Literary Criticism

Minho, Douro e Trás-os-Montes. A ocidente, o oceano, que dá ao Minho o horizonte «fechado pelas montanhas mais chuvosas da Europa» e bastos rios animando «veigas altamente produtivas». De leste, a influência continental que endurece o clima, aliado à rocha e à avareza dos solos na criação da fácies transmontana. Território Norte, geográfico e poético, unido a sul pelo fio do Douro, entre as escarpas da fronteira e a calmaria da foz. Dos Cancioneiros Populares aos títulos do século XXI, poucas formas primitivas da natureza e da construção antrópica da paisagem ficaram à margem da sensibilidade dos escritores e das páginas da Literatura Portuguesa.

In the radical upheaval of the Russian revolution, author Maxim Gorky tied his humanist hopes to the Bolshevik leadership, persuading them to create the World Literature Press (or Vsemirnaia Literatur). Soviet World Literature was organised to collectively promote literature translation (in theory and practice): a project committed to translating the ‘great works’ of fiction from all over the world and into the hands of the proletarian masses. In spite of its relevance to contemporary discourses on translation and world literature today, this fascinating episode has long been absent or invisible in narratives of world literature this century, in the form of anthologies, histories, monographs, and syllabi. Recognising this, the editors have delivered an accomplished collection on a grandiose topic, serving to catapult a fascinating area into the foreground of comparative literary discourse and delivering a long and much needed revision of its relevance today.

Pessoa, Fernando
Cartas de amor / Fernando Pessoa ; organizado por Jerónimo
Pizarro. ‑ São Paulo : Tinta‑da‑China Brasil, 2025.
208 p. : il. ; 13cm x 18,5cm.
Inclui bibliografia, índice e anexo.
ISBN 978-65-84835-40-5

Cartas de amor
foi composto em Filosofia e Verlag,
impresso em papel Golden 78g,
na Ipsis, em março de 2025.

https://www.tintadachina.com.br/produtos/cartas-de-amor-fernando-pessoa/

Se muitos conhecem Ofélia Queiroz, a quem foi destinada a maior parte das cartas de amor de Fernanda Pessoa, poucos sabem que no fim da vida Pessoa se apaixonou por uma inglesa loira e misteriosa, Madge Anderson, com quem também trocou missivas.

Além de contar com a edição crítica e rigorosa de Jerónimo Pizarro, o maior especialista nos manuscritos do poeta, este volume revisa datas, atualiza a grafia, situa as cartas na vida e obra de Fernando Pessoa e vem acompanhado de novas pistas e documentos, como os poemas que integraram o epistolário amoroso, fac-símiles e fotos. A mais completa edição das cartas de amor.

Gênero: Não ficção
Páginas: 208 Páginas
Formato: Brochura, 13x18,5cm
ISBN: 978-65-84835-40-5
Lançamento: Abril de 2025

A primeira edição deste livro foi apoiada pela
direção‑geral do livro e das bibliotecas — DGLAB
Secretaria de Estado da Cultura — Portugal

Esta edição segue o Novo Acordo Ortográfico
da Língua Portuguesa em sua variante europeia
1a edição: abril de 2025, 2 mil exemplares
Edição: Jerónimo Pizarro
Revisão: Mariana Félix • Karina Okamoto • Tamara Sender
Composição: Isadora Bertholdo • Denise Matsumoto
Capa: Vera Tavares

This publication of Critical Reading of Fiction: The Prince and The Pauper by Mark Twain aims at helping those who wish to study prose fiction as literature. A biographical sketch of Mark Twain, a summary of the plot of the novel, chapter- by-chapter summaries and commentaries, a critical analysis, and critical exercises are provided in this book, to help the reader answer examination
questions, which demand responses in the form of short essays. The chapter-by- chapter summaries and critical commentaries present the contents of the novel in the form of a detailed study of it. In this section, an interpretation of every chapter is presented so that the reader can follow the summaries and commentaries in line with the relevant chapters in the original. In the critical analysis of the novel, the text is studied within a standard framework that covers its plot, characterisations, setting, atmosphere, themes, point of view, irony, and symbolism, in relation to providing an approach to the analysis of fiction. The study questions guide the reader in developing arguments about various issues presented in the novel. All these supplementary materials are concentrated on the study of The Prince and The Pauper by Mark Twain included in the Sri Lanka GCE (O' Level) Literature syllabus. They have been designed to facilitate the reader in formulating original ideas about various literary and social concepts in the novel. A student of literature can use all the materials in this study guide to improve his/her skills not only for understanding prose fiction but also for writing essays in answer to questions on works of prose fiction.

Postoji nekoliko načina da se tzv. književni kritičar, ili komentator ili egzeget, pozicionira između pisca, tj. književnika, s jedne, i čitatelja, s druge strane. Kod nas je najčešći slučaj taj da se, u uvjetima vrlo primitivne robnonovčane razmjene, kritičar shvati i locira kao neka vrsta piščeva promotora, ili piščeve isturene borbene jedinice, za mađijanje i zavođenje publike u svrhu plasiranja tog kulturnog dobra na za pisca financijski najpovoljniji način. Ove su refleksije pisane pod posve drukčijom perspektivom. Ovdje književni kri čar, ili komentator, ili naprosto tvorac ovih redova, zauzima prije svega prostor između pisca i čitatelja, nastojeći sebe shvatiti oblikova kao i jedno i drugo....

Odrasli smo u istome gradu, pod sličnim okolnos ma. Nismo emigrirali. Djeca smo disfunkcionalnih obitelji unutar disfunkcionalnih društava. U Zenici imali smo is , izraženo ekološki problem. Nasreću bez većih posljedica po pluća. Obojica smo to liječili pušenjem, ja sam prekinuo, on još uvijek uživa u duvanu. Kretali smo se u skoro iden čnim krugovima. Kada si djete većega grada, imaš priliku da sebi izabereš malo bolje, privremene staratelje s kojima možeš razgovara o lijepim stvarima, npr. knjigama, pjesmama, pričama, teorijama; i tako možeš sebi lakše pomoći kada je pomoć potrebna, ali to ne želiš objavi javno. Dobio je ime po jednoj pjesmi Georga Trakla, velikog austrijskog pjesnika, An den Knaben Elis -Dječaku Elisu. To mi je po sebi bilo cool, činilo mi je njegovo ime pamtljivijim od ostalih, a uvijek mi je bilo smiješno i diskretno sukobljavanje sa tzv. širom zajednicom što ga je to ime nenamjerno i često mo viralo -naime, često su ga pogrešno imenovali kao 'Elvisa' jer im je njegovo zbiljsko ime zvučalo vjerojatno bajkovito ili nevjerojatno. Tu vidim i neki pramodel za njegov dar proizvodnje jako dobre fikcije -ime mu dolazi iz oblas fik vnoga, pjesničkoga diskursa, a lokalne percepcije nastoje to ime reducira i sves na nešto što je pozna je, ali zapravo mnogo fik vnije; tako nastaje drama koju on odigrava u životu na milijune različi h načina, ponekad sa jako zanimljivim rezulta ma.

Dedicated to the dissemination of scholarly and professional information, Purdue University Press selects, develops, and distributes quality resources in several key subject areas for which its parent university is famous, including business, technology, health, veterinary medicine, and other selected disciplines in the humanities and sciences. CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture, the peer-reviewed, full-text, and open-access learned journal in the humanities and social sciences, publishes new scholarship following tenets of the discipline of comparative literature and the field of cultural studies designated as "comparative cultural studies." Publications in the journal are indexed in the Annual Bibliography of English Language and Literature (Chadwyck-Healey), the Arts and Humanities Citation Index (Thomson Reuters ISI), the Humanities Index (Wilson), Humanities International Complete (EBSCO), the International Bibliography of the Modern Language Association of America, and Scopus (Elsevier). The journal is affiliated with the Purdue University Press monograph series of Books in Comparative Cultural Studies.

A filosofia estoica, florescer no contexto turbulento do Império Romano, encontrou em Lucius Annaeus Seneca um de seus expoentes mais proeminentes. Vivendo sob o reinado de Calígula, Cláudio e Neroperíodos marcados por instabilidade política, corrupção e excessos de poder-, Sêneca (c. 4 a.C.-65 d.C.) transpôs a serenidade teórica do estoicismo para a prática de uma vida pública complexa e, paradoxalmente, de uma busca pessoal pela virtude e pela sabedoria. Sua obra, vasta e diversificada, inclui tratados filosóficos, peças teatrais e poemas, mas são suas Cartas a Lucílio que oferecem um acesso privilegiado à sua filosofia prática, à sua jornada pessoal de autoaperfeiçoamento e à aplicação do estoicismo na vida cotidiana.

Културната историја на градот Штип и неговата околина, благодарение на геоморфологијата на теренот, поволните климатски и географски услови, патните собраќајници кои поминувале и минуваат низ Штип, придонеле неговиот развој да започне од најдлабоката праисторија односно од доцниот палеолит и во континуитет низ вековите да трае се до денес. Во трудот ќе биде презентирана културната историја од палеолитот се до крајот на железното време, преку движни археолошки наоди и остатоците од праисториските објекти кои се присутни на праисториските населби: Грнчарица село Крупиште, Вршник село Таринци, Барутница село Анзабегова, Под Школо село Стар Караорман, Богослов Камен и Градиште Киево село Горни Балван и сектор Стара Кланица на Исар Штип. Клучни зборови: историја, праисторија, архитектура, населби, објект

Апстракт Запознавањето на младата популација со недвижното културно наследство во текот на основното и средното образование придонесува во зголемувањето на нивната перцепција кон културните општествени вредности. Но од особено значење претставува едукацијата во делот на заштитата на културното недвижното културно наследство со цел како би се негувале и зачувале таквите вредности кај таквата популација. Оттука и фокусот на трудот е насочен кон актуелизирање на прашањето на воспитувањето и образованието на младите за заштита на недвижното културно наследство,односно понуда на еден научен пристап кон оваа проблематика. Клучни зборови: културно наследство, заштита, основно и средно образование

Vetiver (Vetiveria zizanioides) is a tall tufted, perennial, scented grass with long narrow leaves and an abundant network of roots. Generally it propagates by producing new shoots at the joints above the soil surface and by branching at the joints below soil surface that have inflorescence. Most spike lets are not subject to fertilization and the seeds that are very thin have a short dormancy period. Thus, there is limited opportunity to germinate and spread like a weed. Vetiver leaves will sprout from the bottom of the clump. Each blade is narrow, long and coarse. Vetiver leaves are used as animal fodder and for roof thatching and mulching. Roots are the most useful part of the plant. They are used for absorbing water, maintaining soil moisture, arresting soil erosion and also used for making sieves, blinds, hand fans, baskets, handbags, skin care substances, oil for making perfumes and aromatic ingredients in soaps and in insect repellents. In India as well as the world market, the demand for vetiver oil is increasing day by day. One more reason for increase in demand is that this oil can be substituted with reconstituted oil and cannot be made synthetically. The Indian consumption of oil at present is about 100 tons and more that 80% is met by import. In India, the wild plant roots are harvested for oil production and no attempt has been made to grow this plant under captivity. Hence, there is a need for enhancing the production of the roots because of its importance. Here we have attempted to find out the influence of various organic manure on the biomass production of vetiver.

El 10 d'agost de 1904, Eugeni d'Ors diu en una carta a Amadcu Vivcs: El meu pare m'ha ofert si volia anar a estiuejar un quant temps a Cadaqués; i jo, engrescat amb el pian, he comensat a pensar en mar i roques i coves i tot allò ' . Prcvisiblement, aquest "tot allò" refereix al que tot seguit esmenta: els "llarcs articles i moltissims versos quc en Marquina ha pogut dedicar-hi". Ors al.ludeix al poeta Eduard Marquina que, efcctivament, coneixia Cadaqués grà cies al sell matrimoni amb Mercedes Pichot, la filla petita d'llns ve"ins sellS del carrer Montcada. Aqllests ve"ins eren una curiosa familia d'artistcs, cntre els quals Josep, molr amic d'un notari de Figlleres anomenat Salvador Dali, (futur) pare del pintor; Ramon, pintor, amic de Casas, Rusinol i Picasso; i Maria, can tant d'òpera concguda com a Maria Gay; nom del SCll marit, Joan Gay2. Eis Pichot, cap a l'any 1900, s'havien decidit a fer-se una casa d'estiueig en aquell poble remoti l'orientaci6 va scr proposada per Miquel Utrillo, que en va dibuixar la pIanta 3. Utrillo, amb qui havia col•laborat Ramon Pichot en el pro jecte dds Quatre Gats, va pensar en una casa d'cstiueig i aquesta instaHaci6, i * Dee a Joan de Déu Domènech algunes dades per a escriure aquest artide. Vull agrair també e1s comentaris d'Enrie Bou.

Este texto resulta de uma investigação alargada -realizada no âmbito do doutoramento em Estudos Culturais, sob o título "Relações de poder e identidade(s) de género: a sociedade "matriarcal" de Ílhavo na década de 1950" -que visa responder à questão de investigação: era ou não Ílhavo (na década de 1950) uma sociedade matriarcal? -análise de discursos de um jornal local. Com a proposta que aqui se submete procura-se apresentar o processo metodológico aplicado no estudo, sobretudo as implicações envolvidas numa investigação qualitativa que usa a técnica da análise de conteúdo de uma forma profunda e meticulosa. Assim sendo, será apresentado o processo de análise de dados, em particular no que diz respeito à escolha metodológica, ao uso da amostra teórica, ao preenchimento de grelhas de análise, e ao método de análise e discussão dos dados, especificamente no caso dos textos escritos por mulheres. Análise de conteúdo; mulheres; jornal O Ilhavense Quando a análise de conteúdo "vai mais além": análise de textos escritos por mulheres n'O Ilhavense

O mundo da ciência constitui um campo social. E, como tal, conhece relações de força, fenómenos de concentração do capital e do poder, relações sociais de dominação e lutas pelo controlo dos seus meios específicos de produção e reprodução (Bourdieu, 1997). As Ciências Sociais e Humanas (CSH) constituem também um campo social, de forças e lutas, seja para a sua manutenção, seja para a sua transformação, com * Nota introdutória desenvolvida no contexto do projeto "Memories, cultures and identities: how the past weights on the present-day intercultural relations in Mozambique and Portugal?", financiado pela Rede Aga Khan para o Desenvolvimento e pela Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia..

It was Thomas Laqueur who stated that women have commandeered 'gender', whereas masculinity was seen to exist in a 'cultural tradition where no such history was necessary ' (1990. 22). Thought to dominate literary and cultural discussion, masculinity became less studied as critics sought to give voice to the female character and experience. Recently however masculinity is coming to the fore of literary and historical criticism, the focus being on understanding masculinity beyond the 'standard', looking at the complexities and contradictions in masculine identity. Yet despite this recent attention on masculinity there remains a male character type that is overlooked in literary criticism: the whoremonger. Seducers are a regular trope in eighteenth-century literature and have been the subject of extensive study. The notorious Lovelace in Richardson's Clarissa; Lothario in The Fair Penitent by Nicholas Rowe; and Mr. B, another of Richardson's constructs in Pamela are all recognised characters that feature in the genre of the seduction narrative. They are recognised characters and yet little work has been done on the whoremonger as a trope; they are largely looked at within the confines of their text. I however have examined the whoremonger as an archetypal character type. Through the portrayal of the whoremonger in mid eighteenth-century literature, I have attempted to understand how illicit sexual conduct conformed to or contradicted contemporary ideals of masculinity. In particular, I have focused on how whoremongering was reconciled with the traditionally acceptable facets of masculine identity including work, sociability and marriage, looking at the tension between refined, sociable qualities of male identity and the base, sordid aspect that is sexuality. I have argued that despite cultural discourses that counselled to the contrary, whoremongering was a regular pursuit of the eighteenth-century gentleman. Furthermore, sexuality constructed masculinity and remained on the eighteenth century peripheral conscience as an accepted aspect of male conduct. I have done so through close analysis of three eighteenth-century texts that imitate memoir form; Cleland's Memoirs of a Woman of Pleasure (1748); Boswell's London Journal (1762-3); and the anonymously authored The Histories of Some of the Penitents of the Magdalen House (1760).

In Schlegel’s novel, the relationship between Julius and his beloved Lucinde, who are but thinly veiled versions of Schlegel and his newly beloved Dorothea, in its depths of fulfilled life … parallels the happy life Novalis had anticipated with his Sophie but was suddenly denied by her death. Yet Schlegel, as Novalis’s close friend, was much impressed by this death, at once personally sympathetic to Novalis in his grief, while at the same time strangely envious of the fate Novalis had inherited.

The article explores the meaning of the genre of literature ‘family saga’ in modern American literary criticism. The general meaning of ‘Family saga’ gives us a definition that this genre chronicles represent the way of life and traditions of a family or several related or interconnected families over some time. The article aims to present traditions that are emerging, evolving, and how they are handed on over time. ‘Family saga’ gives us glimpses beyond the daily struggles of life in ways that resonate with our deepest connections to our own families. The article has an analytical and historical approach to the study of these novels. The scientific novelty of the research work lies in the aspects forming family values of American families who lived in the period under review are compared, as every literary family has its secrets and stories that can be difficult and heartrending. The article examines the question posed in world literary studies about the genre of family chronicle, ...

Tous droits réservés © Les éditions Entre les lignes, 2012 Ce document est protégé par la loi sur le droit d'auteur. L'utilisation des services d'Érudit (y compris la reproduction) est assujettie à sa politique d'utilisation que vous pouvez consulter en ligne. Cet article est diffusé et préservé par Érudit. Érudit est un consortium interuniversitaire sans but lucratif composé de

The article follows The Tempest’s nexus of ocean and emotion for new ways of understanding its place in an expanding, early colonial world. Interconnecting early modern scholarship on oceans, emotion, and race, the article juxtaposes The Tempest’s privileging of white attachments and oceanic suffering with the fates of globally displaced African and indigenous persons summoned through Sycorax and Caliban. It also argues that the play renders salient a westward and potentially deadly route of travel for Prospero by partially aligning his journey with Magellan’s and Drake’s desired circumnavigations – their crossings of the Mare Pacifico, the ‘peaceful ocean,’ such as teased by Prospero’s pleas for “gentle breath” in the Epilogue. Suggesting that The Tempest’s geographical-cum-affective multi-referentiality reflects shifting notions of globality and precarious sea-travel in an early colonial world, the article opens up The Tempest to new global perspectives whilst contributing to diversifying early modern scholarship’s own oceanic and affective coordinates.

The article follows The Tempest’s nexus of ocean and emotion for new ways of understanding its place in an expanding, early colonial world. Interconnecting early modern scholarship on oceans, emotion, and race, the article juxtaposes The Tempest’s privileging of white attachments and oceanic suffering with the fates of globally displaced African and indigenous persons summoned through Sycorax and Caliban. It also argues that the play renders salient a westward and potentially deadly route of travel for Prospero by partially aligning his journey with Magellan’s and Drake’s desired circumnavigations – their crossings of the Mare Pacifico, the ‘peaceful ocean,’ such as teased by Prospero’s pleas for “gentle breath” in the Epilogue. Suggesting that The Tempest’s geographical-cum-affective multi-referentiality reflects shifting notions of globality and precarious sea-travel in an early colonial world, the article opens up The Tempest to new global perspectives whilst contributing to diversifying early modern scholarship’s own oceanic and affective coordinates.

Current trends in the teaching of Literature in English to English as a Second Language Learners show that emphasis is now on the development of the student’s ability to manipulate literary texts. This paper examines factors within and without the workings of language in bringing students to the awareness that texts are malleable and that they can be manipulated in the process of meaning making A Literature teacher who has knowledge of a wide range of possibilities of literary interpretation is better placed to carry students from a literal to an inferential level of comprehension of a text. Stylistics and literary criticism are prerequisites for the teacher’s knowledge base. In the discussion, it will be made apparent that stylistics alone cannot address and exhaust literary concerns in a text but that it clears linguistic obstacles for the application of other forms of literary interpretation. ‘London’, a poem by William Blake (see Appendix) will be used to facilitate this discuss...

Lucy Fraser employs her vast knowledge of Japanese and English literature and pop culture to present an intertextural and cross-cultural analysis in her book The Pleasures of Metamorphosis: Japanese and English Fairy Tale Transformations of “The Little Mermaid.” Fraser accomplishes this daunting task by approaching the various English and Japanese interpretations that adapt and subvert Andersen’s fairy tale not only through transcultural parallel readings, but through the framework of pleasure, which Fraser argues can “bring together texts that might otherwise be separated by differences in language, background, time period, genre, and medium and by the borders of ‘high’ and ‘low’ cultural forms” (1). In reading pleasure as a framework, the audience is invited to consider not only the author’s depictions of pleasure as experienced by the characters, but also the “metatextual messages about the pleasures of fairy tales and fairy tale transformations,” thus creating an avenue for ques...

Doris Lessing’s An Old Woman and Her Cat explores the intersectionality of marginalization through the lens of abjection and commodity fetishism. This paper examines the protagonist, Hetty, a Romani woman whose alienation is shaped by her ethnicity, financial instability, and refusal to conform to societal expectations. Drawing on Julia Kristeva’s theory of abjection and Marxist notions of commodity fetishism, this analysis highlights how Hetty’s value as a person is dictated by capitalist structures and how her internalized shame manifests in her relationship with her cat, Tibby. By unpacking the external and internal dimensions of Hetty’s exclusion, this study reveals the systemic nature of oppression and the inescapable cycle of alienation faced by those deemed the “Other.”

The article reconstructs lines 75-80 of Tablet V of the Standard Babylonian version of the Epic of Gilgameš. It offers a re-edition of all the extant sources and uses as a recourse verses 9-12 in Chapter 4 of the Book of Qohelet (Ecclesiastes). It then demonstrates how close the passage in the Epic of Gilgameš and the verses of the Book of Qohelet are. The article concludes with a brief discussion about the relationship between the Epic of Gilgameš and the Book of Qohelet.

Colloque organisé par. B. Autiquet (UPJV), S. Douchet (UCA), M. Roussillon (USN) et L. Piettre (AMU) à l'Université de Picardie-Jules Verne, les 6 et 7 novembre 2025. Les propositions de communication, d'une longueur d'environ 500 mots, ainsi qu'une courte notice bio-bibliographique, sont à envoyer avant le 30 mai 2025.

For a writer who, in Se una notte d'inverno un viaggiatore, shares his wish to be only a writing hand, Italo Calvino (1923-85) has had a remarkable presence both in words and in image over recent years. One cannot entirely separate this ubiquity from what we might term the "anniversarification" of literature, both in the publishing industry and in academia, which generates ever more marketing possibilities around authors and their works. These possibilities are often arbitrarily bound up with numerical and symbolic connections between the present and a writer's date of birth or death (or of the publication of their masterpiece). The sudden return of Calvino thus feels akin to the appearance of the shade of Virgil in front of Dante: a great figure weakened (or rather strengthened?) by a long silence. Though Calvino has of course never fully disappeared from the limelight, the worldwide (but especially Italian) attention garnered for his hundredth anniversary, though certainly positive, does not fully represent the normal wealth, worth, and width of attention for his works. Nonetheless, no Calvino scholar could really lament the revival in this long 2023, which is ongoing into 2024. From Australia to Algeria, Brazil to Bulgaria, Ireland to India, Myanmar to Mexico, Nairobi to the Netherlands, Tunisia to Turkey, myriad aspects of Calvino's works and how they resonate with various audiences have been elucidated in traveling exhibitions, seminars, conferences, book fairs, festivals, plays, video games, dance performances, and a documentary based on the database and extra materials that are available in the Laboratorio Calvino and are therefore able to bring us closer to lesser-known sides of the writer (see the review of Laura Di Nicola's new volume by Clemens Arts in this same issue of the Bookshelf). Moreover, the publication of many of his letters (not only editorial in nature, but also those to Sciascia and, much more intimately, to his future wife Chichita) confirm this interest.

For a writer who, in Se una notte d'inverno un viaggiatore, shares his wish to be only a writing hand, Italo Calvino (1923-85) has had a remarkable presence both in words and in image over recent years. One cannot entirely separate this ubiquity from what we might term the "anniversarification" of literature, both in the publishing industry and in academia, which generates ever more marketing possibilities around authors and their works. These possibilities are often arbitrarily bound up with numerical and symbolic connections between the present and a writer's date of birth or death (or of the publication of their masterpiece). The sudden return of Calvino thus feels akin to the appearance of the shade of Virgil in front of Dante: a great figure weakened (or rather strengthened?) by a long silence. Though Calvino has of course never fully disappeared from the limelight, the worldwide (but especially Italian) attention garnered for his hundredth anniversary, though certainly positive, does not fully represent the normal wealth, worth, and width of attention for his works. Nonetheless, no Calvino scholar could really lament the revival in this long 2023, which is ongoing into 2024. From Australia to Algeria, Brazil to Bulgaria, Ireland to India, Myanmar to Mexico, Nairobi to the Netherlands, Tunisia to Turkey, myriad aspects of Calvino's works and how they resonate with various audiences have been elucidated in traveling exhibitions, seminars, conferences, book fairs, festivals, plays, video games, dance performances, and a documentary based on the database and extra materials that are available in the Laboratorio Calvino and are therefore able to bring us closer to lesser-known sides of the writer (see the review of Laura Di Nicola's new volume by Clemens Arts in this same issue of the Bookshelf). Moreover, the publication of many of his letters (not only editorial in nature, but also those to Sciascia and, much more intimately, to his future wife Chichita) confirm this interest.

Interested in Joining My Classes? Here's How You Can Enrol: -

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Along with the live tutorials, which will be conducted on Google Meet, the enrolled students will be facilitated with the following perks, which are covered within the total fee you pay at the time of enrollment:

• PDFs of the prescribed texts taught in the course • Each tutorial will be followed and preceded by a doubt-clarification session.

• In this course, in addition to the thematic concerns and key works of each literary period, we will also discuss in detail the probable MCQ questions that can be asked for each age.

• Each student attending the class will be asked to attempt an essay of 500 words on the texts taught for the reflective essay portion of Jamia's M.A. English Entrance Exam. Our team will evaluate this essay assignment and reviews will be offered in the next class or personally through email.

• We will also guide you in constructing an argument, citing the authors and their works, and developing your ideas into critical and reflective essays.

• Additional readings, annotated readings, unpublished essays, and reviews of some of the essays will also be offered along with the primary texts.

• Though many standard textbooks cover the entire extent of the History of English Literature, we recommend "The Routledge History of Literature in English", 3rd ed. by Ronald Carter and John McRae, 2021. for our classes. It is also the recommended reading in Jamia's official syllabus for both B.A. and M.A.

• Note: The timings for the classes are adjustable. The class decides on the timings once the students have paid their fees and have been added to the official WhatsApp group. After a discussion between the teacher and the students, we agreed on a time which is comfortable for everyone.

This is a literary analysis of the Emily St. Michael Mandel novel, "Station Eleven". The analysis primarily focuses on character analysis, how different key characters handled the aftermath of the collapse following the pandemic. Their reactions is taken as typological how people cope up with the sudden collapse of the familiar world around them.

The utilization of information and communication technologies (ICTs) has significantly transformed the education sector by introducing modifications to the execution of diverse educational endeavors. An expanding number of business programs are integrating online and blended learning approaches into their undergraduate, graduate, and executive education programs as a means to address the changing needs of students. The objectives of the study were to find out the effects of online learning on the performance of business students. The qualitative descriptive method was incorporated into the design of this study. Students who were enrolled in the business education program at one of the public institutions in Lahore constituted the participants of this research. The dependent variable was the performance of business pupils, while the independent variable was online education. A structured interview was employed as the instrument for gathering data. The researcher gathered data via in-person visits. Prior to data collection, participants were informed of the purpose of the study through prior appointments, and the confidentiality of their responses was guaranteed. Thematic analysis was employed to examine the data. Results of the study shows that online education has both positive and negative impacts on business education. Moreover, study found some strategies to mitigate the problems during online learning of business students. Ina addition study has some implications for future researches.

s historical novel That Deadman Dance (first published in 2010) is a challenging read, offering a complex portrayal of cross-cultural contact on the so-called 'Friendly Frontier' of the southern coast of Western Australia in the early to mid-nineteenth century. Not only is the novel confronting in its subject matter, it is also what Derek Attridge might describe as 'serious literature' (The Singularity of Literature 35-44), in the sense that it is both innovative and singular: it jumps around chronologically, shifts narrative perspectives, and moves between different states of consciousness. In this way, at least aesthetically, we might call it an archetypal postcolonial novel (see Carter, 'After Postcolonialism').

Romance is the properly dialectical genre. Not tragedy! Fredric Jameson's thinking about romance in the Political Unconscious is indebted to Northrop Frye who named this genre "dialectical." Jameson accepts this definition. Romance, after Jameson, lends itself to both critique and to the imagining of alternative futures–what, in other words, we may name "committed criticism" contra the silly and stupid diversions of post-critique.

Hegel offers a philosophy of the concept that is also, unwittingly, a philosophy of the figure, a demonstration of conceptuality by other means. Neither images nor symbols, Hegel’s figures—primarily, circles—initiate and image the movement of thought. This paper discusses the (new) meaning of Hegel's "circle of circles," a figure that he (unintentionally) uses to describe the totality that is his philosophical system.

This article investigates the emergence, the significance, and the purpose of a characterizing contemporary narrative structure, which I term ‘the second-hand story’. Updating the longstanding tradition of the reported tale, second-hand stories pivot on the figure of a narrator who listens to and reports other people’s stories. Since at least the 1980s, several examples of this form can be found in contemporary Western literature (Philip Roth, W. G. Sebald). Yet equally significant cases can also be found in Italian contemporary literature, from Antonio Tabucchi’s Tristano muore (2004) to Walter Siti’s latest works. Problematizing and extending the notion of testimony, I argue that the narrator in these narratives can be described as a witness. Both involved and detached, such a narrator attempts to mediate between their own subjectivity and that of the one whose story is being told, envisaging the emergence of a relational paradigm in contemporary Italian literature.