Livestock Production Economics

Organic farming in Gentungan Village started in 2009. Organic farming activities in Gentungan Village initiated by Tani Mulyo I began targeting Tani Mulyo V. The organic rice produced by Tani Mulyo I and Tani Mulyo V has received organic certification and has received a halal label. However, in developing the marketing of Tani Mulyo I and IV products, there are several obstacles, including the low competitiveness of the products, especially the packaging that has not yet been sold, and the limited marketing reach. Some things are known from the packaging side, the problem faced is the limitations of packaging equipment. Digital-based information and marketing systems are urgently needed to reach a wider market, not only regional markets but are expected to be able to reach markets outside the region or nationally. Overcoming these problems the Program for Strengthening the Capacity of Student Organizations (PPK Ormawa team) Students Association of Pelita UNS carried out several acti...

It is important to study livestock seller's and buyer's expectations about market committees because it sheds light on their requirements, worries, and opinions about how the market is run. By being aware of these expectations, market committees can better accommodate seller's and buyer's requirements and improve the efficiency and fairness of the market by customizing their services and rules. A more open and sustainable cattle trading environment is also promoted when seller expectations are met, since this builds mutual confidence and collaboration between sellers and market committees. The research conducted with an objective to study the expectations of livestock buyers and Sellers who participate in trading at Agriculture Produce Market Committees of Satara District. The data is collected from 341 livestock buyers and 384 livestock sellers about the facilities provided by the market committees. The structured questionnaire is prepared to collect the data. The collected data is analyzed by z-test. The results show that market committees are capable to fulfill the expectations of the livestock buyers as well as sellers.

Smallholders can capture opportunities presented by increasing demands for livestock products due to growing populations, incomes and urbanisation. This is only feasible if smallholders remain competitive. The dominance of smallholders among livestock producers, supplying at least half of total supply of livestock products in our target regions, is strong. This is particularly true in ruminant production (beef, small ruminants and milk) and remains the case in developing country pig and poultry (see Figure 1).

The study assessed the factors affecting farmer's adoption of cowpea spraying technologies in kebbi south using cross-sectional data obtained by interviewing respondents with the aid of structured questionnaires. A probit model was employed to analyze the determinants of farmer's adoption of cowpea spraying technologies in the study area. The study revealed that participation in the spraying of cowpea by farmers was higher for the following: male farmers, producers with more years of farming experience, farmers with more extension contacts, and respondents with smaller families. Furthermore, the study revealed that female farmers were less in the spraying technology. Decreased in the participation of female was due lack of technical know-how on operational procedures of the spraying machines, Inadequate land, finance, education and cultural beliefs. Those that were found to have participated much were experienced female farmers. The study recommends the expansion of the extension programmes more to female farmers so as to encourage them to participate in the spraying technology such that it addresses the problems inhibiting the effectiveness of farmer's participation in the spraying technology.

Dairy farming is an important agricultural sector and highly enriched with agro-ecological, political and social dimensions. Much of this milk is produced by smallholder dairy farmers who account for 80% of the national milk production in Kenya. However, smallholder farmers fetch considerably low incomes. This study assessed the contribution of on-farm dairy diversification projects in enhancing the livelihoods of the small scale farmers in Bureti sub-county. A descriptive research design was adopted with a target population of 280 respondents. Random sampling was used to select 74 respondents. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect primary data on a drop and pick later basis. The collected data was edited, coded and analyzed using descriptive and inferential analyses using SPSS 23. The study established that insufficient dairy funding affects on-farm dairy diversification projects, lack of reliable livestock extension services and training on dairy production hinders d...

أن أهم قضية اقتصادية تستحق التحليل والدراسة الآن هي أزمة الدين الخارجي وتأثيرها على الاستدامة الاقتصادية. هذه القضية ليست فقط ملحة بسبب حجم الدين المتراكم، بل أيضًا بسبب تداعياتها العملية على السياسات النقدية والمالية، سعر الصرف، الاستثمار الأجنبي، والقدرة على تحقيق نمو اقتصادي مستدام. هنا مناقشة قد تكون غريبه نوعا ما ولكن بهدف التشجيع على دراسة الموضوع من جوانب مختلفة

Introduction: Horses, along with a number of other domesticated species, are still used for work power animals in many developing countries. A study was conducted in Debrezeit, Adama, Debre brihan and Hawassa towns in Ethiopia in 2012/13 with the objective of determining the chemical composition of the common horse feed resources. Methods: Feed samples were collected from three major groups namely; carthorse owners, horse feed traders and feed processors as replication for determination of chemical composition. The samples were collected systematically. Feed analysis was done at the National Veterinary Institute (NVI) Bishoftu, Ethiopia, based on the proximate feed analysis method.

Kuesioner A. Kerjasama Gadhoh yang Dijalankan 1. Bagaimana sistem gadhoh itu? 2. Sudah berapa tahun melakukan kerjasama gadhoh ternak? 3. Bagaimana awal mula memutuskan melakukan gadhoh ternak? 4. Berapa ternak yang dipelihara saat ini? 5. Apakah profesi beternak dengan sistem gadhoh ini merupakan profesi utama atau hanya untuk penghasilan tambahan? B. Pemeliharaan Ternak

The objective of this work was to estimate an index of the relative biomass per species, in a medium to large-sized mammal community, as well as to determine how the introduced wild boar ( Sus scrofa ) fits into this index, and to verify if the occupancy of sites by domestic dogs interferes with those of wild boars and how much the periods of dogs’ activity overlap those of wild boars. The biomass/effort index was measured for each native mammal species and for the introduced wild boar, in two surveyed farms in Brazil’s Western Atlantic Forest range, through the use of camera trappings that were also used to verify if dogs and wild boar overlap in space and activity time. Wild boars seem to dominate the community, just a few years after their presence was first recorded in the region. Surprisingly, several native endangered mammal species persist in the highly modified landscape of the studied areas, but their population trends are still unknown. Wild boars and dogs generally occupy...

تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى تحليل الوضع الاجتماعي والاقتصادي في مدينة روصو بموريتانيا، من خلال مسح ميداني شمل 1500 أسرة باستخدام العينة العشوائية الطبقية. أظهرت النتائج أن المدينة تواجه تحديات في توزيع الدخل، ضعف الفرص الاقتصادية، وتفاوت الخدمات الأساسية. وتؤكد الدراسة على أهمية تبني سياسات تنموية فعالة تعزز من مستوى المعيشة لسكان المدينة.

صناعة الحلال تشهد نموًا سريعًا، خاصة مع زيادة عدد المسلمين حول العالم وزيادة الوعي بالمنتجات الحلال بين غير المسلمين أيضًا. كما انها تسهم بشكل كبير في الاقتصاد العالمي، خاصة في دول مثل ماليزيا، إندونيسيا، والإمارات العربية المتحدة. وهناك فرص كبيرة لتسويق المنتجات الحلال في الأسواق غير الإسلامية، خاصة مع زيادة الوعي بالجودة والنظافة.ويمكن أن يكون الذكاء الاصطناعي أداة قوية لتعزيز صناعة المنتجات الحلال، من خلال تحسين الجودة، ضمان الامتثال، وفتح آفاق جديدة للابتكار. ويهدف هذا المقال لالقاء الضوء على مجالات استخدام الذكاء الاصطناعي فى صناعة المنتجات الحلال .

The current study examined the effects of oxytetracyclinelong acting (OXY LA) on blood biochemical variables and electrolytes in goats. Goats were administered OXY LA at high dose rate of 30mg/kg BW intramuscularly for 07 days with an interval of 48 h. Blood samples were collected before (0) and at various time points for 148 h post treatment. The results showed that the serum concentrations of glutamic pyruvic transaminase, glutamic oxaloacetate transaminase and alkaline phosphatase increased (P<0.01) from 6-72 h and (P<0.05) at 96 and 120 h post drug administration compared to control (0 h) and then the concentrations returned to base-line at 148 h. The serum triglycerides, total protein, creatinine and urea increased (P<0.01) from 6-72 h and (P<0.05) at 96 h and then returned to pretreatment value at 120 h following drug administration. Serum calcium level decreased (P<0.05) from 6-148 h whereas serum phosphorus and magnesium levels increased (P<0.05) from 12 to 120 h following OXY LA treatment. The results indicate that the administration of high dosed OXY LA significantly alters serum biochemical and electrolyte level (by chelation) in goat. However, these effects were concentration dependent and the values returned to baseline once the drug cleared from the body.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of therapeutic and high doses of florfenicol on kidney and liver functional indicators in goat species. Six mature, healthy goats (combine breed and sex) with average weight 25 kg were selected for this study. The therapeutic (20 mg/kg b.w.) and high doses (40 and 60 mg) of florfenicol were administered for 3 days with 24 h interval. Blood samples were collected at 0, 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 h following the each administered dose. The results showed that the therapeutic dose of florfenicol produced nonsignificant effect on serum urea, creatinine, total protein (TP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and bilirubin on all timings, and increased (p<0.05) the serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) and serum glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) levels for 48 h. Whereas the high doses of florfenicol (40 and 60 mg) significantly altered the kidney and liver functional indicators in the blood. In contrast with control, the serum urea level was (p<0.01) increased at all timing points. Creatinine values were altered (p<0.01, <0.05) in increasing manner from 24 to 96 h. The high dose of 40 mg decreased the TP (p<0.05) for 72 h and 60 mg persisted same effect (p<0.01) up to 120 h. The indices of ALP, GGT, SGOT, and SGPT were raised (p<0.01, <0.05) at all timings. The bilirubin indexes also (p<0.05) elevated from 48 to 72. It was concluded that the high doses of florfenicol produced reversible dose-dependent effects on functional indicators of kidney and liver such as urea, creatinine, TP, ALP, SGOT, SGPT, GGT, and bilirubin.

El Programa Integrando Conocimientos (PIC) que el Plan Agropecuario ha organizado desde hace algunos años promueve una discusión permanente acerca de cuál es el “buen conocimiento” ganadero, dónde se origina, cómo evoluciona, cómo se gana y se pierde, con la esperanza de mejorar la gestión de las explotaciones ganaderas. Los que peinamos canas hemos asistido a numerosas discusiones acerca de cómo es deseable que funcionen y actúen las instituciones de “extensión” que se relacionan con el sector ganadero.

The economy of Somaliland depends on livestock, which employs about 70% of the population and contributes approximately 60% of GDP and 85% of export earnings. The principal export markets are the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Oman, Egypt and the United Arab Emirates. Exports to these markets have shown a steady growth in the last four years. Despite recent growth in export volumes, livestock trade takes place in an environment characterized by an underdeveloped legal framework, contract uncertainty and high information costs among other factors. Trade is guided by informal traditional institutions, customs and religious practices that serve as alternatives to formal contracting. The Livestock Marketing Information System (LMIS) was initiated in 2007 to address the constraint of high market information cost. The purpose of the LMIS is to provide timely current information to livestock producers, traders, government officials and other development partners. It collects and dissemina...

Smallholders can capture opportunities presented by increasing demands for livestock products due to growing populations, incomes and urbanisation. This is only feasible if smallholders remain competitive. The dominance of smallholders among livestock producers, supplying at least half of total supply of livestock products in our target regions, is strong. This is particularly true in ruminant production (beef, small ruminants and milk) and remains the case in developing country pig and poultry (see Figure 1).

Animal husbandry plays a crucial role in the Indian economy but the production potential of indigenous animals is less as compared to their population. For improvement in the productivity of dairy animals, it is very crucial to deliver the relevant and timely information to the livestock owners. So, it is of immense importance to utilize the potential of mobile and its application in the dissemination of credible information to farmers to maximise production with minimum cost. With this background, the present study was planned to study the adoption pattern of livestock-oriented mobile applications among livestock owners of Mathura district of Uttar Pradesh. Information was collected from 15 randomly selected respondents from each village, thus comprising a total of 150 respondents for the study. Data was collected through a predesigned structured interview schedule and the results were analyzed using suitable statistical tools. The study revealed that YouTube was the most preferred mobile application adopted by dairy farmers for information seeking on livestock rearing followed by searching in the Google. The majority of the respondents adopted feeding, management and disease control practices etc. 55.34 per cent of the dairy farmers had adopted market-oriented mobile applications followed by breeding applications (46.00%). Breeding and marketing applications oriented on livestock are adopted higher in number whereas feeding; management, disease control and health care practices were more adopted from YouTube.

Biofertilizer, considered sustainable agricultural input, holds the potential to replace chemical fertilizers and improve soil health. Still, its limited adoption prompts the need to explore farmers' awareness of the challenges in Bangladesh. Our study focuses on the knowledge, attitude, and challenges related to biofertilizer usage among a hundred randomly selected farmers in the Chapainawabganj District. We exerted a cross-sectional descriptive research technique and a pre-structured questionnaire for data collection through face-to-face interviews. According to the findings, about 52% of the respondents had shallow knowledge about biofertilizers, although the majority (about 67%) had a moderately favorable attitude, indicating enthusiasm to adopt this technology. Additionally, the majority of the farmers strongly supported the idea that increasing publicity initiatives to promote biofertilizer usage would be helpful. Moreover, most of the socio-demographic characteristics of farmers had a significant and positive relationship with their knowledge, where only education and training facilities were positively correlated to their attitude, pointing out that improving these aspects may promote biofertilizer adoption. The study also found that the critical challenges of biofertilizer usage were personal interest gaps, inadequate publicity, lack of awareness about benefits, disorganized training, and high prices or lack of availability. These findings suggest that policymakers and extension service providers should prioritize targeted training and demonstrations to enhance awareness as well as ensure that biofertilizer supplies are affordable and easily accessible.

Aim: Metabolic illnesses such as milk fever and ketosis in dairy cattle significantly impact productivity and production efficiency, thereby hindering farmers' ability to enhance their income. This study aimed to systematically evaluate the financial implications of metabolic disorders in dairy cattle, providing critical insights into their economic burden on dairy farming systems.

This study examines the behavioral barriers to adopting cold chain solutions in Bangladesh's livestock value chains. It aims to identify challenges related to frozen livestock product consumption and cold chain investment, while suggesting potential solutions. Using primary data from Key Informant Interviews (KIIs) and secondary sources, the study finds that cultural, economic, and socio-political factors contribute to negative perceptions of chilled and frozen milk and meat, particularly among lower-income groups who prefer fresh products due to perceived nutritional value. Urbanization, however, is driving demand for chilled and frozen options among middle-to high-income consumers. Consumer decisions are influenced by factors such as nutritional value, taste, price, availability, hygiene, packaging, and branding. Traditional practices, which prioritize immediate sales, deter butchers from investing in cold chain solutions. However, some butchers are open to adopting modern technologies if supported by government and financing. Traditional sweet meat producers primarily use milk to make sweets, yogurt, and fermented products, highlighting the need for support to modernize their businesses with cooling facilities. Challenges in the informal livestock sector, such as poor hygiene and limited cooling facilities, restrict the market for chilled and frozen food products. In contrast, the formal sector, including supermarkets and processing plants, has showcased successful cold chain models. To address these issues, the study recommends investing in energy-efficient refrigeration, improving inventory management practices, and implementing awareness campaigns. Collaborative efforts among the government, financial institutions, and industry stakeholders-along with policy reforms, financial incentives, and capacity-building initiatives-are essential for creating an enabling environment for cold chain infrastructure. Ultimately, addressing these barriers can enhance food safety, reduce waste, and increase the sustainability of Bangladesh's meat and milk industries.

Senegalia macrostachya is a wild crop with socioeconomic potentials across West Africa. This study
aims to assess the impact of land use on the regeneration patterns of the species according to
climate zones in Burkina Faso. A total of 193 rectangular plots were sampled in farmlands, fallows
and protected areas across the Sudano-sahelian and Sudanian climate zones. The size and population
parameters of juveniles, as well as the mechanisms of regeneration were assessed and
compared among land use types, climate zones, and regeneration mechanisms using ANOVA
followed by Tukey’s HSD and a chi-square test. Density of juveniles was significantly higher
(p < 0.001) in protected areas (223.93 ± 122.45 individuals per ha) than in fallows
(106.79 ± 57.22) and farmlands (64.39 ± 57.57). The height of juveniles was significantly higher
(p < 0.001) in the Sudanian zone (0.70 ± 0.44 m) than in the Sudano-sahelian zone
(0.42 ± 0.15 m). The largest collar diameter (14.61 ± 7.23 mm) observed in the farmlands varied
significantly between climate zones. The distribution of the diameter size class revealed stable
juvenile populations. Diameter classes of less than 1 cm exhibited the highest densities. As far as
the regeneration mechanism is considered, Senegalia macrostachya regenerated mainly by
sprouting stumps in farmlands (84.82 %) and fallows (47.72 %) and by seedlings (65.58 %) and
suckering (27.53 %) in protected areas. The results prove that Senegalia macrostachya has a good
natural regeneration potential that can be promoted for sustainable management and conservation
of the species in agroforestry systems. The strategy could be assisted natural regeneration,
which is low cost and easy to practice by local populations.

Pertumbuhan sektor pertanian sangat dipengaruhi oleh pola penggunaan lahan dan pemilihan jenis tanaman yang sesuai dengan karakteristik lahan yang tersedia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memprediksi luas lahan tanam yang paling optimal menggunakan metode forecasting berbasis regresi linear. Data historis yang digunakan mencakup informasi luas lahan tanam dan panen padi sawah dari tahun 2019 hingga 2023. Analisis dilakukan dengan memanfaatkan regresi linear untuk mengidentifikasi tren perubahan luas lahan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan signifikan antara jenis tanaman dan luas lahan yang tersedia, dengan beberapa tanaman menunjukkan tingkat kecocokan yang lebih tinggi pada lahan tertentu. Rekomendasi ini diharapkan dapat mendukung pengambilan keputusan oleh petani dan pemangku kebijakan untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dan produktivitas pertanian di Kota Cirebon.

CENDES COLOMBIA is a centre that seeks the integral human development for forced displaced population caused by civil conflict in the country. This centre is meant as a Learning Community where cooperative, participatory and trustworthy relationships arise. This paper efforts have been put up to showcase the analysis of the social networks among its beneficiaries, and its incidence in the intervention process in order to identify possible areas for improvement to strengthen the effectiveness of the emancipation process. The methodology involves document reviews, interviews, and the use of the UCInet software for the social network analysis or SNA formulation. Key features of the CENDES beneficiaries, such as connection strength, degree of intermediation, degree of separation, and degree of centrality are discussed, showing as results that people associated to this process is connected with a low density in the entire network created, but with a greater tendency to clustering, reflecting teamwork. Four of the thirty five people in the network show leadership characteristics, indicating that these individuals have a high degree of empowerment, particularly in "power for" to exercise authority "deserved" for their high sense of cooperation. Overall, the average degree of centrality of the network shows that tends to exist homogeneity in the position of all nodes in the network, presenting no marked hierarchies and facilitating communication processes; it is likely that taking out some node of the network, the network flow is affected. These results can complement processes in the development centre based on the roles an d importance of key people within a process.

Gender inequality in access and control of all resources has been a major concern for many governments and other stakeholders. Many stakeholders have endeavored to design and implement various strategies and mechanisms aimed at advancing gender balance in all spheres of life. However, this objective has not been achieved. This prompted the need for this study that sought to investigate the status of access and control of land and dairy products by men and women and their influence on access and control of household welfare. The study was done in Murang' a County-Kenya. The study was guided by the following objectives: to identify the dairy products existing in male and female-headed households in Murang' a county, Kenya; to establish the status of access to land and dairy products by men and women and to establish the status of control of land and dairy products by men and women. The study was guided by the Women Empowerment Framework (WEF) espoused by Sarah Longwe (1991). The study utilized a cross-sectional research design. Purposive sampling technique was used to select Kigumo Sub-county as the area of the study. Further, a simple random sampling technique was used to select four hundred and forty-two (442) male and female-headed households practicing dairy farming in the Sub-county to participate in the study.

This study examines India’s milk production trends from 2018-19 to 2022-23, It highlights the focus on trends, diversity in milk types, and regional disparities. This paper highlighting significant growth in top milk-producing states like Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, and Madhya Pradesh. It reveals variations in milk types, with Punjab leading in foreign cow milk, Haryana in buffalo milk, and Rajasthan in indigenous cow milk. The paper also discusses improvements in milk availability and the increase in cattle and buffalo populations. While states like Rajasthan and Punjab show higher productivity, challenges persist in sheep milk production in states like Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka. The research calls for further investment in technology and feed to sustain this growth and address regional disparities in milk production.

The study's goal was to examine and rate the key livestock feed resources and their limits in Guji Zone. Data was gathered from six districts through group discussions and standardized questionnaires and also both from secondary and primary sources. A total of 288 respondents were selected at random and interviewed. Natural grassland and crop leftovers were the primary feed supplies in the research area. Drought was the leading cause of grazing land deterioration 69.1% of the lowland areas, overgrazing 58.2% of the highland areas, and bush encroachment in 21.9%. The main traditional range land management strategy in the research area was conservation enclosure (kalo). The primary source of income for stakeholders is sale of cattle and livestock products, as well as selling of crops. In comparison to the midland and highland, livestock in the lowlands travel long distances (>6 km) to get water. Further research and development should be encouraged to improve dry season feed scarcity through various options such as the use of non-traditional feeds, forage development programs, alternative crop residue utilization and adaptation, and demonstration of improved forage varieties.

Antibiotics play an important role in veterinary medicine and serve as important tools to maintain animal health and ensure food safety. However, heavy use of antibiotics in animal production can lead to increased antimicrobial resistance from livestock to humans. Foodborne pathogens are a major public health and food safety problem. Listeria monocytogenes cause severe diseases and outbreaks associated to the consumption of contaminated food products, in humans. In the treatment of infections, L. monocytogenes are susceptible to several antimicrobial agents, however, several recent studies have already reported cases of strains resistant to several classes of antibiotics, such as ampicillin, cefotaxime, tetracyclines, sulfonamides, β-lactams, and penicillin among livestock animals, but also the emergence of multi-resistant strains in these environments have also been described in several recent studies. This review focuses on the occurrence and prevalence L. monocytogenes in livestock and derived food-products and strives to provide information on prevalence of L. monocytogenes in livestock animals, and derived food products, and describe the main antimicrobial resistance and genomic analysis in strains associated and isolated from regions worldwide.

Tujuan penelitian m enganalisis keragaan faktor - faktor kredit usaha sapi potong ; m enganalisis kemampuan anggota KTT dalam memenuhi kewajiban pengembalian kreditnya ; m enganalisis pengaruh faktor-faktor kredit terhadap tingkat pengembalian kredit. Keragaan faktor - faktor kredit usaha sapi potong meliputi : pokok kredit, bunga kredit, pendapatan, agunan atau jaminan, jumlah ternak, lama beternak, usia peternak, dan jumlah tanggungan keluarga . Rasio rata-rata tingkat pengembalian kredit adalah 1.1544. Rasio tersebut diperoleh dari perhitungan rata-rata pokok kredit dan bunga yang telah dibayar (Rp. 30. 748 . 073 ,00) dengan rata-rata pokok kredit dan bunga yang seharusnya dibayar (Rp. 26. 635 .54 5 ,00). Hasil persamaan regresi menunjukkan bahwa pendapatan (X3) dan agunan atau jaminan (X4) berpengaruh terhadap tingkat pengembalian kredit. Sedangkan pokok kredit (X1), bunga kredit (X2), jumlah ternak (X5) , lama beternak (X6), usia (X7) , jumlah tanggungan keluarga (X8) tidak ber...

Peternak usaha sapi potong di Kabupaten Grobogan banyak memelihara sapi sebagai usaha sampingan. Permasalahan yang terdapat dalam pengembangan usaha sapi potong keterbatasan modal. Tujuan penelitian (i) menganalisis keragaan faktor kredit; (ii) menganalisis kemampuan anggota Kelompok Tani Ternak dalam memenuhi kewajiban pengembalian kredit; (iii) menganalisis pengaruh faktor-faktor kredit terhadap tingkat pengembalian kredit. Penelitian menggunakan metode survai.Rasio rata-rata tingkat pengembalian kredit dari 100 responden anggota Kelompok Tani Ternak penerima kredit ketahanan pangan dan energi adalah 1.1586. Rasio tersebut diperoleh dari perhitungan rata-rata pokok kredit dan bunga yang telah dibayar (Rp. 30.748.073,00) dengan rata-rata pokok kredit dan bunga yang seharusnya dibayar (Rp. 26.635.545,00). Hasil persamaan regresi menunjukkan bahwa pendapatan (X3), jumlah ternak (X4) dan lama beternak (X5) berpengaruh terhadap tingkat pengembalian kredit. Sedangkan pokok kredit (X1), ...

The traditional system of producing small ruminants (sheep and goats) contributes significantly to the socioeconomic wellbeing of farm households in northern Ghana. Besides serving as an important source of income, sheep and goats also offer important non-pecuniary benefits such as the provision of manure, savings, insurance, farm portfolio diversification, and strong social relations. However, technical evaluation of traditional small ruminant systems places much emphasis on financial gains to farmers and abstracts on the non-conventional utilities derived from the livestock system. The main purpose of this study, therefore, is to estimate the overall economic benefits associated with traditional small ruminant systems by accounting for both market and non-market values in two agro-ecological zones (Guinea and Sudan savannah) of northern Ghana. Using a multistage sampling technique, we collected cross-sectional data from 249 small ruminant farmers for empirical analysis. The result...

Animal biotechnology has been practiced in one form or another since the beginning of the domestication of animals. Many of the previously used tools of animal breeding, genetics and nutrition have played an important role in the selection, propagation and management of desirable and economically important characteristics in livestock. Modern livestock production has been dependent on biotechnology for development of improved feedstuffs, feed ingredients, vaccines, biologicals, enzymes, high quality ...

Pemukiman SAD di dusun nyogan ini berada di pingiran aliran sungai Bahar dan di tengah-tengah perkebunan sawit masyarakat desa nyogan. Sungai bahar ini lah yang menjadi tempat sumber kehidupan SAD pada saat ini. SAD yang ada didusun Nyogan mayoritas tidak memiliki pekerjaan pasti karena tidak memiliki keahlian yang lain untuk dapat meningkatkan perekonomiannya, hampir semua SAD yang ada disana mata pencariannya adalah mencari ikan.. Berdasarkan survey dan Hasil studi pendahuluan, ditemukan ada beberapa permasalahan di kedua mitra, yaitu: Masyarakat SAD Trans Sosial didusun Nyogan saat ini hanya berfokus untuk menangkap ikan dan buruh harian lepas di perkebunan sawit bagi memenuhi kebutuhan hidupnya sehingga pendapatan mereka rata-rata masih sangat rendah. Belum optimalnya kemanfaatan potensi sumber daya yang ada di lingkungan mereka seperti limbah kelapa sawit yang dikelola masyarakat SAD untuk menjadi produk yang bernilai ekonomis dan memiliki nilai seni yang tinggi, Belum adanya t...

In the context of agricultural ecologisation, some farmers are undertaking major changes in their practices, which have an impact on the performance of their farm, their work organisation, as well as their identity and the meaning given to their work. This last dimension has so far received little attention, even though studying it is essential to accompany these deep changes in professions and new ways of working. In order to contribute to this question, our research in social psychology aims to explore the psychosocial processes at play in the reconstruction of the meaning of work for farmers engaged in the agroecological transition. We rely on a theoretical framework that allows us to jointly explore the subjective and social dimensions of behaviours at work. This communication proposes the results of an exploratory study conducted in 2018 via ten semi-directive interviews with livestock farmers in a French network that promotes the use of semi-natural vegetation to feed ruminants. We analysed these interviews by studying both personalisation and socialisation processes that we divided into seven axes of analysis. The results show a strong willingness of these farmers to personalise their practices by experimenting, mobilising their senses and emotions, anchoring their practices on their intrinsic motivations and comparing their system with others, in search of freedom and autonomy. The results also show the need for livestock farmers to share their practices within a community of peers. When discussing the reasons for their choices with their peers, they find the support necessary to reassure themselves, to collectively build the meaning of what they are doing, and to strengthen their professional identity. This study confirms the relevance of jointly studying the processes of personal construction and socialisation of work changes in the agricultural world. It opens up prospects for more indepth exploration of their diversity, with the aim of improving the support of farmers engaging in the agroecological transition.

Biogas is a combustible gas produced by anaerobic fermentation of organic materials by methanogenic
bacteria. The study was conducted using portable floating drum biogas plants of 0.5 m3 capacity, to study
the quantity and composition of Biogas produced from the excreta of cattle, buffalo and goat. Two
kilograms of representative sample of each excreta were taken and diluted to 10% dry matter level. The
hydraulic retention time is for 25-30 days. The gas volumes were taken at constant pressure. The methane
and carbon dioxide concentrations were analyzed using Gas Chromatography. The result showed a
significant difference (P<0.01) between the substrates for both quantity and composition of biogas. The
volume (m3) of biogas and methane concentration was highest in the excreta of goat followed by cattle
and buffalo were as carbon dioxide concentration was highest in goat followed by cattle and buffalo.

En el marco de la expansión agrícola de las últimas décadas, la ganadería bovina de Buenos Aires ha presentado transformaciones tecnológicas que implicaron la intensificación y relocalización de la producción. Si bien estos cambios fueron abordados en términos agronómicos y económicos, resultan escasos los análisis realizados desde de las ciencias sociales, en especial las indagaciones sobre las modificaciones en el trabajo y el empleo.En este escenario, el presente artículo se propone abordar los cambios tecnológicos en alimentación y reproducción de la ganadería bonaerense a partir del trabajo y quienes lo realizan. En base a entrevistas con trabajadores, productores y técnicos ganaderos indagamos las modificaciones de las tareas vinculadas a la alimentación y reproducción bovina haciendo énfasis en las transformaciones en la organización, tiempos y tipos trabajo, las calificaciones requeridas y el control del proceso de producción. Partimos de la hipótesis de que estos cambios incrementan la demanda y la intensidad del trabajo al mismo tiempo que modifican el tipo de tareas y conocimientos requeridos, reduciendo la autonomía y el control de los trabajadores sobre el proceso de trabajo. Se espera de esta manera integrar el trabajo y los trabajadores al análisis de las transformaciones tecnológicas en la ganadería bovina contemporánea.

Strongyle infection is the most common and economically devastating disease of equine in Ethiopia. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of strongyle infection and associated risk factors in horses and donkeys in and around Dangila town in Amhara Region. A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2013 to April 2014 to determine the prevalence of strongyles infection in horses and donkeys in the study area. A total of 384 horses and donkeys were examined for strongyle parasites. Fresh fecal samples were obtained from 384 randomly selected horses (n=24) and donkeys (n=360). Coprological examination for the detection of strongyle eggs was performed using simple test tube floatation technique. Results revealed that the overall prevalence of strongyle infection in both species of animals was found to be 5.73%. In each species it was found to be 4.92%and 5.83% in horses and donkeys respectively. The infection rates of strongyles were 4.92% and 10.17% in adult and y...

La présente étude a pour objectif principal de diagnostiquer le maillon de la production à l'échelle de la ferme de la chaîne de valeur lait dans le bassin laitier de Fada-N'Gourma. Pour ce faire, une enquête rétrospective de l'année 2020 a été effectuée auprès de 65 exploitations laitières choisies grâce à la méthode de boule de neige. Elle a concerné les éleveurs laitiers des sites de Kikideni, Kouaré et de la ville de Fada. Il en ressort que dans la zone d'étude, la taille moyenne des troupeaux est de 23 têtes avec un noyau laitier moyen de 4 têtes. La race Zébu peulh est la race la plus représentée dans les noyaux laitiers. Les métisses de races exotiques bien que peu représentées, sont surtout rencontrées en zone urbaine. Les performances laitières par vache par jour varient en fonction des saisons avec un pic en pleine saison pluvieuse. Le prix de vente du litre de lait varie très peu dans l'année. L'analyse typologique montre trois (3) groupes de producteurs laitiers dans la zone urbaine et périurbaine de Fada N'Gourma: les élevages de types traditionnels, ceux de type périurbain et ceux de type urbain. Parmi les facteurs ayant une influence sur le niveau de production, il y a la présence de métisses de race exotiques, la pratique de la production fourragère, l'achat important de SPAI (Sous produits agro industriels), la formation des producteurs et l'effectif supérieur à 50 têtes. Les performances des troupeaux des élevages périurbains et urbains de Fada ont été comparables à celles des troupeaux de la sous-région Ouest Africaine.

Brucellosis is a highly contagious zoonotic and devastating disease that affects households’ potential to improve their well-being through trade in livestock and livestock commodities. Despite the disease being endemic in Zambia, there is inadequate information, on its socio-economic impact on the well-being of households rearing livestock. Therefore, a crosssectional study was conducted in Western and Southern provinces of Zambia to determine the impact of brucellosis on socio-economic well-being of livestock farmers at households. The specific objectives of the study were to determine losses and costs associated with brucellosis in livestock; determine socioeconomic wellbeing levels at the household; evaluate the linkages between brucellosis and socio-economic wellbeing status; assess the extent to which the current health policies address One Health practice and the attitude towards One Health practices among policy makers. Structured questionnaires, focus group discussions and i...

The traditional system of producing small ruminants (sheep and goats) contributes significantly to the socioeconomic wellbeing of farm households in northern Ghana. Besides serving as an important source of income, sheep and goats also offer important non-pecuniary benefits such as the provision of manure, savings, insurance, farm portfolio diversification, and strong social relations. However, technical evaluation of traditional small ruminant systems places much emphasis on financial gains to farmers and abstracts on the non-conventional utilities derived from the livestock system. The main purpose of this study, therefore, is to estimate the overall economic benefits associated with traditional small ruminant systems by accounting for both market and non-market values in two agro-ecological zones (Guinea and Sudan savannah) of northern Ghana. Using a multistage sampling technique, we collected cross-sectional data from 249 small ruminant farmers for empirical analysis. The result...

The study was conducted in central zone, Tigray, Northern Ethiopia, aimed with assessment of breeding practices and evaluation of estrus synchronization of dairy cattle. The study of the survey covered 180 households found in per-urban and rural areas of Ahferom, Adwa and Laelay michew district which included 113 in rural areas and 67 in per-urban areas of the districts. The Information was collected from secondary data, group discussion, AI technician, household level survey questionnaire, farm visit and personal observations. Seven hundred one synchronized cows were selected form record of artificial insemination centre and evaluated for conception rate and number of service per conception. For experimental study a total of 126 dairy cattle 42 cows from each district were selected for PGF2α treatment. Single shot of PGF2 were given for dairy cattle that exhibited estrus after first injection and double shot has given to cows that failed to show heat after single injection. Twenty conceived lactating cows were used for progesterone profile assay using hormonost micro lab farmers test to check pregnancy and embryo mortality. The data were analyzed using SPSS (16) and SAS (9.1). Dairy cattle were kept for generating income (35.6%), milk consumption (32.2%) and milk consumption and breeding (16.1%) in the study area. Purchased dairy cattle (69.9% and 68.7%) were the main foundation stock followed by own (20.35% and 17.91%) in rural and per-urban areas respectively. Mating system in the study area were AI (42.8%), AI with estrus synchronization (22.2%) and natural mating (35%). Households obtained breeding bull from neighboring (61.4%), own (21.3%) and village (17.3%). Individual performance and pedigree selection were used as selection criteria for dairy cattle. Trait preference of farmers were milk yield (1 st) body weight (2 nd)) and fertility (3 rd) for both rural and per-urban areas. Production system significantly affected daily milk yield of local cattle and cross dairy cattle. In the study area AFC (3.9± 0.8, 3.0± 0.9) years, CI (1.7± 0.4, 1.3 ±0.5) years and DO (10.9 ±0.5, 6.9± 0.62) months were for local and cross cattle respectively. Overall CR and NSC of mass synchronization were 37.95% and 2.63 respectively. BCS, bull and AI technician significantly affected CR and NSC in mass synchronization. From single injection in the experimental study 84.9% cows responded to PGF2α and 51.4% of them were conceived. 89.5% Cows show estrus sign and 52.9% conceived with double injection. Among 20 cows assumed to be pregnant on basis of milk progesterone concentration on day 18-24 post insemination, 85% were confirmed to be pregnant and 15% showed late embryonic death. Community based breeding program is the best option to improve dairy breeding practice in the study area. Improvements in facilities and management should be necessary before implementing an estrous synchronization program. Giving second injection for cows not responded for first injection of PGF2α has complimentary advantage to single injection. Progesterone assay using hormonost micro lab farmers test is a practical solution for dairy farmers to detect estrus, pregnancy and embryo mortality.

Bluetongue is an International Office of Epizogtics List A disease described as the century's most economically devastating affliction of sheep. Bluetongue (BLU) viruses were thought to infect only ruminants, shrews, and some rodents, but recently, inadvertent administration of BLU virusâ€"contaminated vaccine resulted in mortality and abortion among domestic dogs. We present evidence of natural BLU virus infection among African carnivores that dramatically widens the spectrum of susceptible hosts. We hypoth esize that such infection occurred after ingestion of meat and organs from BLU virus infected prey species. The effect of BLU virus on endangered carnivores such as the cheetah and African wild dog requires urgent investigation. Also, the role of carnivores in the epizootiology of this disease needs elucidation.