Growth curve establishment of Cratylia argentea for harvest timing

Journal of Tropical Biology & Conservation (JTBC)

Crassocephalum crepidioides (Benth.) S. Moore is a plant consumed as a green leaf vegetable in several regions of Benin. But the species is still not domesticated and is harvested from wild according to the seasons. The plant remains as an undervalued food plant in Benin. This study aims to find the optimal conditions for nursery production of this species for its better valorization and domestication in order to contribute towards reducing food insecurity. We tested seed germination capacity and seedling growth of C. crepidioides in a nursery. We used cow dung and poultry manure to fertilize the transplanting board before transplanting seedlings from the seedbed whereas control plots were kept without fertilization. In addition, we tested shade impact on seedlings considering two variants (under shade and out of shade). Seedlings were transplanted in the following three spacings (20x20 cm, 30x30 cm and 40x40 cm). We used two water doses (22 liters/day and 44 liters/day) to water ea...

Scientia Horticulturae, 2019

Chia is a subtropical crop which recently reinforced its commercial value due to the high proportion of omega-3 in their grains. Although the growing demand for this crop, there is not a standardized scale to be used as a criterion to quantify their phenology. The aim of this study was to apply the Biologische Bundesanstalt, Bundessortenamt and Chemical Industry (BBCH) system to chia in order to develop a phenological scale which quantify the phenology of this underutilized crop. Eight principal growth stages were described: germination (0), leaf appearance (1), shoot appearance (2), verticillaster growth (5), flowering (6), fruit changes (7), ripening (8), and senescence (9). Critical crop stages which should be considered for management practices are cotyledons emerged through soil surface (09) and full flowering (65). In the first, timely crop operations could implicate a good stand of plants, whereas in the latter a high grain set. Growers, researchers, and breeders aimed to introduce this crop into new areas of cultivation could benefit from using the scale developed here in order to match critical growth stages of this crop with favorable environmental conditions.

Téc Pecu …, 2003

El objetivo del trabajo fue determinar la densidad óptima de plantas y la frecuencia de corte para obtener la mayor producción de forraje de Cratylia argentea. Se evaluaron tres frecuencias de corte, 60, 90 y 120 días y tres densidades de siembra: 6,666, 10,000 y 20,000 plantas ha-1 , bajo un diseńo factorial 3x3. Las variables estudiadas fueron: producción de materia seca (MS), tasa de crecimiento (TC), porcentaje de material consumible (MC), altura de planta, número de tallos basales (TB) y diámetro de tallos. La información se sometió a análisis de varianza y comparación de medias con la prueba de Tukey. En lo que respecta a MS, se obtuvieron diferencias (P<0.05) para densidad y frecuencia de corte, con rendimientos de 5,419, 6,740 y 9,095 kg-1

Pastos y Forrajes, 2020

Objective: To evaluate the effect of organic fertilization on morphological and agronomic indicators of two varieties of Manihot esculenta Crantz. Materials and Methods: In 2019 a trial was conducted during nine months with two varieties of M. esculenta (INIVIT Y93-4 and Senorita). A randomized block experimental design was applied, with four treatments and three replicas: T1 control-mineral fertilization, T2-fertilization with 700 g/plant of enriched biochar, T3-fertilization with 700 g/plant of compost and T4-fertilization with 350 g of enriched biochar + 350 g of compost/plant. Morphological and agricultural yield variables were measured. Variance analysis and mean comparison through Duncan’s test (p ≤ 0,05) were carried out. Results: During the 150 days of study, the morphological variables height and stem diameter, associated to the growth of M. esculenta in the varieties INIVIT Y93-4 and Senorita, did not show significant differences with regards to the control due to the effe...

Food Agric. Environ, 2009

Garden cress (Lepidium sativum L.) has become a new leafy vegetable for the fresh-cut sector. The objective of this work was to study the effects of harvest handling practices (packaged immediately after harvest, S 0 ; packaged after 1 h of storage at 28°C, S 1 ) and storage conditions (light; dark) on the physiology and quality of minimally processed garden cress stored at 4°C for five days. Phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (POD) activity, pigments, ascorbic acid (AA) and dehydroascorbic acid (DHA), total phenolics (TP) content, and antioxidant capacity (AC) were analyzed at pre-processing and at 1, 3 and 5 days after packaging. Fresh weight (FW) loss during shelf-life was measured daily. The S 1 harvest handling practice significantly influenced the pigments content which decreased over time, thus highlighting the importance of starting the cold chain as early as possible. PAL changed significantly over time, increased rapidly by 24.5% one day of shelf-life and then leveled off. At preprocessing, the PPO was higher in the S 1 samples than in the S 0 samples, indicating that the S 1 treatment could have induced PPO activity. PPO increased more over time under light than under dark conditions. POD was significantly influenced by both the harvest handling technique and the storage condition over time. POD was higher in the S 1 samples than in the S 0 samples (4.792 and 3.742 ±0.268 ∆A λ min -1 g -1 FW, respectively). It increased over time and reached a maximum value earlier under dark than under light conditions. The harvest handling technique significantly influenced the AA and DHA content over time. The S 1 treatment caused ca 13% loss in AA before packaging. AA decreased and DHA increased during shelf-life. The TP content was significantly influenced by the interaction between the harvest handling technique and storage condition over time. The greatest TP content increase was measured in the S 0 samples and in particular in samples stored under light conditions (33.5%). The AC significantly changed over time. Like TP, the AC increased from pre-processing to the first day of shelf-life, and then started to gradually decrease, reaching a reduction of 16.0% of the initial value after five days. The fresh weight loss was minimal (0.21%) at the end of shelf-life. An efficient and rapid harvest handling and storage implementation proved fundamental to reduce quality deterioration during shelf-life.

Téc Pecu …, 2004

2015

This work studied the growth of basil plants and the effect of successive cuts on the total yield and quality of the essential oil, throughout the crop cycle. Steady increases were observed in the dry weight of the aerial part and in the essential oil yield, during the cultivation cycle. Intensive cultivation and successive cuts could improve the agronomical and industrial yield in each harvest.Esta pesquisa visou estudar o crescimento de plantas de manjericão e o efeito de cortes sucessivos sobre a produção e qualidade do óleo essencial ao longo do ciclo. Observou-se aumento na massa seca da parte aérea e na produção de óleo essencial ao longo do ciclo de cultivo. O cultivo do manjericão submetido a cortes sucessivos pode aumentar a produção do óleo em cada colheita.38538

his study aimed to investigate the effect of seasonal variation on secondary metabolites and the nutritive value of Crotalaria aegyptiaca Benth., family Leguminosae, collected from Wadi Hagul at 15km from the beginning of the Wadi during winter and summer seasons.

Revista Ciencia Agronomica

This work aimed to evaluate the performance of six genotypes of sunflower under two spatial distributions between plant rows, and verify the cause effect relation between growth features. The experiment was carried at experimental area of Federal Technological University of Paraná (Campus Dois Vizinhos), evaluating six sunflower cultivars and two spatial distributions (40 and 80 cm between rows), remaining the total plant population similar, 55.000 plants by hectare. It was performed a path analysis, identifying the features that have most influence on sunflower grain yield and one hundred grain weight, also multiple regression analysis was used to estimate the equation for grain yield and one hundred grain weight. It was verified that sunflower genotypes do not present different performances under the evaluated spatial distributions, however, the genotypes showed to be significantly different for most of the features evaluated. Direct effect under grain yield was observed for the features number of plants and stem diameter at 15 days, while the indirect effects were observed for plant stature via stem diameter, both at 15 days. For the feature one hundred grain weight it was verified that only plant stature at 90 days promoted a direct effect, but negative.

African journal of agricultural research

Field experiment were conducted during rainy (kharif) season of 2009 and 2010 to study the effects of various spacing and topping practices on growth and seed yield of sunnhemp. Spacing (30 × 10 cm, 30 × 20 cm, 45 × 10 cm and 45 × 20 cm) in main plots and topping (no topping, topping at 30 days after sowing and topping at 45 days after sowing) in sub plots were studied in split plot design with three replications. The individual plant performance with respect to plant height, basal diameter, dry matter accumulation, number of branches and yield attributes was found maximum under the spacing of 45 × 20 cm whereas total biomass and seed yield per unit area was obtained highest with the spacing of 30 × 10 cm. Topping at 30 days after sowing gave higher yield attributes and seed yield being at par with topping at 45 days after sowing. Thus sunnhemp grown at the spacing of 30 × 10 cm coupled with topping at 30 days after sowing realized higher yield.

Acta horticulturae, 2012

Carrot-seed quality was evaluated depending upon the order of umbel from which they were obtained and the time of harvest. Harvest was set up as early, medium, and late in coincidence with maturity of seeds on primary, secondary, and tertiary umbels respectively. The cultivars 'Criolla INTA', obtained by mass selection from local carrot populations of Argentina, and a selected type of 'Danvers', a standard cultivar used in industrial processing, were evaluated. The trial was performed at the La Consulta Experimental Station, INTA, Mendoza, Argentina (lat 33º45'S, long. 69º02'W). Harvesting was done by hand with umbels subsequently dried in the dark, then threshed and the seeds ventilated. Samples were analyzed for the germination percentage, weight of a thousand seeds, conductivity and percentage of emergence in the field. Seeds from tertiary umbels harvested at the earliest date showed minor germination percentage, vigor and emergence as compared to the remaining collections. The quality of seeds harvested in bulk, however, was not significantly affected by the harvest date. Germination percentage of bulk seeds was 92 and 91% for 'Criolla INTA' and 'Danvers', respectively. Analysis of conductivity was correlated with emergence in the field and the number of normal plantlets observed at 7 d for both cultivars. The emergence was higher at a medium and late stage of maturity for both cultivars. Yield differences were observed between the second and third dates of harvest, with yield diminished by 19% in 'Criolla INTA', but 52% in 'Danvers'. Recommendations are for harvesting seeds at an intermediate date, considering the maturity of second-order umbels where the major yield is observed, and the total quality of the seeds was not affected.

Semina: Ciências Agrárias

Understanding the influence of row spacing and plant density on grain yield and yield components of crambe is critical in order to obtain higher grain yields. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of row spacing and plant density on grain yield and its components in crambe in two distinct regions of Brazil (Marechal Candido Rondon-PR, MCR-PR, and Botucatu-SP, BTU-SP). Narrow and wide row spacing (0.20 and 0.40 m) combined with four plant densities (15, 25, 35, and 45 plants m-1) were evaluated in a randomized block layout with four replications in a 2 × 4 factorial design. The experiment at BTU-SP was run under rainfed conditions with supplementary irrigation, whereas the experiment at MCR-PR was run under rainfed conditions without supplementary irrigation. Both experiments were run in soils classified as Oxisols. There was no interaction between row spacing and plant density. Highest grain yield with supplementary irrigation was observed at 0.20 m row ...

Asian Journal of Research in Crop Science

Aims: Ecologically-based agriculture is widely applied by family farmers who grow vegetables in the semi-arid region, contributing to a great extent to the increase in production. Place of Study: The experiment was carried out at the Rafael Fernandes Experimental Farm, belonging to the Universidade Federal Rural do Semiárido-UFERSA, with geographic coordinates of 5o03&#39;37”S and 37o23&#39;50”W Gr, with an altitude of 72 m, with the objective of agronomic efficiency of hairy woodrose (Merremia aegyptia L.) mixed with cattle manure in the productivity of coriander cultivars in the semiarid region of Brazil. Study Design and Methodology: The experimental design used was complete randomized blocks in a 5 x 3 factorial scheme, with three replications. The first factor consisted of four amounts of the mixture of hairy woodrose plus cattle manure (0; 1.0; 2.0; 3.0 and 4.0 kg m-2 of bed) and the second factor consisted of three cultivars of coriander (verdão, Super-verdão and tabocas) in...

Phytochemical Analysis, 2011

Introduction-Studying local plant foods is of particular interest as they often contain 17 high amounts of bioactive compounds. Furthermore, their nutritional and medicinal 18 impact must be documented and supported with scientific studies. Crataegus monogyna 19 is an example of "functional food" traditionally used all over South European countries. 20 Objective-A complete chemical and bioactive characterization of flower buds, flowers, 21 unripe, ripened and over ripened fruits was performed. 22 Methodology-Chemical characterization included determination of proteins, fats, ash, 23 and carbohydrates, particularly sugars by HPLC-RI, fatty acids by GC-FID, tocopherols 24 by HPLC-fluorescence, phenolics, flavonoids, β-carotene and ascorbic acid, by 25 spectrophotometric techniques. Bioactivity was evaluated through screening of 26 antioxidant properties: radical scavenging effects, reducing power, and inhibition of 27 lipid peroxidation.

Revista mexicana de …, 2010

El objetivo del estudio fue generar conocimientos de parámetros de características agronómicas y nutricionales de variedades de maíz, sorgo forrajero y cereales de invierno. Se realizaron tres experimentos para evaluar 21 variedades de maíz a 100,000 plantas ha-1 , 200-80-00 de N-P-K y cosecha a 1/3 de línea de leche en el grano, 19 variedades de sorgo sembradas con 12 kg ha-1 de semilla comercial, 200-80-00 de N-P-K y cosecha en lechoso-masoso, y 12 variedades de cereales de invierno con densidad de siembra de 150 kg ha-1 de semilla comercial, 160-00-00 de N-P-K, y cosecha en estado lechoso-masoso. Los diseños experimentales fueron bloques al azar con cuatro repeticiones. Se evaluó producción de materia seca por hectárea (PMS), porcentaje de mazorca (PMZ), panoja (PP), proteína cruda (PC), fibra detergente neutro (FDN), fibra detergente ácido (FDA), lignina, digestibilidad in vitro (DIV), energía neta de lactancia (ENl) y digestibilidad de la fibra detergente neutro (DFDN). Se utilizó análisis de varianza, estadística descriptiva y correlación.