды. Тілдік құралдардың халық мәдениеті дамыған сайын

Las muchachas laboristas Son las trabajadoras que hicieron el movimiento nacional "desde abajo", en el marco de la militancia femenina de la época: desde las antifascistas hasta las primeras descamisadas, y las mujeres indómitas frente al poder peronista. En especial, las que actuaron en el Partido Laborista, con las banderas del 17 de octubre (lo que no implicó una ciega subordinación).

This article examines some of the highlights, limitations, and contradictions of Rushdie’s authorial personas that have been perpetuated and challenged by his critics and the mass media. I argue that Joseph Anton, published in 2012, exhibits evidence of Rushdie’s attempt at authorial self-fashioning, and therefore the memoir represents an important part of his effort to shape the public narrative about him. Joseph Anton highlights Rushdie’s exilic persona through direct comparisons to figures like Voltaire and Galileo, and attempts to privilege this position above his other authorial selves. This authorial self has deep roots in a narrative fashioned by Rushdie that has been abetted by some of his critics and the media since the fatwa. My essay critiques this emphasis, suggesting that Rushdie’s self-fashioning is out of step with his twenty-first-century political ideals and affiliations. Ultimately, the third-person “distancing” of the memoir helps to highlight what it seeks to mit...

The question of colonialism has been a deteriorating phenomenon in African history. Frantz Fanon conceived colonialism as a form of domination with the goal redefining the reality of the world of indigenous ("native") peoples, which he considered possible through the means of violence. His conception of colonialism is that which with no doubt is embedded in vices and nothing more irrespective of the claims of the colonial masters that they aim at civilizing the people of Africa. Exploitation, extortion, economic stagnancy, regression, and many more vices were all recorded as effects of colonialism. It involves the domination of a set of people in their society by different people known as settlers from another society, promoting class distinction and dehumanization. In a bid to evaluate its effect and impact both on the dominated society and the settlers' society (nation), Fanon also enters into the discussion as he criticizes the idea of colonialism from his perspective, thereby accentuating possible solutions. This work thereby exposes Fanon’s critique of colonialism, and its’ possible effects if and when followed as proposed by the colonial masters. Using Conceptual and critical analysis, this paper argues that Fanon’s revolutionary model must be reassessed, as contemporary struggles for liberation demand more than armed resistance considering the shift in realities.

I CIELLI  Colóquio  Internacional de Estudos linguísticos e Literários  e  IV CIELLI - Colóquio de Estudos linguísticos e Literários / Universidade Estadual de Maringá – UEM Maringá - PR, 9, 10 e 11 de junho de 2010 – ANAIS - ISSN 2177-6350
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s historical novel That Deadman Dance (first published in 2010) is a challenging read, offering a complex portrayal of cross-cultural contact on the so-called 'Friendly Frontier' of the southern coast of Western Australia in the early to mid-nineteenth century. Not only is the novel confronting in its subject matter, it is also what Derek Attridge might describe as 'serious literature' (The Singularity of Literature 35-44), in the sense that it is both innovative and singular: it jumps around chronologically, shifts narrative perspectives, and moves between different states of consciousness. In this way, at least aesthetically, we might call it an archetypal postcolonial novel (see Carter, 'After Postcolonialism').

Wang Hui was born in 1959 in Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China, into a family of a mid-level cadre and a teacher. Growing up during the Cultural Revolution in "socialist China," he read many 'red' classics, including Marx, Lenin, and Mao, as well as 19 th and 20 th century European and Russian writers, helping form his emotional attachments to the working class and peasants. Entering Yangzhou University in 1978 following the Cultural Revolution, Wang's generation was the first exposed to Western ideas challenging the standard curriculum of a socialist

An unforgettable woman, a woman of dignity, a woman of dedication, a woman of devotion, a woman of diplomacy, a woman of disc ipline, in total, a woman of distinction. She is one of them who felt the importance of female education in the society.A legendary figure for her efforts in support of women‟s independence and female education. Her courage and devotion were to expand woman education in the society especially in the Bengali Muslim society. She was strong believer that if education is imparted properly, it would enlighten women and liberate their selves from the barriers of rigid patriarchal and sexist norms. Here great name was and is Rokeya Sakhawat Hossain. She broke the shackles of caste and religion and came out with a strong will to be educated and educate woman. In an era when women‟s education was frowned upon, she stood to raise for the empowerment of woman that all can be seen in her works. This study is to see the contribution of Rokeya Sakhawat Hossain in English l...

In “‘If Only it Were Possible.’ Time in Uncle Vanya’s Timeless Legacy,” I relate my experience directing Anton Chekhov’s Uncle Vanya, using a practice-as-research approach. Focusing on the theme of time, I underscore art’s visionary moment, for in performance “Everything happens in a fleeting moment, capturing an instant of possibility .”  I explore how in this 2023 version the past is literally enacted through stills and video projections of scenes from the 1898 Moscow Art Theatre staging of Uncle Vanya, while the present of the mise-en-scéne is grounded in a playful and nostalgic act of mirroring Stanislavski’s production. Alongside past and present, the future is there in Chekhov’s message about protecting the nature environment.  Thus, Astrov’s direct address to the audience becomes “a gift: the sharing of accumulated wisdom with the generations to come.”  Ultimately, this essay examines Uncle Vanya also from the point-of-view of a personal quest, “a leap into the unknown, an encounter with someone else’s world, which nevertheless [. . .] makes you look back into yourself.”

This article contextualizes and provides authoritative bibliographical information on the English language translations of Gao Xingjian. It also provides valuable biographical information that will help readers new to Gao's work to understand the importance of his art.

Identity is significant issue in the world. Pakistani-American Muslim women faced the problems of identity because they got different treatment in the society. This study reveals how do Pakistani-American Muslim women negotiate their identity and the result of negotiation? This research was done under descriptive qualitative research. The data of the research are the words, phrases, and sentences from diasporic literature entitled Saffron Dreams by Shaila Abdullah that published in 2009.  To analyze the data, this study used postcolonial theory based on Bhabha’s hybridity and Tomey’s identity negotiation concept. Based on the research, it is found that Pakistan American Muslim women negotiate their identity by mindful negotiation namely adapting American culture and shaping hybrid identity. They change their fashion style by putting off their veils. They replace Arabic name into American style to hide their religious identity. In building the house they American building with Arabia...

Tutta l'opera di Pier Paolo Pasolini (almeno a partire dal 1958 e fino alla sua morte) è costellata di riferimenti all'Africa, agli africani e alla loro diaspora. Solo per citare alcuni esempi, ricordiamo: i film La rabbia (1963 ), Appunti per un 'Orestiade ajì-icana (1970), Il.fiore delle Mille e una notte (1974), ma anche Salò o le 120 giornate di Sodoma (1975), in cui compare l'icona della "serva negra"; progetti per il cinema, come Il padre selvaggio (1975) e Appunti per un poe ma sul Terzo Mondo ( 1968, postumo); decine di poesie; scritti critici di varia natura, come La Resistenza negra (1961 ); articoli e resocon ti di viaggio che svelano la memoria coloniale italiana (La grazia degli Eritrei del 1968 e altri, in parte postumi); fino a icone estreme di subalternità, quali le schiave in vendita al mercato di Khartoum che incontriamo nel postumo romanzo-fiume Petrolio. In Pasolini, l'interesse per l'Africa e il "mito africano" sgorgano dal suo primario e fondante amore per il mondo contadino e dia lettale friulano; essi vanno pertanto letti alla luce di un più ampio approccio panmeridionalista, sul quale, in questa sede, ci soff erme remo solo brevemente 1 • Nonostante i moltissimi riferimenti all'Africa presenti nell'opera e sebbene il poeta vi ci sia recato una dozzina di volte 2 , per la più * 2 Dr Giovanna Trento ha portato a termine questo saggio nell'ambito della sua affiliazione alla School ofLiterature, Languages & Media della Universit)• of Witwatersrand (Johannesburg, Sudafrica) in qualità di Research Associate. Per approfondimenti rimando a: G. Trento, Pasolini e l'Africa, l'Ajì-ica di Pasolini. Panmeridionalismo e rappresentazioni dell 'Ajì-ica postcoloniale, Mimesis, Milano-Udine 2010. Durante un nostro incontro a Bologna nel 2009, lo scrittore Nico Naldini, cugino e biografo del poeta, mi riferì che Pasolini non fu mai davvero soddi sfatto dai suoi viaggi africani e che l'Africa restò per lui essenzialmente un

The Nigerian Civil has provided writers with fecund source materials for creative writing that has witnessed great output. The writings are male dominated and focus largely on the causes of the war and the experiences and exploits of the writers. The activities and contributions of women are not recognized but whenever mentioned they usually carry the vision of weak, pitiable, vulnerable people who are best used as objects of titillation to ease tension in the heat of the conflict. In response, women writers have risen to challenge male dominance in recollecting history. Destination Biafra by Buchi Emecheta and Half of a Yellow Sun by Ngozi Adichie are examined in this study, using the feminist theory. It stresses that apart from re-telling the war story with the woman as a focal point, the authors empower their female characters. Female characters are also portrayed as strong, formidable, and industrious people who display great talents at fostering the home. It affirms that women’...

In diesem Beitrag wird das Bild Europas und der Europäischen
Union in zeitgenössischer Lyrik aus der Ukraine und Belarus ana
lysiert. Der Fokus liegt auf zwei längeren Gedichten der ukrai
nischen Lyrikerin Halyna Kruk und der belarusischen Lyrikerin
Julia Cimafiejeva, die 2014 beziehungsweise 2020 geschrieben
wurden, sowie auf weiteren Prosa-Texten und Gedichten aus der
Ukraine und Belarus, darunter einem Gedicht des ukrainischen
Dichters Ostap Slyvyns′kyi. Durch die Anwendung des aus den
Postkolonialen Studien stammenden Begriffs des „postcolonial re
sentment“ wird die Spannung zwischen der für die ukrainische
bzw. belarusische Kultur üblichen Neigung zu Europa und der
traditionellen Gleichgültigkeit des politischen Europas den beiden
Ländern gegenüber herausgestellt. Die Dualität des Europabilds
in der ukrainischen und belarusischen kulturellen Tradition seit
dem 19. Jahrhundert, die Debatte über die Anwendbarkeit von
Konzepten der Postcolonial Studies auf die Erforschung der ukrai
nischen bzw. belarusischen Kultur sowie die Rolle der Literatur
und der Lyrik insbesondere als Medium des politischen Diskurses
im Osten Europas sind wichtige Bestandteile des theoretischen
Rahmens dieses Artikels.

book reviews mn 113 on Umm Kulthum. Lohman revises several predominant narratives about the legendary Egyptian singer, particularly when she contends that the later part of Umm Kulthum's career was not a period of decline. Most importantly, Lohman deconstructs the singer's hagiographic posthumous reception, critiquing the cultural discourses and political agendas that underlie such reception. She reveals, for example, that most authors have neglected to mention Umm Kulthum's support for Palestinian liberation. Yet her analysis-that this erasure helped to make the singer a more palatable figure internationally-is buried in an endnote. The book could also be improved with a somewhat stronger conclusion, the removal of a few redundant passages, and further discussion of music's relationship to politics. Lohman nonetheless raises valuable questions about legendary artists and the construction of their public personas. She encourages the reader to think critically about cultural icons and the discourses or agendas underlying their reception and representation. Throughout her investigation, Lohman remains culturally sensitive and provides thorough documentation for her arguments. She also strikes a fine balance between evaluating representations of Umm Kulthum and highlighting the singer's artistic agency. This book is essential reading for anyone interested in gender and auto/biography in the Middle East, music and politics, and Egyptian and Arab culture following the 1967 War.

African American political thought is deeply rooted in African spirituality, which has always been an important means of documenting the history of enslaved Africans in America through different types of music. This spirituality, that pervades all aspects of African American life, originally draws its traditions from African culture. But it has been transformed to serve political thinking and nationalistic strategies for African American
leaders during and after enslavement. African spirituality has been a powerful asset which has allowed African Americans to deal with their experiences as free and unfree people.

This chapter reflects upon translating Fatema Mernissi’s previously unpublished co-authored film script, The Lionesses, French to English. It proposes to think about translating through what is absent (pre-translation, here Arabic and Amazigh languages), through untranslatables, through translation pauses and through the politics of reception.

The relationship between the Soviet Union and the African continent has increasingly attracted the attention of historians and literary critics alike, with Angola, in particular, often being featured as a fruitful case-study. Nevertheless, much remains to be explored with respect to the study of translation’s activity within these parameters. With José Luandino Vieira as our case-study, this chapter seeks to determine the ways in which Maksim Gorky’s work influenced, through processes of translation, transmission, and adaptation, a critical moment in the emergence of an Angolan national literary culture. Through comparative analyses between source and target texts, and drawing on extant scholarship of translation and ideology, this paper analyses the ‘degrees of mediation’ between Gorky’s work and its instrumentalisation by the 1950s generation of Angolan authors, and Luandino Vieira specifically.

All rights reserved. Except for the quotation ofshort passages for the purposes ofcriticism and review, no part ofthis book may be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system now known or to be invented, without written permission of the publisher.

This article delves into Abdulrazak Gurnah's "Admiring Silence," employing Homi K. Bhabha's hybridity theory to scrutinize the construction of the postcolonial self. By unpacking Gurnah's use of silences around memories of colonial violence and experiences of displacement, the article contends that the author challenges conventional notions of identity and belonging, revealing the fragmented nature of the postcolonial subject. Crucially, in the contemporary globalized world, Gurnah's exploration gains significance. The narrative's emphasis on cultural hybridity becomes a vital lens through which to understand the complexities of identity in our interconnected world. Characters, navigating liminality, emerge as proactive agents forging new forms of identity in response to the challenges of globalization. Drawing on Bhabha's "third space," the article illustrates how Gurnah's characters occupy liminal spaces between colonizer and colonized cultures, offering a powerful commentary on transcending historical boundaries. This analysis deepens our understanding of postcolonial subjectivity and timely explores how individuals navigate identities in a globally interconnected world.

Em O Alegre Canto da , o recurso a imagens míticas para tentar explicar o processo de construção da nação é frequente. Aqui, as representações femininas estereotipadas usadas pela autora deixam evidente a perspectiva necessariamente subjetiva quando se trata da construção da nação moçambicana. Para começar, faremos uma reflexão sobre a construção da nação moçambicana a partir do olhar do colonizador. Em seguida, abordaremos a questão da perpetuação da herança colonialista. Para conduzir a nossa análise, usaremos os conceitos trazidos por Hooks (2015), Macedo e Amaral (2005), Davis (2016), Barbosa e Secco ( ), e Oyewumi (1997). A nossa análise nos permitirá entender como a autora procura desconstruir as imagens tradicionalmente associadas ao processo de construção da identidade nacional apropriando-se da voz do passado colonial, para nos trazer um olhar renovado, usando uma perspectiva feminina e descolonial.

This study is titled ‘THE ROLE OF CONSTITUTIONALISM IN PROMOTING DEMOCRACY IN UGANDA: A CASE OF UGANDA’S PARLIAMENT’. The study was guided by three (03) research objectives namely; to analyze concepts of constitutionalism and democracy in Uganda; to establish how far Uganda’s parliament has progressed in promoting constitutionalism and achieving democracy; and to suggest measures for the achievement of constitutional democracy in Uganda. The study followed a qualitative research approach, where desktop review of the available written literature was undertaken to achieve the stated objectives. The study found that the observance of democratic principles in governance is a reflection of society’s progression from a backward and primitive society to a civilized and modern society. This study concluded that in many instances, parliament has enacted laws that seem to erode the principles of constitutional democracy, such as those which unduly curtail freedom of expression, assembly and association, those which facilitate removal of age limits and terms limits to favour the current political leadership, adopting laws that violate individual human rights such as the right to equal treatment before and under the law, regardless of one’s sexual orientation, among others. In recommendation, the public should be sensitized to protect the constitution, as provided for under Article 3 because no measure of the law can effectively cause the change of a corrupt political system without a corresponding force from an empowered populace applying every legal means within its power to reclaim back its constitutional power to enjoy constitutionalism, social-economic transformation, rule of law and democracy.

This is the detailed class schedule of my twelve upcoming classes for cracking Jamia's M.A. English Entrance Exam 2025. In this new batch, I will be teaching an introductory course on Postcolonialism, Feminism, Poststructuralism, Indian Writing in English, Translation Studies, and Postmodernism. You can check out the specific texts, dates, and times with respect to these classes in this document. Classes are conducted live in the online mode via Google Meet.

-To register for my classes, here is the link for the registration form: https://forms.gle/SbE5DHp1qbmFS7RcA

- Here’s the link for the payment window to confirm your slot: https://forms.gle/QicL9XeQgZzJHiqg7

Due to the environmental crisis plaguing the world, the following paper investigates the manner in which Chinua Achebe represents man's relationship with nature in his texts. The study sets out to examine the Nigerian author's vision of the interconnectedness between man, nature and the deities in his trilogy Things Fall Apart, No Longer at Ease and Arrow of God. It attempts to provide an answer to the following question: how does Chinua Achebe portray the contact between man, nature and the deities? The work is based on the premise that Chinua Achebe depicts the link between these three elements as an entity that cannot be split since one item has a great bearing on the others. Second Wave Ecocriticism as outlined by Lawrence Buell is used to bring out the supernatural dimension of Achebe's ecological vision.
Key words: Environment, Fiction, Ecocriticism, Chinua Achebe, Degradation, Protection,
Vision, Deities, Supernatural, Interconnectedness

Through the historical novel, Eggers' 'What is the What First', I argue that the enduring hardships faced by displaced individuals persist throughout their journey from their homeland to a host nation. The Sudanese Second Civil War compels Deng and his community to flee because of the perilous conflict between the Sudanese army and rebel forces. Their vulnerability forces them to seek refuge in foreign countries. Yet, from the onset of their journey to their arrival in the host country, refugees encounter unwelcoming conditions in camps, enduring mental trauma, mistreatment, and harsh weather. Even upon reaching their destination, new challenges emerge, including legal, cultural, and emotional hurdles. This enduring suffering is a universal experience. Excessive sovereignty exercised by nation-states in a state of exception further oppresses refugees, compelling them to remain invisible for survival. Finally, I argue that these problems must be addressed by creating an unshakable framework that combines the ideas of universal right to political space with the ethics of unconditional hospitality. In pursuit of establishing the foundation for this framework, the application and practice of Arendt's rights to have right, Kant's conditional hospitality, Levinas' ethics of encountering the face, Derrida's concept of unconditional hospitality, and the principles of a just city are recommended. To improve the lives of refugees and alleviate their suffering, national and international governmental and non-governmental organizations must play a role based on the principles of unconditional hospitality.

This study examines The Corpse Washer (2013), a novel by acclaimed Iraqi writer Sinan Antoon, who portrays the altered spatiality of postwar Baghdad following the 2003 US invasion and subsequent sectarian conflicts. While critical discussions on the novel have focused mainly on themes of war trauma, violence, and identity, this study adopts a different perspective by exploring the characters' polysensorial engagement with their environment, which leads to a reimagining of postwar Baghdad. Employing Bertrand Westphal's geocriticism, particularly his concept of polysensoriality, this study analyzes how the altered urban landscape impacts the characters' perceived and lived experiences. It also examines how the characters interact with their environment beyond the visual, engaging auditory, olfactory, and tactile dimensions to mitigate alienation and re-establish a sense of belonging to the city. The findings reveal that The Corpse Washer not only highlights the destructive impact of the Iraq War on Baghdad's spatial configuration but also attests to the resilience of its inhabitants, who reconstruct their relationship with the city through polysensorial engagement. The significance of this study lies in its contribution to discussions on postwar urban spatiality in Antoon's novel in particular and contemporary Iraqi fiction in general, as it argues for the centrality of connecting with urban landscapes polysensorially as a means of reimagining and negotiating individuals' sense of belonging to the city. Future research may expand on this approach by examining other postwar literary narratives to further explore how war-altered cities are represented and experienced.

This paper explores the importance of the Evil Forest in Things Fall Apart and its implications for contemporary environmental conservation, arguing that indigenous knowledge systems can contribute to climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies.