Nuclear physics midterm plan at LNS

European Physical Journal Plus, 2023

The next years will see the completion of the radioactive ion beam facility SPES (Selective Production of Exotic Species) and the upgrade of the accelerators complex at Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare-Legnaro National Laboratories (LNL) opening up new possibilities in the fields of nuclear structure, nuclear dynamics, nuclear astrophysics, and applications. The nuclear physics community has organised a workshop to discuss the new physics opportunities that will be possible in the near future by employing state-of-the-art detection systems. A detailed discussion of the outcome from the workshop is presented in this report.

In Europe, the United States, and Japan, there is a worldwide effort to set up powerful research facilities that can provide beams of radioactive nuclei of various kinds, as well as beams of exceptionally enormous energies, to study the origins of the physical world. Complex and massive detector arrays with better technical capabilities are either created around or independently of these facilities (dedicated to cosmic rays). Superheavy nuclei, cold binary and ternary fission and nuclear shell structure are just a few of the areas where progress has been achieved recently. Cosmic rays have an energy spectrum that is beyond the capabilities of artificial accelerators. The installation of a massive detector array has been agreed upon by an international consortium. The field of nuclear physics is expanding in three distinct directions. Investigations on the behaviour of hot and dense nuclear materials are among them. Gluons and quarks make up the nuclear force. Distinction between stable and unstable nuclei. For the sake of this presentation, we will only be discussing the research of exotic nuclei, ranging from stability to the drip line. Nuclear force, nuclear stability, and shell structure and shape have all been studied in this study. Nuclei with a short lifespan are being produced using new experimental techniques. The fabrication of heavy nuclei with Z=114 and beyond has made significant progress.

1992

I. Overview This report reviews progress on our nuclear-physics program for the last year, and includes as well copies of our publications and other reports for that time period. The structure of this report follows that of our 1991 Renewal Proposal and Progress Report: Sec. SI outlines our research activities aimed at future experiments at CEBAF, NIKHEF, and Bates; Sec. I11 gives results of our recent research activities at NIKHEF, LAMPF, and elsewhere; Sec. IV provides an update of our laboratory activities at GWU, including the acquisition of our new Nuclear Detector Laboratory at our new Virginia Campus; and Sec. V is a list of our publications, proposals, and other reports. Copies of those on medium-energy nuclear physics are reproduced in the Appendix.

Physica medica : PM : an international journal devoted to the applications of physics to medicine and biology : official journal of the Italian Association of Biomedical Physics (AIFB), 2001

The use of existing detecting systems developed for nuclear physics studies allows collecting data on particle and ion production cross-sections in reactions induced by Oxygen and Carbon beams, of interest for hadrontherapy and heavy-ion risk assessment. The MULTICS and GARFIELD apparatus, together with the foreseen experiments, are reviewed.

Russian Chemical Reviews, 2009

This paper highlights some of the current basic This paper highlights some of the current basic nuclear physics research at Lawrence Livermore National nuclear physics research at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). The work at LLNL concentrates on Laboratory (LLNL). The work at LLNL concentrates on investigating nuclei at the extremes. The Experimental investigating nuclei at the extremes. The Experimental Nuclear Physics Group performs research to improve our Nuclear Physics Group performs research to improve our understanding of nuclei, nuclear reactions, nuclear decay understanding of nuclei, nuclear reactions, nuclear decay processes and nuclear astrophysics; an expertise utilized for processes and nuclear astrophysics; an expertise utilized for important laboratory national security programs and for important laboratory national security programs and for world-class peer-reviewed basic research. The bibliography world-class peer-reviewed basic research. The bibliography includes 42 references. includes 42 references.

Nuclear Physics A, 2005

The experimental simulation of stellar processes requires a very broad range of experimental techniques. The field has been rapidly growing over the last decade and a large number of new experimental facilities have been developed. This includes underground accelerators to shield the Cosmic ray background for sub-Coulomb barrier measurements of stellar reaction rates, neutron spallation sources for exploring neutron capture reactions for the s-process during late stellar evolution, and radioactive beam facilities for studying far of stability processes in stellar explosions. In this paper I want to present a short overview about the experimental questions and challenges these new developments pose for the experimental nuclear astrophysicist.

Physics Reports

Applied nuclear physics is an essential part of the research activity at many particle accelerators. New, large accelerator facilities are currently under construction in Europe, Asia, and USA. These machines will be able to produce radioactive ion beams, and to increase the intensity and the energy of the heavy ions well beyond the limits currently available at the therapy or research facilities. The upcoming facilities open new opportunities for research in biomedical applications that require these special properties, such as particle radiography, radioactive beam imaging, ultra-high dose rates and new ions for therapy. Moreover, space radiation research and materials science can successfully exploit these new centers. The new facilities can pave the way to many future applications of nuclear physics for the benefit of the society. In this paper we will summarize the current status of applied sciences at high-energy accelerators, describe the characteristics of some of the machines under construction (FAIR, NICA, RAON, ELI) and discuss the new opportunities offered by these facilities in applied sciences.

EPJ Web of Conferences, 2019

Pulsed beams have tremendous advantages for precision experiments with cold neutrons. In order to minimise and measure systematic effects, they are used at continuous sources in spite of the related substantial decrease in intensity. At the European Spallation Source ESS these experiments will profit from the pulse structure of the source and its 50 times higher peak brightness compared to the most intense reactor facilities, making novel concepts feasible. Therefore, the cold neutron beam facility for particle physics ANNI was proposed as part of the ESS instrument suite. The proposed design has been re-optimised to take into account the present ESS cold moderator layout. We present design considerations, the optimised instrument parameters and performance, and expected gain factors for several reference experiments.

Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2011

Directly measuring nuclear astrophysics reactions presents unique challenges. Low energy reaction products and small reaction cross sections are just two of the issues that the TACTIC detector addresses. TACTIC is the "TRIUMF Annular Chamber for Tracking and Identification of Charged-particles" detector being developed by TRIUMF and the University of York, UK. TACTIC is a cylindrical, active-target TPC providing high detection efficiency; a "shielding" cathode traps the ionization created by the beam and allows for higher intensities than typical TPCs. The 480 anode signals are collected through custom preamplifiers, digital electronics and acquisition systems. Acquisition and analysis software is also undergoing extensive development. Amplification of the small signals is accomplished using a Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM). The fill gas, He-CO 2, provides both particle detection and a homogeneous, variable-thickness target for studying reactions on αs, such as 8 Li(α,n) 11 B. A preliminary study of this flagship reaction was carried out in June 2009 and the results are providing feedback into the development of the final detector and infrastructure.