Positive Psychology

Öz COVID-19, teknolojik ilerlemeleri hızlandırarak iş yaşamı ve eğitimde yeni öncelikler ortaya çıkarmıştır. Bu süreçte teknolojinin günlük yaşama entegrasyonu hız kazanırken, bireylerin teknoloji kullanımına adaptasyon süreci, aynı zamanda psikolojik dinamiklerde de önemli değişimlere yol açmıştır. Pandemi, bireylerin psikolojisiyle toplumsal yapıyı etkileyerek eğitim anlayışında değişikliklere yol açmaktadır. Ebeveynler, çocuklarının eğitimine daha fazla katılım göstererek "yeni dijital bir ebeveyn" rolü üstlenmişlerdir. Bu bağlamda araştırmanın amacı, ebeveynlerin dijital ebeveynlik tutumlarının aile içi iletişim ve velinin eğitime katılımı üzerindeki etkilerinin araştırılmasıdır. Araştırma kapsamında, "Aile Değerlendirme Ölçeği İletişim Boyutu", "Veli Katılım Ölçeği" ve "Dijital Ebeveynlik Öz Yeterlilik Ölçeği" kullanılmıştır. Anket, İstanbul'da yaşayan ilkokul, ortaokul ve lise düzeyinde eğitim gören çocuğu olan 401 ebeveynden çevrimiçi anket yöntemiyle toplanmıştır. Çalışmada dijital ebeveynliğin, aile içi iletişim ve velinin eğitime katılımı üzerine etkisi Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli ile analiz edilmiştir. Dijitalleşme süreçlerinin artmasıyla ebeveynlerin çocukların gelişimindeki rolü ve aile iletişiminin önemi artmaktadır. Bu kavramların birlikte ele alınması ve ilgili kamu kurum ve kuruluşları tarafından tedbirlerin oluşturulması çocukların gelişimini destekleyici role sahip olacaktır.

Abstract
COVID-19 has accelerated technological advances and created new priorities in business
and education. In this process, while the integration of technology into daily life has accelerated,
the adaptation process of individuals to technology use has also led to significant changes in
psychological dynamics. The pandemic affects the psychology of individuals and the social
structure, leading to changes in the understanding of education. Parents have taken on the
role of a “new digital parent” by showing more participation in their children’s education. In
this context, the aim of the research is to investigate the effects of parents’ digital parenting
attitudes on family communication and parental participation in education. Within the scope
of the research, “Family Evaluating Scale Communication Dimension”, “Parent Involvement
Scale” and “Digital Parenting Self-Efficacy Scale” were used. The survey was collected from 401
parents of children studying at primary, secondary and high school levels in Istanbul through
an online survey method. In the study, the effect of digital parenting on family communication
and parental participation in education was analyzed with Structural Equation Model. With
the increase in digitalization processes, the role of parents in the development of children and
the importance of family communication are increasing. Addressing these concepts together
and creating measures by relevant public institutions and organizations will have a supportive
role in the development of children.
Key Words: Digital parenting, family communication and parent involvement in education

This article describes the development of a measure of dispositional authenticity and tests whether authenticity is related to well-being, as predicted by several counseling psychology perspectives. Scales were designed to measure a tripartite conception of authenticity, comprising self-alienation, authentic living, and accepting external influence, which was supported with exploratory factor analysis. Multigroup confirmatory factor analysis showed that the factor loadings were invariant across sample, ethnicity, and gender. The scale showed substantial discriminant validity from the Big Five personality traits, nonsignificant correlations with social desirability, and 2-and 4-week test-retest correlations ranging from r ϭ .78 to .91. Each subscale was strongly related to self-esteem and aspects of both subjective and psychological well-being. This article provides the first direct test of several theoretical models that view authenticity as integral to well-being.

Background and Objectives: Stress is a ubiquitous aspect of modern life that affects both mental and physical health. Clinical care settings can be particularly stressful for both patients and providers. Kindness and compassion are buffers for the negative effects of stress, likely through strengthening positive interpersonal connection. In previous laboratory-based studies, simply watching kindness media uplifts (elevates) viewers, increases altruism, and promotes connection to others. The objective of the present study is to examine whether kindness media can affect viewers in a real-world, pediatric healthcare setting.Methods: Parents and staff in a pediatric dental clinic were studied. Study days were randomized for viewers to watch either original kindness media or the standard televised children’s programming that the clinic shows. Participants scored self-rated pre-media emotions in a survey, watched either media type for 8 min, and then completed the survey. All participants...

The pursuit of happiness is an age-old human quest; so is the axiom of “know thyself ”. This book proposal explores the link between these two ancient ideas, relevant even in modern times. Using the backdrop of my personal quest for happiness in combination with findings from various scientific disciplines, I argue that our happiness, at least in part, is under our control, and that self-awareness can be an empowering tool in finding lasting happiness. There are three parts to this book proposal: Part I reviews the scientific literature on wellbeing and explores answers to the question: What makes us happy? Part II presents a new definition of selfawareness along with challenges associated with knowing our selves, and also offers ways to become more selfaware. Part III provides specific suggestions for people to use their self-awareness to enhance their well-being. The objective of the proposed book is to inspire people to take charge of their happiness by taking charge of themselve...

В статті представлені результати дослідження трансформації поглядів на навчання математичних методів фізики у педагогічних університетах з позицій поліпарадигмальної методологічної системи координат, починаючи з середини 50-х років минулого століття. Результати дослідження представлені у вигляді відповідної періодизації еволюції дидактичних підходів від формально-логічного до компетентнісног

This paper presents a framework for choosing between 4-and 6-point response options for use with online surveys. Using data that have both 4-and 6-point Likert-type items, we compare correlations, fit of factor analytic models, and several different reliability estimates as a way of identifying if there is empirical support for choosing a response option with more categories. Results indicate that the instrument had slightly better psychometric properties with a 4-point response option, although the estimates for both response options were acceptable. From a statistical perspective, there was no rationale to switch to a 6point response option when a 4-point response option was already in place.

Professional associations have a mandate to protect and regulate those members deemed qualified to provide mental health services to the public.  This is accomplished through supervision and policing of practitioners’ conduct, informed by an understanding of the application of ethics. Yet, in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, many hurdles preclude the development and maintenance of professional organizations, such as a lack of understanding of the range of services available within psychology, little professional oversight and no legal mandate for it, as well as a disinterest in professionalizing the field.  Yet, by adopting a positive psychology framework, the current view from a focus on wrongdoing to a more positive approach that encourages psychologists to reach a state of professional excellence, can be accomplished via the notion of positive supervision, positive ethics, and virtuousness as an organizational trait. We explore multiple ways for how this can be accom...

Since positive psychology originated in 1998 as an organized stream of inquiry in the United States, it has inspired new theory and research on human flourishing across the world. The current systematic review presents an overview of (a) the prevalence of scientific research in positive psychology across five continents and 63 countries, (b) the characteristics of the research, including methodology and topics, and (c) the influence of positive psychology in expanding established lines of research in new ways. Through an analysis of 863 peer-reviewed positive psychology articles, this review attempts to map the international landscape of positive psychology research. Further, it responds to relevant critiques of the field, confirming some and dispelling others. Finally, recommendations are shared for future directions to build a more culturally responsive field of positive psychology that is committed to the advancement of flourishing and wellbeing in the global context.

The volume of empirical research on positive psychology topics has grown substantially over the past two decades. This review examines how constructs in positive psychology have been operationalized, measured, validated, cited, and applied to build the science. Based on an archive of 972 empirical articles linked to positive psychology, this review found that 762 articles used at least one measurement scale; 312 measures were created or adapted. Findings reveal a wide range of scales being used to measure a variety of constructs, including scales on both life-enhancing and life-depleting constructs. Key characteristics such as journals, constructs, and scale development and validation information are discussed. There are some reliability analyses and validations occurring within the field, but the creation of new measures far outpaces the validation of existing measures. Weaknesses such as multiple operationalizations may be rooted in inadequate discourse and synthesis. We call for further cross-pollination for a more scientifically robust scholarship in positive psychology.

Since the original call by Seligman and Csikszentmihalyi (2000) for a new science of happiness, excellence, and optimal human functioning, there has been considerable momentum in the research in positive psychology (see Donaldson, Dollwet, & Rao, 2014). A systematic review of the literature explicitly linked to the positive psychology movement assessed the extent of authorship, empirical and theoretical publications, and engagement of local samples in the indigenous research emerging from the Middle Eastern and North African region. An in-depth review of these articles (n = 53) was conducted to examine the trends in publication, author locations, sample locations, topics, research approaches and findings from exemplary articles that attend to key issues. Highlights from cross-national comparisons, cross-cultural validations and replications, research on positive constructs, and research on issues particular to the Middle East and North Africa are reviewed. Finally, unique trends of ...

Many people do not seek mental health support due to self-stigma; however, music can assist people in seeking support. Therefore, the present study explored how attending a focused music listening event might promote self-compassion and mindfulness and, in turn, how experiencing these might promote mental health help-seeking intentions. This case study focused on the Indigo Project's Listen Up event, in which participants engage with a curated music playlist (drawing on soundtrack, ambient and experimental music) along with oral guidance provided by a psychologist. After attending Listen Up, participants (N = 270, 85.90% female, M age = 37.05) completed an online survey, including their attendance motivations and standardised measures of mindfulness, selfcompassion, self-stigma of help-seeking, and help-seeking intentions. A subset of 18 participants were subsequently interviewed about their experience. Results indicated that attendees experienced feelings of mindfulness and self-compassion, processed challenging emotions during the event, and were prompted to practice self-care and connect with others following the event. Additionally, participants experiencing mindfulness during the event buffered the relationship between selfstigma of help-seeking and future help-seeking intentions. Study findings have implications for our understanding of the ways that music and mindfulness can be used in practices to promote mental health and well-being. Keywords focused music listening, self-stigma of help-seeking, self-compassion, mindfulness, strong experiences in music (SEM), mental health help-seeking Estimates suggest that less than half of Australians who report experiencing some form of mental illness received treatment for their difficulties (Whiteford et al., 2014). Though there are several reasons why someone may not choose to seek mental health support when they

The discourse regarding offender rehabilitation has been criticized by various scholars who have claimed that reducing negative causes and managing risk will not automatically prompt positive human development and elements that are associated with desistance. Positive criminology is an innovative concept that challenges the common preoccupation with negative elements, by placing emphasis on human encounters and forces of inclusion that are experienced positively by target individuals and that can promote crime desistance. However, as the concept is relatively new, there are still no guiding principles for the practice of positive criminology that could direct research and the criminal justice system. This article attempts to fill that gap by providing principles that could be practiced by criminal justice personnel and examples of different interventions that reflect positive criminology. The article also provides ideological explanations for adopting the concept of positive crimino...

 How people think about their bodies has become a big issue in modern society, affecting many parts of their health and relationships with others. However, not much research has been conducted on the link between how people feel about their bodies and how well they are adjusting to marriage. This is especially true when it comes to how these feelings affect the marriages of teachers, counsellors, and other non-teaching staff who work in public secondary schools in Anambra State, Nigeria. This study examines the relationship between body image perceptions and marital adjustment levels among married persons in public secondary schools in Anambra State. Employing a correlational research design, the study addresses three research questions to assess the extent and direction of the relationship between these variables. A sample of 1280 married persons was selected from a population of 4887 through multi-stage sampling. Data were gathered using the two research instruments adapted for the study. Data were analyzed using SPSS, with percentages summarizing the data and the Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient assessing relationships. The results indicated that 57.4% of participants had a healthy body image perception, while 42.6% had a low perception. Additionally, 93.2% reported good marital adjustment, while 6.8% were maladjusted. A very low positive correlation was found between body image perceptions and marital adjustment. This study recommends that school management invests in professional development for counsellors, focusing on contemporary issues related to body image, self-esteem, and marital counselling to enhance support for staff members.

Ольга Кузьменко Кіровоградська льотна академія Національного авіаційного університету, Україна Кузьменко О.С. ВИВЧЕННЯ СИМЕТРІЇ У ПРОЦЕСІ НАВЧАННЯ З КВАНТОВОЇ МЕХАНІКИ У ВИЩИХ НАВЧАЛЬНИХ ЗАКЛАДАХ Постановка проблеми. Головним напрямком реформування фізичної освіти у вищих навчальних закладах є посилення її методологічної спрямованості. Тому виникає потреба, щоб фізика, як наука сприймалась суб`єктом навчання не як перелік відкриттів чи наявність формул, а відповідно формувала наукове мислення у процесі пізнання навколишнього світу. Рівень сформованості знань в студентів із загального курсу фізики у вищих навчальних закладах визначається засвоєнням фундаментальних фізичних понять, законів, теорії та принципів. Особливо актуальними є питання, що пов´язані з теорією симетрії в сучасних фізичних теоріях, заснованих на об´єднанні фундаментальних взаємодій. Найголовнішою метою фізики є дослідження фундаментальних частинок матерії та з'ясування законів їх руху та взаємодії разом з дослідженням простору і часу. Рівень сформованості знань в студентів з фізики визначається засвоєнням фундаментальних фізичних понять, законів, теорії та принципів. На нашу думку варто сформувати в студентів у процесі навчання з загального курсу фізики цілісне уявлення про дану науку, відповідно на основі вивчення фундаментальних понять симетрії та принципів симетрії. Аналіз актуальних досліджень. Поняття симетрії розглядали в роботах B.С. Готта, Ф.М. Землянського, світоглядні питання в контексті теорії симетрії розглянуті Р.М. Ганієвим [2], проблемі симетрії у фізиці присвячені роботи Дж. Еліота, П. Добера [4], О.С. Компанієць висвітлив проблему симетрії в мікро-та макро-світі, В.В. Мултановського, який розглядає симетрію у класичній механіці [7], Е. Вігнер відзначав в своїх роботах найважливіші проблеми філософського і природничонаукового характеру, пов'язані з симетрією [1], М.І. Садовий [9] розглядав симетрії елементарних частинок, М. Сенешаль та Дж. Флек розглядали симетрію повороту,

Numerous studies document that societal happiness is correlated with individualism, but the nature of this phenomenon remains understudied. In the current paper, we address this gap and test the reasoning that individualism correlates with societal happiness because the most common measure of societal happiness (i.e., country-level aggregates of personal life satisfaction) is individualism-themed. With the data collected from 13,009 participants across fifty countries, we compare associations of four types of happiness (out of which three are more collectivism-themed than personal life satisfaction) with two different measures of individualism. We replicated previous findings by demonstrating that societal happiness measured as country-level aggregate of personal life satisfaction is correlated with individualism. Importantly though, we also found that the country-level aggregates of the collectivism-themed measures of happiness do not tend to be significantly correlated with indivi...

Developments in positive psychology paved the way for shifting the focus from the weaknesses and deficits to the individuals’ strengths and resources. These developments gave impetus to the research exploring the predictors of the mental well-being of students. The role of psychological capital in students’ mental well-being is an expansion of Luthans and associates’ research in an organisational setting. The present study focused on PsyCap as a resource that can impact the mental well-being of students.  The current investigation’s primary aim was to examine the predictive relationship of Psychological Capital with undergraduate students’ mental health. For this purpose, 400 participants (200 males and 200 females) were randomly selected from Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India. Out of 400 participants, 321 completed the questionnaires, and 79 participants who did not meet the questionnaires were not included in the study. A cross-sectional, exploratory study survey method wa...

Objectives: This study examined whether changes in optimism in older adulthood are associated with subsequent health and wellbeing outcomes. Method: Longitudinal data are from the Health and Retirement Study, a nationally representative sample of U.S. older adults (N = 12,998, 2006/2008 to 2014/2016 waves). To evaluate changes in optimism, we examined optimism assessed in 2010/2012 and adjusted for optimism assessed 4 years earlier in 2006/2008 in regression models, which, under the specified statistical models, is equivalent to assessing changes in optimism during the 4-year interval. We examined 35 outcomes assessed in 2014/2016, including: indicators of physical health, health behaviors, psychological distress, psychological wellbeing, and social factors. Results: Increases in optimism (e.g. from the lowest to highest quartile) were favorably associated with several physical health outcomes such as a reduced risk of mortality (relative risk [RR] = 0.76; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.62, 0.94) and better self-rated health, but were not associated with specific disease outcomes (e.g. diabetes, stroke) or health behaviors. Increased optimism was also inversely associated with all psychological distress indicators and positively associated with multiple aspects of psychosocial wellbeing. Conclusion: An optimistic mindset may be desirable in its own right. Increased optimism may also enhance health and wellbeing among older adults.

This study contributes to our understanding of positive adult development by examining resilience processes in adulthood. Resilience is often considered to be an individual-level trait. However, the child development literature has consistently shown that support from parents and caring others is a critical component of resilience. Less is known about how adults navigate and negotiate their social environments following adversity in ways that promote adjustment and growth. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with men (n = 14) and women (n = 36), ages 56 -91 years (M = 71.71; SD = 8.8) who described a challenging life event and subsequent thoughts and actions. Retrospective accounts included events from childhood, early adulthood, midlife, and later life. Constructivist grounded theory informed the analysis. Results suggested that patterns of disruption to a person's sense of global meaning were related to social transactions, some of which supported adjustment (recovery), and others that facilitated growth through finding meaning that included introspection, self-knowledge, and compassion. The importance Growth Following Adversity?

Savouring is the capacity to focus on pleasant experiences in order to intensify and prolong the experience of positive affect. Although the mechanisms and processes of savouring have been studied, the components of its very nature have been largely neglected. The primary objective of this project was thus to develop and validate a taxonomy of savouring comprising seven dimensions: hedonic savouring, and eudaimonic savouring of meaning of life, spirituality, self-reflection, inspiration, appreciation, and gratitude. To achieve this objective, a new measure was developed: the savouring configuration inventory (SCI). In Study 1, 190 participants completed the initial extended version of the SCI, which was reduced and revised on the basis of the results of an exploratory factor analysis. In Study 2 (N = 350), the factorial structure of the final version of the SCI, comprising 28 items (4 items/subscale), was successfully tested using a confirmatory factor analysis, and its complementary metric properties (internal consistency, construct, concurrent, and discriminant validity) were documented. Findings from this project hold important fundamental implications, as they contribute original information on the nature and configuration of savouring experiences.

Research on boredom in second language acquisition has proliferated, with mixed findings on its links to L2 achievement. However, no meta-analysis has explored this correlation. The present meta-analysis examined their links based on 37 independent samples with 17,800 individual participants from 34 primary studies. A negative correlation was found with a medium effect size (r =-0.30, 95 % CI:-0.34,-0.27). Moderator analyses revealed varying effect sizes across different measures of boredom and achievement, types of achievement, educational levels, and age groups of participants. Our findings underscore that boredom exerts both short-term and long-term impairing effects on L2 learning, offering L2 teachers important insights for instructional design, classroom practices, and self-assessment. This study also suggests key directions for future research, including a granular conceptualization of boredom across varying timescales and levels of situational specificity, research design improvements, measurement enhancements, and exploration of diverse research contexts.

A significant number of college students suffer from mental health issues that impact their physical, social, and occupational outcomes. Various scalable technologies have been proposed in order to mitigate the negative impact of mental health disorders. However, the evaluation for these technologies, if done at all, often reports mixed results on improving users' mental health. We need to better understand the factors that align a user's attributes and needs with technology-based interventions for positive outcomes. In psychotherapy theory, therapeutic alliance and rapport between a therapist and a client is regarded as the basis for therapeutic success. In prior works, social robots have shown the potential to build rapport and a working alliance with users in various settings. In this work, we explore the use of a social robot coach to deliver positive psychology interventions to college students living in on-campus dormitories. We recruited 35 college students to participate in our study and deployed a social robot coach in their room. The robot delivered daily positive psychology sessions among other useful skills like delivering the weather forecast, scheduling reminders, etc. We found a statistically significant improvement in participants' psychological wellbeing, mood, and readiness to change behavior for improved wellbeing after they completed the study. Furthermore, students' personality traits were found to have a significant association with intervention efficacy. Analysis of the post-study interview revealed students' appreciation of the robot's companionship and their concerns for privacy. The mental health of college students is an increasing concern. According to the American College Health Association 85.5% of college students have reported that they "felt overwhelmed by all [they] had to do" and 53.1% reported that they "felt things were hopeless" within the last 12 months . Due to the adverse impact of mental health problems on student success, managing such issues has recently become a high

The basic goal of the study was to explore the nature and mechanisms of self-compassion through which it shapes perceived positive mental health outcomes of the adults. Using a qualitative research design fifty-one adults (26 males and 25 females) in the age range of 20-25 years were interviewed following a semi-structured interview protocol. The responses were audiotaped, transcribed verbatim and analysed using the Thematic Analysis Method. The findings revealed that selfcompassion is a complex process bringing in cognitive, affective and behavioural resources for the individual. Self-compassion was found efficacious in gaining enhancement in perceived selfunderstanding, positive self-regard, forgiveness, resilience, hope, optimism, well-being, self-efficacy, autonomy, competence, intellectual and emotional strengths, productivity, positive emotions and decreased stress. It was also found to catalyse positive intrapersonal and interpersonal relationships. Findings imply that self-compassion provides protective and supportive strengths to affect the genesis, maintenance, consolidation and promotion of perceived positive mental health outcomes.

Mindfulness conocida tambien como “atencion plena” o “conciencia plena” (e.g. Baer, 2003; Kabat-Zinn, 1990, 2003a, 2003b; Manas, 2009; Miro, 2006; Simon, 2006; Vallejo, 2006) es una tecnica de meditacion “centrada en el presente, no elaborativa ni condenatoria, en la cual cada pensamiento, sentimiento o sensacion que surge en el campo atencional es reconocido y aceptado tal y como es” (e.g. Kabat-Zinn, 2003a, 2003b; Shapiro y Schwartz, 2000; Segal et al., 2002). Asi la meditacion tiene como componente principal la concentracion y la capacidad de mantener la atencion de manera consciente en la mente, de ahi, que su practica continua permita al cuerpo adquirir altos niveles de relajacion. El proyecto de innovacion se ha disenado bajo dos objetivos generales dirigidos principalmente a estudiantes de Educacion Social. El primero, centrado en la formacion y el segundo, en la aplicacion del Mindfulness en las practicas curriculares que realizan dichos estudiantes: 1.Disenar y evaluar la e...

It is widely recognized by scholars that amenities affect the individual well-being. Ample empirical evidence has been provided for developed countries, although this analysis for developing economies is scant. The aim of this paper is to study the association between locational specific characteristics and self-reported measures of subjective well-being. We focus our analysis in Chile, a developing country located in South America endowed with a rather heterogeneous set of amenities across cities. Using data from several sources to account for both natural and urban city amenities along with individual traits, our first results suggest that natural and urban amenities do affect the level of subjective well-being across Chilean cities. Afterwards, we allow for the estimated parameters associated to amenities vary to characterize the whole distribution rather than a single average parameter. This analysis uncovers the existence of unobserved individual heterogeneity, that is, individuals display different tastes for amenities not captured by observed traits, and consequently compensating variations associated to amenities differ across the sample. These results provide valuable elements to policy makers and city planners to the design of policies that enhance the population well-being and to the understanding of the development of cities in developing economies.

The Stability-Cordiality Theory of Success is a behaviorist-based framework that seeks to advance existing theories of personality development by offering a comprehensive model for understanding human success. Success, in this context, is defined as a state of fulfillment, happiness, safety, health, and love—concepts aligned with Seligman’s notion of flourishing and Csikszentmihalyi’s theory of flow. This theory explains the dynamic processes underlying human actions, leadership, personal growth, and societal behaviour.
The theory posits that individuals progress toward success through nine cardinal steps: self-motivation, spirituality, perspicacity, cognitive assonance, authenticity, cognitive flexibility, technical literacy, social-cognitive skills, and identity achievement. Each step represents a crucial component of stability that fosters long-term success. Conversely, individuals may fall into failure when negative cardinal steps—such as gullibility, lethargy, cognitive dissonance, and identity confusion—dominate their development. However, transitions between these paths are possible through significant life experiences or guided interventions. By integrating cognitive, social, and technical dimensions, the Stability-Cordiality Theory of Success provides a structured approach to personal and professional growth. It highlights how individual differences, environmental influences, and self-awareness contribute to achieving a stable and fulfilling life. The theory also introduces the Stability-Cordiality Model, which illustrates how individuals can navigate from negative to positive cardinal steps with effort, guidance, and self-realization. This theory offers valuable insights for personal development, leadership training, and psychological well-being, making it a versatile tool for understanding human behaviour and success.

Despite a rise in studies applying the PERMA framework (Positive emotion, Engagement, Relationships, Meaning and Accomplishment) to tourist well-being, few studies explore how the five elements within the PERMA framework interconnect to contribute to the well-being of young tourists. This study employed a qualitative research approach, utilizing semi-structured interviews guided by the PERMA framework to investigate young tourists' perceptions of well-being. Findings were analyzed using thematic analysis, revealing that the young tourists' well-being is believed to encompass two key components: enjoyment, representing hedonic well-being, and meaning, representing eudaimonic well-being. Enjoyment may stem from tourist activities or social interactions, while meaning could be derived from actualizing core values or fulfilling travel purposes. Theoretically, the study advances the PERMA framework by strategically aligning its elements in direct response to various tourist experiences. This provides a novel perspective for future researchers, suggesting the potential use of the PERMA framework as an alternative approach for understanding young tourists' well-being. Practically, the study offers insights for individuals to craft improved tourism plans, leveraging their travel experiences to enhance well-being. For example, individuals could benefit from being more mindful in designing and executing their travels, ensuring a positive tourist experience.

The study explored the impact of incorporating mindfulness into Nigerian secondary schools curricula: advantages and disadvantages. Incorporating mindfulness into secondary schools curricula offers numerous benefits for students' mental health, academic performance, social skills and positive school culture. The study adopted the survey research method. The population for this study comprised all public secondary school principals, teachers and students in Delta State. The sample for this study was 50 principals, 100 teachers and 150 students in selected public secondary schools Delta State. A self-structured questionnaire titled Incorporation of Mindfulness into Secondary School Curricula Questionnaire (IMSSCQ) were used to collect data for the study. The reliability coefficients of the instruments ranged from 0.81 to 0.86 through Cronbach Alpha. Simple percentage, Mean, standard deviation, and Pearson "r" statistics were the statistical tools deployed for the analysis of data collected. The results of the study indicated that incorporating mindfulness into secondary school curricula has the potential to transform the educational landscape and also improve decision-making of students through thoughtfulness and self-awareness. In conclusion, the integration of mindfulness practices in schools offers significant potential benefits, including improved student focus, emotional regulation, and overall well-being. However, successful implementation requires careful consideration of the challenges, such as time, teacher training, cultural resistance, logistical constraints, and the need for age-appropriate interventions.

In 1998, Martin Seligman established positive psychology as an autonomous discipline within the American Psychological Association. This new branch focuses on the conditions that promote human well-being and flourishing, contrasting with previous therapeutic methods considered pessimistic in addressing individual distress. By emphasizing individualism, the relentless pursuit of happiness, and personal success, positive psychology today faces the crises of capitalism, to which it is partly accused of contributing, given the impact of consumerism on the recurring ecological, economic, and social crises. This anomic materialization of happiness is central to numerous Francophone literary works, which warn readers through alarmist dystopias and an aesthetic oriented toward collapse. The challenge here is to confront the emergence of this collapsological aesthetics with the competing notion of “Happycracy,” developed by sociologist Eva Illouz, who argues that neoliberal societies sustain themselves by promoting resilience and individual performance, thereby masking collective wealth disparities and the injustices they generate. This study aims to assess this anxiety-inducing literature of the 21st century, exploring its contradictions and highlighting the challenge literature faces in proposing alternative solutions to repair the world.

Recent research has shown that Chinese foreign language learners' classroom emotions stand out from learners in the rest of the world. The present mixed-method study investigated to what extent foreign language enjoyment (FLE) and foreign language classroom anxiety (FLCA) of 564 Chinese undergraduate EFL learners are different from learners outside China. While mean levels of FLE and FLCA were found to differ, most of the patterns between FLE and FLCA and a range of learner-internal and teacher-related variables were comparable to those identified in previous research, except for Chinese students' dislike of unpredictable behaviour by the teacher. Participants reported similar levels of FLE but higher levels of FLCA compared to the international sample in Dewaele and MacIntyre ( ), which could be attributed to the Chinese educational context. Multiple regression analyses revealed that FLE was predicted more strongly by teacher-related variables while FLCA was mostly predicted by learner-internal variables, confirming earlier research outside China. Qualitative analysis of learners' emotional experiences also revealed that FLE was more likely to have been triggered by the teacher while FLCA was more related to learners themselves. Pedagogical implications of the findings are provided for EFL teaching in Chinese universities.

The purpose of this study was to determine the role of sideways emotions on emotional expressivity, emotion regulation, and emotional intelligence among adults. The present study was descriptive research based on a survey research design conducted in various colleges situated in different areas of Haripur, Post Graduate Degree College, Akhtar Nawaz Khan Degree College, and Government Girls Degree College, Haripur KPK. A convenient sampling (N = 200) from measures, i.e., the Emotional Expressivity Scale (Gross and John, 1997), the Emotional Regulation Questionnaire (Gross and John, 2003), and the Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Construct (Wong and Law, 2002), was used for data collection. Statistical analysis was carried out with SPSS version 25. The results indicated that females used more emoticons as compared to males. The finding also indicated that people used positive emotion during communication. Female students were shown to be more emotionally intelligent as compared to male students. The finding has theoretical and applied significance in terms of the role of emotion on emotional expressivity, emotional regulation, and emotional intelligence among adults.

The objective of this study is to examine gender discrimination and gender stereotypes as predictors of bullying affect among teenagers. For this purpose, a sample comprised of 200 teenagers was collected by using the purposive sampling technique. The duration of this study was six months. Three self-report measures were used in the present research, including Perceived Gender Discrimination (Hang-Yue et al., 2006), Gender Stereotypical Roles (Moreau et al., 2021), and Forms of Bullying Scale (Shaw et al., 2013). SPSS (Version-26) was used for data analysis. Results revealed that gender discrimination and gender stereotypes significantly positively predicted the bullying effect among teenagers. Gender differences also revealed that female teenagers were higher on bullying affect and gender stereotypes, whereas results were non-significant on gender discrimination. The study has implications in an academic setting.

In the 2nd edition of his book, Fear and Courage, Jack Rachman remarked on the scarcity of research on human strengths. While journal articles on anxiety and fear were numerous, only a handful of references on courage existed prior to 1990. Nine years later, thanks in large part to Rachman's groundbreaking research, our knowledge of this human strength is growing. However, the discrepancy in research on positive versus negative human qualities remains huge. A search of psychological abstracts from 1967 through 1998 yields approximately 60,000 articles, book chapters and books on fear or anxiety and fewer than 500 on courage. Similarly, Myers reports that for every article on positive emotions (joy, happiness or life satisfaction) there are 21 articles on negative emotions (anger, anxiety and depression) . Psychology's focus on the negative may make evolutionary and historical sense. It has led to powerful techniques for reducing human suering and has increased our awareness of environmental stressors that may stunt human development. However, psychology's preoccupation with identifying, undoing and preventing damage has blinded us to human strength. Our theories are powerful in predicting failure, hopelessness and despair, but are impotent when it comes to explaining hope, persistence, creativity, compassion, love and the many other qualities that make life worthwhile. Worse, psychology's focus on protection from damage is harmful. It has contributed to a culture of victimology and may be responsible for the widespread epidemic of depression in our young people. Over the last half-century, several psychologists have called for an increasing focus on the positive. Humanistic psychologists including , 1963) argued that psychology ignored what was most important about being human, creativity, love, joy and our capacity for growth. However, these calls went largely unheeded and no systematic Behaviour Research and Therapy 37 (1999) S163±S173

Situated within a positive psychology perspective, this study explored linkages between adolescent students' positive subjective well-being and their levels of engagement in schooling. Specifically, using structural equation modeling techniques, we evaluated the nature and directionality of longitudinal relationships between life satisfaction and student engagement variables. It was hypothesized that adolescents' life satisfaction and student engagement variables would show bidirectional relationships. To test this hypothesis, 779 students (53% female, 62% Caucasian) in a Southeastern US middle school completed a measure of global life satisfaction and measures of cognitive, emotional, and behavioral engagement at two time points, 5 months apart. A statistically significant bidirectional relationship between life satisfaction and cognitive engagement was found; however, non-significant relationships were found between life satisfaction and emotional and behavioral student engagement. The findings provide important evidence of the role of early adolescents' life satisfaction in their engagement in schooling during the important transition grades between elementary and high school. The findings also help extend the positive psychology perspective to the relatively neglected context of education.

This study investigated the psychometric properties of a brief life satisfaction scale, the Brief Multidimensional Students' Life Satisfaction Scale (Huebner et al., 2004a), with a high school age sample. The results revealed preliminary evidence of internal consistency, two-week testÀretest reliability, construct validity, and criterion-related validity for research purposes. Expected demographic effects were also obtained. Overall, the findings suggest that the BMSLSS may provide a useful indicator of adolescent life satisfaction in studies in which brevity of measures is an important consideration.

Data are reported on 2278 public middle school students in South Carolina, U.S.A. Levels and demographic effects on their satisfaction with their overall lives as well as five specific domains (family, friends, self, school, and living environment) were assessed. Similar to findings with adults and high school students, most middle schoolers reported positive levels of global and domain-specific life satisfaction. Although statistically significant in some cases, the practical significance of the demographic variables was limited. Many middle schoolers reported particular dissatisfaction with their school experiences.

Bu çalışmanın amacı evli bireylerde psikolojik dayanıklılık, olumsuz otomatik düşünceler ve evlilik doyumu ilişkisinin belirlenmesidir. Araştırmada evli katılımcıların psikolojik dayanıklılık, otomatik düşünceler ve evlilik doyumu ilişkisi araştırılmıştır. Katılımcıların demografik özelliklerini belirlemek için Kişisel Bilgi Formu ve değişkenleri belirlemek için Tezer tarafından geliştirilen Evlilik Yaşam Ölçeği, Hollon ve Kendall (1980) tarafından geliştirilmiş Otomatik Düşünceler Ölçeği ile Friborg ve arkadaşları (2003) tarafından geliştirilip, Basım ve Çetin (2011) tarafından Türkçe' ye uyarlaması yapılan Yetişkinler için Psikolojik Dayanıklılık Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmaya 158 kadın 162 erkek olmak üzere 320 kişi katılmıştır. Yapılan çalışmada katılımcıların evlilik doyumu ortalamaları 4.27 olarak bulunmuştur. Psikolojik Dayanıklılık ölçeği alt boyutlarından olan Yapısal Stil, Sosyal Yeterlilik ile Aile Uyumu düzeylerinin katılımcıların Evlilik doyumunu arttırdığı tespit edilmiştir. Diğer alt boyutlar kendilik algısı, gelecek algısı ve sosyal kaynaklar değişkenleri ise evlilik doyumu değişkeni üzerinde herhangi bir etki oluşturmamaktadır. Yapılan çalışmada otomatik düşünceler ile evlilik doyumu arasında negatif yönlü bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir olumsuz otomatik düşüncelerin fazlalığı evlilik doyumunu azaltmaktadır.

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar a infl uência da consistência da escolha vocacional no processo de socialização profi ssional de estudantes de enfermagem, por meio da introdução de vários fatores de teste. Para tanto, foram utilizados testes de hipóteses e a criação da árvore de decisão, utilizando o algorítimo CHAID. A amostra foi composta por 2657 alunos de 15 faculdades distribuídas em 9 estados brasileiros. Os resultados indicaram que uma escolha vocacional consistente tende a melhorar o processo de socialização profi ssional dos alunos de enfermagem, e que outros fatores, como o tipo de faculdade, o ano cursado e a idade em que foi feita a escolha pela carreira, são bons preditores da socialização profi ssional.

En la mitología griega, Sísifo fue el fundador y rey ​​de Éfira (ahora conocida como Corinto). Era un tirano astuto que mataba a los visitantes para ostentar su poder. Esta violación de la sagrada tradición de la hospitalidad enfureció profundamente a los dioses. Lo castigaron por engañar a otros, incluyendo dos veces por burlar a la muerte. Los dioses lo obligaron a subir una inmensa roca por una colina, solo para que rodara hacia abajo cada vez que se acercaba a la cima, repitiendo esta acción eternamente.
El estudio de 2010 respalda nuestra hipótesis de que la espiritualidad se correlaciona positivamente con el dominio social. Otra razón para esta relación la plantearon Jackson y Hunsberger en 1999 (citados en Smith et al., 2007): las organizaciones formales como la religión tienden a crear relaciones dentro y fuera del grupo y pueden desarrollar una fuerte tendencia a diferenciar su propia fe de la de otros, lo cual podría generalizarse a otras divisiones sociales. como la raza (Altemeyer, 2003). Como observan Saslow et al., "Por otro lado, los análisis históricos a menudo postulan que las diferencias religiosas pueden dar lugar a distinciones de "nosotros" contra "ellos", que subyacen al conflicto (Harris, 2005; Hitchens, 2008). De manera similar, los académicos han sugerido que la religión debería fomentar la solidaridad progrupo y el altruismo dentro del grupo (Durkheim, 1915; Wilson, 2003), por ejemplo, al fomentar una identidad compartida con otros (Graham y Haidt, 2010). Según la teoría de la identidad social (Tajfel y Turner, 1986), si las personas se categorizan en grupos, entonces se identificarán con su grupo interno, compararán favorablemente su propio grupo con otros grupos y se sentirán distintos de aquellos fuera de su grupo.

Seit der griechischen Antike wurden unterschiedliche Menschenbilder entwickelt, die Formen des Zusammenlebens prägten. Hobbes sah den Menschen als von Natur aus gewalttätig, Rousseau als gut und friedlich. Diese spekulativen Ansätze konnten politisch-gesellschaftlich nicht umgesetzt werden. Mit naturwissenschaftlicher Erforschung des Menschen ist ein konsensfähiges, universelles Modell möglich. Ein umfassendes Bild von Bedürfnissen und Verhaltensweisen erlaubt die Entwicklung neuer poli-tischer Strukturen – eine Aufgabe für die Zukunft.

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Анотація. У статті проаналізовано вживання дефініції «педагогдослідник» і складність її однозначного тлумачення. Розглянуто проблему одночасного поєднання педагогічної та дослідницької діяльності у шкільному середовищі. Акцентована увага на наукових підходах, на які має опиратися педагог вищої школи у своїй професійній діяльності для досягнення позитивних результатів. На основі аналізу наукових джерел описано рівні втілення педагогом дослідницьких проектів. Проведений діагностувальний етап експериментальної роботи серед представників українських науково-педагогічних шкіл дав змогу виокремити професійні, дослідницькі й особистісні групи характеристик педагога-дослідника. Усі категорії досліджуваних зійшлися на думці, що основними характерними рисами педагога-дослідника є креативність, професіоналізм і готовність до самовдосконалення, що і допомогло авторові сформулювати визначення категорії «педагог-дослідник» та зʼясувати ефективні показники його професійної діяльності. Ключові слова: педагог-дослідник, наукові підходи, рівні дослідницької діяльності, характерні риси педагога-дослідника, професійнотворчий розвиток.

Previous research, statistically accounting for self-construal factors and thereby eliminating widely reported culture main effects in social anxiety scores between East Asians and European-Americans (Norasakkunkit and Kalick 2002 Culture, ethnicity, and emotional distress measures: The role of self-construal and self-enhancement. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 33(1), 56-70.) suggested that social anxiety measures penalize individuals for being low on independent self-construal; therefore, cultural differences in emotional distress according to social anxiety measures may possibly misrepresent cultural differences in emotional well-being. In the current experimental study, 127 Japanese and 126 American participants were either primed or not primed to access an independent mode of thought prior to filling out two commonly used measures of social anxiety and a measure of emotional well-being. Independent priming caused social anxiety scores to decrease. Yet, independent priming did not influence levels of self-reported emotional well-being. Furthermore, although the Japanese respondents were shown to be more distressed according to both of the standardized social anxiety measures, this finding was actually reversed with respect to self-reported emotional well-being. The evidence thus points to high scores on measurements of social anxiety being directly and causally linked to low levels of independence, while no link was found between independence and emotional well-being.

e all know the drill. We encourage our clients to reduce stress in their lives by eating nutritious foods, getting adequate sleep, exercising regularly, and adding joyful moments to seek balance. As psychologists, particularly those who work in disaster mental health, we're also highly vulnerable to stress and susceptible to common developmental and career challenges: financial, relationship, career, and child rearing issues, lengthy grad- uate programs (Tomazinis, 2005), malpractice threats, political con- cerns, aging parents, retirement considerations, etc. Provided their understanding of the apparent risks and consequences of stress, why are psychologists loath to fully embrace wellness strategies? Can we establish consensus that accepting this support is a show of strength and wisdom, not a sign of weakness? Clearly, our responsibility to our clients ethically requires that we mind our own wellness. Our professional guilds have demonstrated incredible foresight by establish...

Several strategies for decreasing anxiety and increasing subjective well-being have been tested and found to be useful, such as downward social comparison, loving-kindness contemplations, and interconnectedness contemplations. These, however, have not often been directly compared. Emerging adults contemplated one technique for 12 min while walking around a building. Those who wished others well (loving-kindness) had lower anxiety, greater happiness, greater empathy, and higher feelings of caring and connectedness than those in a control condition. The Interconnectedness condition resulted only in beneficial effects on social connection. Although social comparison theory suggests that downward social comparison should improve mood, this study found that it had no beneficial effects relative to the control condition and was significantly worse than the loving-kindness condition. This brief loving-kindness contemplation worked equally well across several measured individual differences, and is a simple intervention that can be used to reduce anxiety, increase happiness, empathy, and feelings of social connection.

Several strategies for decreasing anxiety and increasing subjective well-being have been tested and found to be useful, such as downward social comparison, loving-kindness contemplations, and interconnectedness contemplations. These, however, have not often been directly compared. Emerging adults contemplated one technique for 12 min while walking around a building. Those who wished others well (loving-kindness) had lower anxiety, greater happiness, greater empathy, and higher feelings of caring and connectedness than those in a control condition. The Interconnectedness condition resulted only in beneficial effects on social connection. Although social comparison theory suggests that downward social comparison should improve mood, this study found that it had no beneficial effects relative to the control condition and was significantly worse than the loving-kindness condition. This brief loving-kindness contemplation worked equally well across several measured individual differences, and is a simple intervention that can be used to reduce anxiety, increase happiness, empathy, and feelings of social connection.

331 adolescentes. Se utilizó el Inventario de Ansiedad de Beck (BAI), con una metodología cuantitativa. El análisis fue con estadística descriptiva y no paramétrica. El 65.9 % (218) presenta un nivel asintomático de ansiedad. El 34.1 % (113) de los adolescentes presentaron ansiedad; de los cuales el 23.9 % (79) obtuvieron un nivel leve; 6.0 % (20), moderada; 3.9 % (7), grave y .3 % (1) severa. El 30.1 % y el 36.9 % de los hombres y mujeres, respectivamente, presentaron ansiedad. Los adolescentes de los municipios de Chimaltitán, Mezquitic y Colotlán, primero, segundo y tercer lugar, respectivamente, presentaron ansiedad. La prevalencia