Forensic Archaeology

Coral atolls have been considered the most precarious landforms thus having an extremely severe environment for human settlements in the Oceanic realm. It appears that atoll islets of foraminiferal sand and coral shingle accumulated on reef flats are considerably weaker than high islands with regard to sea-level change and climatic fluctuation, but there also seems to be variety to their vulnerability. In fact our excavation on Laura, the largest and widest islet in Majuro atoll, Marshall Islands, has revealed that its earliest colonization surprisingly dated back to 2,000 BP, and agricultural pits for cultivation of aroid species -probably Cyrtosperma -were constructed some centuries later at the least, while a smaller islet shows a much younger age of 360 BP. The long-lasting landscape of pit agriculture comprising remarkable undulation and rich vegetation, which appears to be the richest and most diverse part of the present atoll environment, can be viewed as a symbol indicating the islets are in good condition in aspects of both land formation and human subsistence. Here, we will discuss this landscape as a historical product invented through the entanglement between two agencies, nature and human. Understanding this will be also helpful in framing policies regarding anticipated sea-level rising in the future.

En el 2022, como parte del proyecto de extensión «Plataforma de formación integral en torno a la construcción del Sitio de Memoria La Tablada», se estableció la primera aula universitaria del país en un espacio represivo de la dictadura, declarado como sitio de memoria en el 2019. La Tablada, con su significativo trasfondo histórico como principal mercado ganadero del país y también como sitio de reclusión, representa una narrativa de horror, violencia y confinamiento. En esta historia sobresale el establecimiento de un centro clandestino de desaparición y tortura entre 1977 y 1984 —motivo por el cual se declara como sitio de memoria— y las sucesivas instalaciones de cárceles durante el período democrático. El artículo detalla la experiencia de la plataforma de formación integral, que incluye la creación del Aula Abierta y la organización del seminario Memoria, Territorio e Integralidad, en el que participaron estudiantes de diversas facultades de la Universidad de la República: Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación, Facultad de Arquitectura, Diseño y Urbanismo, Facultad de Psicología, Facultad de Información y Comunicación y Facultad de Artes. El Aula Abierta es concebida como un punto de encuentro entre la comunidad universitaria y las comunidades que respaldan y contribuyen al desarrollo del Sitio de Memoria La Tablada, este espacio fomenta el intercambio de conocimientos y prácticas formativas integrales. Precediendo a esta descripción, el artículo ofrece un contexto sobre la génesis del Sitio de Memoria La Tablada y resalta la labor de extensión llevada a cabo por el grupo interdisciplinario Espacialidad y Memoria en colaboración con los distintos colectivos que conforman su comisión. Concluye reflexionando sobre la relevancia del enfoque interdisciplinario y la formación integral en el abordaje de temáticas sensibles como estas, particularmente en los procesos de acompañamiento en la construcción de sitios de memoria.

México enfrenta un momento histórico altamente violento, caracterizado entre muchas cosas por los altos índices de desaparición de personas; ninguna familia está exenta de esta atrocidad, se vuelve una necesidad para las Instituciones Judiciales establecer estrategias y lineamientos para intervenir y disminuir esta problemática. A lo largo del territorio nacional frecuentemente se reportan hallazgos de cadáveres depositados clandestinamente, los cuales son difícilmente identificados, ya sea por las condiciones en las que se encuentran o el nivel de violencia ejercido a los restos. Si se considera que el derecho a la identidad y a la individualización es mundialmente reconocido, se puede decir que privar a cualquier humano de esto es un acto de violencia en diversos niveles, entre ellos el psicológico para el circulo afectivo inmediato y cercano, delito que debe ser 1 Licenciada en Antropología con Especialidad en Arqueología por la UAZ -2006 con la tesis "Un acercamiento a las estrategias militares en el sitio arqueológico El Tuiche, durante el virreinato temprano". Maestra en Arqueología por el Centro de Estudios Arqueológicos del COLMICH 2009, con la tesis "De como los puercos hicieron importante a La Piedad, Michoacán". Doctora en Historia por la Unidad Académica de Historia de la UAZ -2016, con la tesis "La horticultura en Zacatecas y Guadalupe: una visión arqueo histórica. Licenciada en Gestión Cultural en la UdeG. Post doctorado en Arqueología en Centro de Estudios Arqueológicos -COLMICH con la Investigación "Volver a lo verde" enfoque desde la economía ecológica. Ha trabajado en investigaciones históricas y arqueológicas en diferentes estados de la república, así como participado en foros de difusión y divulgación nacionales e internacionales, tanto vía oral como por medios escritos. Ha participado en espacios abiertos de divulgación como rockanrolera.com con arqueología de la música y en radio y televisión pública con capsulas sobre temas de arqueología. Trabaja las líneas temáticas de arqueología histórica, industrial, económica, militar, forense, etnobotánica, modos de vida, patrimonio, paisaje y colonial. Ha colaborado en la

Resumen -El mundo cambia todos los días y con él sus interacciones, sus necesidades y las formas en que convivimos. En la actualidad, los índices crecientes de delincuencia, de violencia y de personas desaparecidas en el mundo demandan la intervención no sólo de las instituciones judiciales sino de toda la sociedad. La academia cuenta con los recursos intelectuales y prácticos para generar estrategias que contribuyan a la construcción de sociedades más justas y armoniosas. La Arqueología es una disciplina especializada en la lectura de contextos y el análisis de cultura material que ha contribuido a la reconstrucción de la memoria social de muchos países fortaleciendo vínculos de identidad, valiéndose de esta experticia y respondiendo a la demanda de profesionistas capacitados en la intervención, registro e interpretación de contextos forenses en donde se busca romper la armonía y memoria social, es necesario crear un plan de acción para poder buscar vías para disminuir el impacto de la ruptura. Un laboratorio de investigación, experimentación y entrenamiento en ciencias forenses puede contribuir a la formación de profesionales con una visión crítica y diversificada que expanda las posibilidades de información que un contexto les ofrece y de las estrategias que pueden emplearse para destacar los detalles que lo conforman. Este espacio puede ser no sólo de formación para las nuevas generaciones de arqueólogos o peritos forenses, sino para la capacitación de los que ya se encuentran en función, para tener fuentes de consulta con datos verificables y certeros sobre los procesos que se dan en torno a diferentes escenas y que con base a esto se puedan cotejar o comparar registros para esclarecer algunos detalles sobre procesos penales aún abiertos y sin aparente solución. Es a través de la experimentación que se aprende y es también por medio de ésta que se perfecciona y especializa en alguna habilidad, si bien con las muestras derivadas de proceso penales no se puede experimentar por las implicaciones legales, se propone que en el Laboratorio de Investigación, Experimentación y Entrenamiento en Ciencias Forenses se puedan recrear situaciones específicas para registrar y validar sus procesos para de esta forma construir argumentos sólidos sobre un hecho.

At 33 squirrels, the Furzey squirrel population was much larger than in recent years, recovering from the very low in population of 20 in 2003. Survival in 2006 was average for fully grown squirrels (adults and yearlings) compared with median values for 1987-2006, and was unusually high for juveniles (Table ).

Se presenta un nuevo método para la identificación humana por medio de análisis de imágenes y superposición fotográfica. Se discuten las ventajas que aporta la incorporación de imágenes tridimensionales del cráneo, ya que, por un lado, facilitan la superposición y por otro, eliminan errores de escalado al estar el modelo 3D a tamaño real. Este trabajo se ha desarrollado por un equipo interdisciplinar y su objetivo fundamental es proporcionar una herramienta semiautomática de identificación humana, basada en el reconocimiento craneofacial. Palabras clave: Identificación humana, Superposición de imágenes, Análisis tridimensional.

The study of cremations in archaeology has presented significant challenges, particularly when examining the diverse burning conditions that can affect the combustion of the human body. The application of modern experimental methods can enhance our understanding of the use and technology of fire in the manipulation of skeletal remains. In the context of the TEFRA project, two burning events were conducted in Crete (one outdoor and one furnace pyre) involving the incineration of animal carcasses and skeletal remains in different stages of decomposition until complete calcination. In the open fire experiment, dry olive wood was used as fuel without any artificial intervention, while in the furnace experiment, the same wood was burned but a flame-torch was used as a booster at the beginning of the process. This paper presents an attempt to comprehend different burning dynamics through the recognition of external and internal factors that can influence fire intensity. The key results can be summarized as follows: (a) stable high temperatures can be achieved for many hours in both open (up to 1016.8 • C) and close-type (up to 862 • C) pyres involving the combustion of olive wood as a fuel; (b) the burning environment can affect the time necessary until the calcination of the skeleton, regardless of its stage of decomposition; (c) outdoor pyres are susceptible to external environmental factors such as weather, humidity, and wind intensity, which can result in greater temperature fluctuations; (d) increased personal presence and basic pyrotechnical knowledge are essential for any burning event, including the selection of appropriate fuel, the construction of an effective pyre, and the management of the fire during the burning process.

Age at death is one of the key elements of the "biological profile" prepared when analysing unidentified human remains. Biological age is determined according to physiological indicators and developmental stage, which can be determined by bone assessment. It is worth remembering that the researcher must interpret each case individually and in accordance with the current state of knowledge. One of the most developed tools for analysing human remains is postmortem computed tomography. This allows for the visualization not only of bones without maceration but also of the entire body under various altered states, including corpses in advanced stages of decomposition and burnt bodies. The aim of this review is to present the current methods for age estimation based on postmortem computed tomography evaluation, comparing the results presented in 18 research projects published between 2013 and 2023 on foetuses, children, and adults from contemporary populations. Recent literature includes assessment of bones and characteristics such as skulls, teeth, vertebrae, pelvises, and long bones to estimate age at death. We cover the methods used in this recent literature, including machine learning, and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of them. Key points • Postmortem computed tomography allows the analysis of several areas of the body at the same time, which may not be possible in the case of clinical trials (where the examination area should be limited). • Postmortem computed tomography may enable the collection of data from people whose clinical examinations are relatively rare (e.g., pregnant women, children). • Artificial intelligence should increasingly be used in studies on age estimation. • Further research on modern populations is necessary to verify and refine the methods used to estimate age at death.

The 15th century Inuit mummies excavated at Qilakitsoq in Greenland in 1978 were exceptionally well preserved and represent the largest find of naturally mummified specimens from the Arctic. The estimated ages of the individuals, their distribution between two adjacent graves, the results of tissue typing, and incomplete STR results led researchers to conclude that the eight mummies formed two distinct family groups: A grandmother (I/5), two daughters (I/3, I/4), and their two children (I/1, I/2) in one grave, and two sisters (II/6, II/8) and a daughter (II/7) of one of them in the other. Using mtDNA from hair and nail, we have reanalyzed the mummies. The results allowed the unambiguous assignment of each of the mummies to one of three mtDNA haplogroups: A2b (I/5); A2a (I/2, I/3, II/6, II/8); A2a‐311 (I/1, I/4, II/7), excluded some of the previous relations, and pointed to new ones. I/5 is not the grandmother/mother of the individuals in Grave I, and she is not maternally related to...

con la palabra clave antropología forense para el periodo 1948 a 2016, por continente, por país y por área, con el propósito de vislumbrar el contexto del desenvolvimiento de la antropología en el ámbito forense e incentivar la reconfiguración de un concepto integral con los aportes realizados desde los métodos y técnicas de cada subdisciplina antropológica. palabRas clave: antropología forense, antropología legal, antropología jurídica, Latinoamérica, arqueología forense, lingüística forense.

Copia privada. Exclusiva para procedimientos administrativos. ¿Dignificar a los muertos o legalizar la muerte? Ambigüedades de las exhumaciones en el Perú Dorothée Delacroix 68 Introducción 68 ¿Dignificación o profanación? 73 ¿Reactualización de una histórica discriminación? 80 Lista de referencias 83 ¿Silenciar o despertar a la muerte? Exhumaciones en los cementerios de Colombia Laura Langa Martínez 85 Aperturas etnográficas 86 Cómo caminar el texto... 89 Palabras de contexto: Colombia, exhumar desde la "ilusión transicional continua" 89 Estado del Cementerio Universal de Medellín 96 Etnografía de una interacción: exhumación judicializada. Medellín-junio de 2017 100 Palabras que concluyen: Hagamos ruido donde antes hubo silencio, despertemos a la muerte.

The excavated human remains consist of a few poorly preserved bones from the Ottoman period. They were recovered in Area D, in the mostly sterile layer of fine sand (Stratum I; see Chapter 16) that overlay the Crusader-period remains. 1 The bones were reburied following their examination. The finds include fragments of cranial and postcranial bones, representing at least five individuals: 1. Child. Undetermined age. Represented by bones of small proportions and unfused epiphyses. 2. Adult. Fragmentary frontal bone, showing a shallow glabella and supraorbital ridges, indicative of a female (see Bass 2005:82). Tooth attrition suggests an age of 17-18 years (Hillson 1986:176-201). 3. Adult Male. The sex of this individual was determined based on the following measurements (see Bass 2005): the diameter of the proximal head of the humerus (46.5 mm), the epicondylar width (66 mm) and the vertical diameter of the proximal head of the femur (48 mm). This identification is also suggested by the general pelvic morphology. An age estimation of 18-22 years is based on the stage of epiphyseal closure of the proximal humerus (Johnston and Zimmer 1989) and on the state of tooth attrition (Hillson 1986:176-201). This is in agreement with observations on the state of the symphysis pubis of the pelvis, indicating an age of 19-20 years (see Brooks and Suchey 1990). 4. Adult. This individual is represented by a lower jaw fragment with slight tooth wear, suggesting an age of 20-30 years. 5. Adult. This individual is represented by a lower jaw fragment with advanced tooth wear, suggesting an age of <45 years.

This synthesis provides a critical review of a range of my publications representing research themes that evolved over 30 years of academic training and academic and professional archaeological practice. Archaeologists are now employed routinely in investigations that anticipate scrutiny by the discipline, authorities, funders, media and communities. Excavation methods are expected to pass criteria for admissibility of evidence in legal settings. This places an obligation on demonstrating work meets required benchmarks, that archaeologists must define and document, justifying what was done during an excavation and how it was done. This is not a process that for many is habitually undertaken. I developed my research over time through observation, experiment and applied science in professional practice, evolving from examining the questions of how archaeologists excavate and how excavations are delivered. Firstly, I began critical evaluation of excavation methods and their application...

Queridxs amigxs y colegas, “Violencias entrelazadas en América Latina” es la nueva convocatoria de Antípoda. Revista de Antropología y Arqueología. Bienvenidxs a participar y a compartir. El envío de artículos, artículos visuales y reseñas será entre el 1 de mayo y el 1 junio de 2025.

There is limited scientific literature describing forensic recovery operations in a maritime context, both underwater and coastal as it is not always possible to authorize the publication of such material which is sensitive both to the victims and their surviving families. Recent scholarly work recognises that materials recovered from marine settings require conservation processes and consolidation treatments, which can interfere with pathological, traumatic, and taphonomic evidence associated with human remains. I performed a systematic review of conservation and consolidation methods concerning organic material, specifically focusing on skeletal remains recovered in an aquatic environment. These were complemented by 50+ cases of human skeletal remains recovered in a waterlogged or foreshore environment and include both forensic and historic remains. Following that, I produced nuanced tabular data concerning the recovery context (historic vs. forensic remains), environment (submerged vs. foreshore), water conditions (saltwater vs. freshwater), consolidation and conservation methods used, and relevant references. The collected information demonstrated the preference to use less invasive methods. This allowed me to discuss possible solutions concerning the on-site treatment of the remains, transportation medium and conditions, conservation, consolidation, and restoration methods which will not compromise the remains prior forensic analyses, and post-forensic analyses storage conditions. This study has not been attempted before and aims to create a bridge from forensics into conservation of maritime finds which currently does not exist. Moreover, it will provide forensic practitioners with a basis to explore the featured cases, conservation methods and materials used, and push scientific boundaries further.

Este artículo es un ejercicio exploratorio sobre el surgimiento del campo laboral de la antropología forense en el marco de la expansión de la violencia del narcotráfico en México. Primero, analizamos la emergencia forense en México y, mediante la comparación entre México y Colombia, observamos el papel de la arqueología en las investigaciones legales. A continuación, a partir de dos carpetas de investigación de rastreo y de una encuesta a diez arqueólogos y arqueólogas, exploramos las circunstancias laborales y los desafíos que enfrentan quienes se desempeñan en el campo forense. Finalmente, planteamos la necesidad de seguir integrando a especialistas en los equipos forenses multidisciplinarios en concordancia con las experiencias de otros países que transitaron por procesos similares.

The call for papers for our session at the 31st EAA Annual Meeting in Belgrade, Serbia 3-6 September 2025 is open until 6 February: Session #20 "Material traces of totalitarian and dictatorial regimes in the 20th century hidden past"
The overall objective of this session is to reflect on the relevance of archaeology in the study of the repression and violence used against specific political, gender and ethnic groups of society during the contemporary era. The session is open to contributions regarding theoretical, methodological, archaeometry, forensic and digital humanities studies. Submissions by https://submissions.e-a-a.org/eaa2025.

ließen bereits die geophysikalischen Untersuchungen vor Beginn der Schachtarbeiten erkennen. Die St.-Petri-Kirche ist durch Schriftquellen seit dem Mittelalter belegt und während ihrer mehr als 700jährigen Geschichte wenigstens fünfmal um-bzw. neu gebaut worden. Seit sie im Jahr 1964 von der Erdoberfläche verschwand, entfiel sie auch dem allgemeinen Stadtgedächtnis. So war die Überraschung der Bürger und der Presse groß, als der alte Standort durch die Ausgrabungen wieder sichtbar gemacht wurde. Dass sich an und unter einer der meist befahrenen Straßen Berlins das Zentrum einer mittelalterlichen Stadt befand, löste Faszination und Bewunderung aus. Schnell wurde der Wunsch der Bürger nach einer Erhaltung der historischen Relikte deutlich. Auf den ausgegrabenen Grundmauern der Cöllnischen Lateinschule soll nunmehr ein Historisches Besucherzentrum entstehen, dessen Aufgabe es sein wird, die Berliner und ihre Gäste mit der Geschichte dieses alten Platzes vertraut zu machen. Darüber hinaus soll es Funde und Erkenntnisse aus innerstädtischen Ausgrabungen zeitgemäß präsentieren, um den archäologisch-historischen Diskurs zur Geschichte und zur Veränderung unserer Stadt zu befördern.

El artículo mencionado tiene como objetivo presentar y discutir la presencia de algunas alteraciones osteopatológicas identificadas durante el análisis del hueso de un individuo anciano, realizado en el sector de Antropología Forense (AF) de la coordinadora de Medicina Legal de Pefoce. El trabajo tiene como objetivo reunir datos para verificar y estudiar estas lesiones en huesos recientes y, a partir de ahí, utilizar los datos recogidos para discutir la presencia de estos mismos tipos de patologías en huesos antiguos, desde el punto de vista de la Bioarqueología y Arqueología Forense (ArqF). Los estudios de materiales osteológicos en el presente pueden proporcionar informaciones muy productivas para la comprensión de conjuntos óseos encontrados, por ejemplo, en contextos de excavaciones arqueológicas de diferentes etnias indígenas del nordeste de Brasil, como los cariris y los tupis. Los análisis se realizaron desde un punto de vista cualitativo y cuantitativo y examinaron huesos como el húmero, el cúbito, una escápula, vértebras cervicales, vértebras lumbares, una posible hernia discal lumbar, un fragmento de mandíbula y una costilla.
Palabras clave: Cambios osteopatológicos. Estudios de Antropología Forense y Bioarqueología. Huesos recientes y antiguos.

The authenticity of single seed vegetable oils which utilise the Cs photosynthetic pathway was investigated using gas chromatography-combustion-stable isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GC-C-SIRMS). Samples of authentic groundnut, palm, rapeseed and sunflower oils were derivatised to form fatty acid methyl esters (FAMES) and their carbon isotope ratios (r3C/r2C) determined. In-house reference materials (IHRMs) and internal standards were used routinely to monitor the extraction procedure and SIRMS measurement. These materials demonstrated the consistent performance of the technique. 613C% data for the authentic vegetable oil fatty acids fell into the narrow range of -27.6% to -32.1%. However, the values within the oil varieties considered were significantly different. The data from sunflower oils were such that they could be separated from the other varieties by canonical discriminant analysis. The determination of fatty acid carbon isotope ratios may therefore provide an additional indication of the varietal authenticity of oils which use the Cs photosynthetic pathway.

Kataklizm I wojny światowej odbierany jest w Polsce odmiennie niż w innych państwach, na których odcisnął swe piętno. Polacy należą do tych nielicznych narodowości, które uważają, że zawierucha wojenna w ostatecznym rozrachunku przyniosła im korzyść, a wszelkie koszty, straty i zniszczenia były ofiarą konieczną. Ofiarą wartą poniesienia dla odzyskania niepodległości po ponad 120 latach rozbiorów i serii okupionych represjami powstań przeciwko zaborcom. Ukonstytuowanie się nowego ładu Europy w 1918 roku jest dla Polski najważniejszym faktem historycznym ostatnich stuleci, którego nie są w stanie przyćmić ani okropności II wojny światowej, ani jej długofalowe skutki polityczne. Dlatego właśnie narodziny II Rzeczpospolitej zdominowały w rodzimej narracji historycznej opis przebiegu walk i tragedii tysięcy ludzi, którzy znaleźli się w strefie działań zbrojnych na froncie wschodnim, przebiegającym w części przez tereny naszego kraju. Opowiadając o tej wojnie, ilustrujemy ją przede wszyst...

[In Greek, History, historiography, cartography and forensic archaeology: the tools, actions and collaborations through the identification programmes for the 1974-war events victims]

The proclamation of Cyprus as an official state in 1960 is a milestone in the island's modern history. However, the resulting constitution contained provisions of a dichotomous nature which caused problems both for the smooth functioning of the state and for the peaceful coexistence of Greek Cypriots and Turkish Cypriots. The attempts at constitutional changes triggered a series of chain events that led to the intercommunal fighting of 1963-64, while the political, social, and military instability of the following decade culminated in the Turkish invasion of 1974. This study presents the methods and tools of history, historiography, and cartography, highlighting their positive contribution to forensic archaeology. Specifically, the authors analyse the aspects, methodological tools, and the contribution of historical, historiographical, and cartographic research to locating possible burial sites and the identification of victims. These are presented through case studies that fall within forensic archaeology, and are contrasted both within the framework of the humanitarian identification programme of the Republic of Cyprus and that of the Committee of Missing Persons in Cyprus. International experts who helped organize and consolidate these programmes highlighted these tools and ways of continuously strengthening these aspects, from the beginning of the first exhumations in 1999 until today. At the same time, it is noted that the operation of these programmes not only helps in the scientific verification of the identification of the remains, but through the historical background of their operation reaching to the present day, together with oral testimonies, they can function as a reference point for good practices (technical, and scientific approach methods) which similar foreign programmes implement.

Najważniejszym rezultatem badań terenowych zrealizowanych w 2023 roku w Miejscu Pamięci Narodowej w Łambinowicach było odnalezienie nieznanej i dotąd nieoznaczonej kwatery włoskich internowanych wojskowych, przetrzymywanych w Stalagu VIII B (344) Lamsdorf pod koniec II wojny światowej. Dokonane odkrycia pozwoliły na identyfikację ludzkich szczątków i ustalenie tożsamości dwóch włoskich żołnierzy – Giovanniego Paravidino oraz Luigiego Norcii.

Geophysical survey has become a major tool in the search for clandestine graves associated with missing person cases. However, relatively little research has been done to evaluate the efficacy of different instruments. Ground-penetrating Radar (GPR), magnetometry, resistivity, conductivity, and susceptibility survey data were collected over the first six months of interment at approximately 30-day intervals for two research plots: an open grassy area and a wooded area. Each area contained five pig burials representing toddler-size (less than 50 pounds) remains and two areas of disturbance or false burials to serve as control graves. The resultant imagery was evaluated in terms of relative utility in burial detection. In general, geophysical survey method results were not very effective in the detection of toddler-sized burials. Under the conditions that this research was conducted, the GPR would have had the maximum potential to provide the best survey results, but this was not the case. The GPR results were only marginally better than the other methods after processing with additional filters. The other methods utilized in this research would be of no benefit in delineating toddler-sized clandestine burials under the conditions that this research was conducted. This is most likely due to the small target size, soil type, and the soil moisture. iii DEDICATION This thesis is dedicated to my children, Ronnie and McKenzie Leanne. They have become my inspiration and provide hope...

Primo volume del manuale di storia svizzera dedicato alle allieve e agli allievi della Scuola secondaria di primo grado del Canton Ticino (Svizzera).
Maggiori informazioni sul portale dedicato: https://scuolalab.edu.ti.ch/temieprogetti/lasvizzeranellastoria

This paper presents a selection of case studies from Poland and England, showcasing the potential and limitations of 3D GPR prospecting for detecting historical and crime related burials. We also propose and present an innovative method of integrating and disseminating geophysical data using virtual 3D environments.

Colombia, Indonesia, Vietnam, Egypt, Turkey, and South Africa (CIVETS) have shaped their foreign economic policies in line with the Washington Consensus and have implemented strategies to attract foreign investment as a possible way out of the current nancial crisis. Once multilateral trade rules were agreed under the WTO, these countries revised their domestic trade policies in order to cope with both the organisational principles and the international investment standards promoted by international nancial institutions. Despite the fact that transnational economic groups have been focussing their attention on these 'new investment miracles' since the coining of the term CIVETS in 2009, the CIVETS governments have shown no interest in coordinating their foreign economic policies on investment issues. In this paper we argue that the emerging economies of CIVETS exemplify a case of unintended foreign economic policy convergence, facilitated by systemic causes. ese include their common need to overcome historic processes of adverse economic transition while getting inserted successfully into world trade; as well as domestic variables like the similar ideas of CIVETS policy makers.

Age-at-death estimation is a difficult task in fragmented or incomplete contexts. The generation and testing of methods are needed to identify their potential application in different types of osteological samples. This paper proposes a new method for age estimation using the first rib. Four hundred and fifteen individuals from the Coimbra Identified Skeletal Collections (Portugal) were studied; the sample was divided in two groups (reference and test samples), used to develop the procedure and to evaluate its reliability. The three rib joints and two variables (surface texture and topography, and periarticular margins and subsidence of the surface) were recorded. Statistical analyses were performed to test the procedure reproducibility, and side and sex variations. Posterior probabilities were calculated following Bayesian statistics and used to estimate the most likely age-at-death in the test sample. The results show the reproducibility of the method is adequate, left and right ribs can be indistinctly recorded, and both sexes show similar change patterns. The costal face and the head epiphyseal region offered satisfactory results and the percentages of correct estimations are greater for younger individuals, decreasing as ages-at-death are higher. This method is more effective among individuals in the 20–50 years cohort; nevertheless, it also offered satisfactory estimates in older ones. Overestimations in individuals younger than 40 years and underestimations in individuals older than 75 years were identified. In conclusion, the first rib offer adequate estimates when a basic probabilistic approach is chosen. Whenever possible, this proposal must be included in a multifactorial perspective with other age markers.

La Colectiva de Intervención Ante las Violencias (CIAV) es un grupo interdisciplinar feminista surgido en el año 2012 como consecuencia de dos problemáticas con grandes déficits de investigación: las violencias letales y la desaparición de personas.
Estas nuevas violencias tienen aristas disímiles que pueden analizarse, por ejemplo, desde la perspectiva de género, los procesos migratorios y los entramados territoriales. Conjuntamente, estas problemáticas se hallan entrelazadas con múltiples factores y contextos que requieren nuevas modalidades de trabajo e investigación.
Por ello, en este trabajo expondremos nuestro recorrido teórico y práctico, poniendo especial énfasis en la metodología y estrategias desarrolladas para abordar los diferentes casos a las que somos convocadas. Además, mencionaremos cómo, en base a nuestra experiencia, pretendemos desafiar los modelos tradicionales de investigación en antropología forense proponiendo nuevas formas de abordar los casos legales. Finalmente, reseñamos algunos casos en los que hemos intervenido,
aportando información detallada sobre las distintas estrategias utilizadas, y también presentamos nuevas líneas de investigación y proyectos de futuro.

Colombia, Indonesia, Vietnam, Egypt, Turkey, and South Africa (CIVETS) have shaped their foreign economic policies in line with the Washington Consensus and have implemented strategies to attract foreign investment as a possible way out of the current nancial crisis. Once multilateral trade rules were agreed under the WTO, these countries revised their domestic trade policies in order to cope with both the organisational principles and the international investment standards promoted by international nancial institutions. Despite the fact that transnational economic groups have been focussing their attention on these 'new investment miracles' since the coining of the term CIVETS in 2009, the CIVETS governments have shown no interest in coordinating their foreign economic policies on investment issues. In this paper we argue that the emerging economies of CIVETS exemplify a case of unintended foreign economic policy convergence, facilitated by systemic causes. ese include their common need to overcome historic processes of adverse economic transition while getting inserted successfully into world trade; as well as domestic variables like the similar ideas of CIVETS policy makers. Keywords: Foreign economic policies, CIVETS, convergence, emerging economies, foreign direct investment (FDI), negotiating strategies, free trade agreements (FTAs), bilateral investment treaties (BITs).

W polskim systemie medyczno-prawnym uczestnictwo lekarza dentysty w czynnościach zespołu opiniującego sprawy medyczno-sądowe jest okazjonalne i ogranicza się najczęściej do czynności biegłego powołanego w określonej sprawie. W przeciwieństwie do wielu innych krajów, w Polsce nie istnieje profesja odontologa sądowego, a lekarz dentysta uczestniczący w czynnościach zespołu medyczno-sądowego jest z reguły pracownikiem uniwersytetu lub innej jednostki współpracującej z zakładem medycyny sądowej. Z tego powodu nie zawsze ma odpowiednie doświadczenie niezbędne do podejmowanych czynności z zakresu odontologii sądowej, a jego zaangażowanie często wynika z zainteresowań pozaklinicznych. Do zadań lekarza dentysty pracującego w zespole medyczno-sądowym należą przede wszystkim: opiniowanie w sprawach cywilnych i karnych, identyfikacja szczątków ludzkich i ofiar katastrof na podstawie uzębienia, analiza śladów ugryzień oraz ocena wieku zębowego. Z dotychczasowego doświadczenia autorów wynika, że lekarz dentysta jest również niezbędny w celu odczytywania i interpretacji dokumentacji leczenia stomatologicznego wykorzystywanej w praktyce medyczno-sądowej.

mestre Julio (legal) dos grupos de estudo das disciplinas do programa de pós graduação em biologia buco dental, fizeram me entender o significado da expressão "lembranças para sempre". Pelos momentos de convívio, risos, trocas e afetos durante os jantares. Com muita saudade, obrigado. vii AGRADECIMENTOS ESPECIAIS Quero expressar meu sincero agradecimento as seguintes personagens da instituição, que contribuiu para a realização deste trabalho. Sou especialmente grato ao caro professor Dr. Paulo Henrique Ferreira Caria um amigo, educador, conhecedor da área de Morfologia, que abriu meu olhar para uma atuação compromissada, que se portou como só o fazem os mestres. Acreditando no meu trabalho, deu me a liberdade necessária dividindo comigo as expectativas, conduziu me a maiores reflexões e desta forma enriqueceu o. Também pela disseminação na difusão do conhecimento científico e da cultura, assim contribuindo na formação integral do homem, com valores éticos. Minha especial admiração eterna. Estendo meus agradecimentos ao professor Dr. Fausto Bérzin, pela participação e oportunidade, agradeço a paciência e incentivo. Minha dedicação e gratidão pela convivência cordial e amiga. Aos professores do Depto. de Morfologia e a todos os Professores da FOP/UNICAMP, sempre atenciosos, agradeço pela valiosa ajuda. Exemplos de dedicação, humildade e respeito sempre disponível para ensinar e orientar.

This essay aims to approach forensic archeology. Discuss the political violence context and your criminal function. Approach the use of archaeological methodologies in the resolution of cases related to judicial activities and monitoring of legal problems in forensic level. However, the most important, allows the dialogue between archeology and the related topics to disregard for basic principles of life in society and for human rights. The comparison of the different scenarios and contexts in South America is here approached in order to contribute to this discussion.

La necrohistoria se propone como una aproximación crítica que coloca al cadáver en el centro del análisis, entendiendo su papel como nodo reflexico en las dinámicas sociales, políticas y culturales derivadas de contextos de violencia extrema. Este planteamiento necrohistórico postula, entonces, un recurso teórico para interpretar las prácticas contemporáneas frente a la violencia extrema, productora de cadáveres en dimensiones masivas.

A partir de dos intervenciones forenses se exponen los aportes de la arqueología en el proceso de gestación y desarrollo del campo técnico y científico judicial que investiga la violencia política y los crímenes de lesa humanidad en la provincia de Tucumán (Argentina) que tuvo lugar entre los años 1975 y 1983. Tal circunstancia —es decir, que la disciplina arqueológica haya sustentado la conformación del ámbito forense local—, se sugiere, imprimió un carácter particular a la práctica forense que investiga este período. Se propone exponer la experiencia tucumana al centrarse en los resultados parciales de dos investigaciones forenses y en las que los aportes de la arqueología fueron claves para dimensionar las características que asumió el exterminio en Tucumán.

There has been formalised collaboration between the Danish National
Police and Moesgaard Museum since 2010. While this relationship was initially characterised by happenstance, through personal contacts and close dialogue, it has since undergone progressive development. The cooperation relates to actual criminal investigations but, to an equal degree, also encompasses knowledge sharing through excavation courses and lectures, so that both police and archaeologists are professionally better equipped and qualified in relation to these cases. This close
working arrangement is under continual refinement, both professionally and methodologically, and has since 2015 acquired an international aspect in the form of cooperation under the auspices of the European Network of Forensic Science Institutes (ENFSI). A brief account is given here of the Danish museum and police organisations, forensic archaeology and crime statistics in Denmark and the practical nature of the cooperation between archaeologists and the police. The article concludes with a presentation of a number of cases that shed light on various tangible aspects of the collaboration and an assessment of what the future holds.

Contributo tratto dagli atti del convegno "Sulle tracce dei Longobardi" (13-14 novembre 2024).
Confrontando i manufatti e le loro caratteristiche, si vuole mostrare brevemente l’evoluzione delle fibule longobarde dallo stanziamento pannonico fino all’ insediamento in Italia durante le prime generazioni, indicando come da decorazioni germaniche si passi ad influenze mediterranee. Ciò comprende fenomeni artistico-culturali estremamente complessi collegabili al tentativo di legittimazione politica e sociale da parte dei Longobardi.

L'articolo propone un inventario di tutte le emergenze tra Lombardia e Canton Ticino e si sofferma in particolare sulla Villa di Biassono, che ha restituito il famoso tesoro di monete. Inoltre si sofferma sulla continuità con strutture religiose.

C orrea, D.; Gayoso, G. y Chaman, M. (2020). Identificación del consumo vegetal en dos momias chancay (Perú) mediante el estudio del sarro dental. Arnaldoa, 27 (3), 729 -740. *O rtner, D. y Putschar W. (1981). Identification of pathological conditions in human skeletal remains. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington. *U belaker D. (1989). The estimation of age at death from immature human bone. In: Age markers in the human skeleton, 55-70. Springfield, Illinois.

Community archaeology is becoming an
increasingly important way of conducting archaeological
research in many countries all around the world. This article
concerns the scientific project entitled “Science for Society,
Society for Science at the Site of National Remembrance in
Łambinowice” which is a place where various prisoners of
war and resettlement camps functioned between 1870 and
1946. The main idea of the project was set in the interpretation
framework of community archaeology that approaches
the practice of the discipline as a form of social interaction
between science and local communities. In the first part of
the paper, the main assumptions, goals and research methods
used during the first season of field research in 2022
at the Site of National Remembrance in Łambinowice are
presented. The second part defines the very idea of community
archaeology and its social potential. The application
and benefits of making in practice the idea of community
archaeology during interdisciplinary research at the Site
of National Remembrance in Łambinowice comprises the
final section of this text. Thus, this paper aims to present
archaeology as a social practice inherently rooted in the
present that can be successfully implemented with the active
participation of local communities and volunteers.

The 2024 meeting of the "Mountain, Swamp, and Beach" regional forensic anthropology conference is 9-10 November 2024, in Pensacola, FL. The abstracts from this year's posters and presentations are curated here, in the MSB 2024 Conference Proceedings.

EU on viime vuosina käynnistänyt monia hankkeita ja toimia yhteisen kulttuuriperinnön vaalimiseksi Euroopassa. Suomi ei ole mukana unionin tuoreimmassa ja sen kulttuuriperinnön lippulaivahankkeeksi kaavaillussa Euroopan kulttuuriperintötunnuksessa. Suomen kannattaisi aktiivisesti hyödyntää kyseistä toimea ja olla mukana keskustelemassa siitä, mitä eurooppalainen kulttuuriperintö voisi olla.

The documentation process of Built Heritage could be really challenging, and managing the different phases of this process is not always straightforward. The metric survey design is still one of the most complex and delicate tasks in the overall process: it drives the activities of data acquisition, processing, validation, interpretation, and final product delivery. It encompasses several aspects: stakeholders involvement, choice of instruments and techniques, available resources (not only economical but also in terms of human resources) timelines, etc. Moreover, a wrong or inaccurate metric survey design can lead to significant mistakes during the data acquisition phase that can result in the collection of redundant data or, worst-case scenario, a lack of data. After a brief state-of-the-art in the European and Italian framework, the research presented in this work will focus on the different aspects of the documentation process and, more specifically, on new digital tools that can assist this step of the Built Heritage documentation. More specifically, the contribution will focus on 360° cameras and the related cloud-based platforms for using and sharing these types of data. This market sector has been rapidly growing in the last years, and we faced a lowering of the purchase costs for these systems together with a wider availability of different sensors. Finally, the resolution has reached exciting levels with sensors that can record 360° data up to 6K/8K.

For more than 80 years, Spain has had a human rights problem. Since the 18th of July 1936, when military personnel and fascists staged a coup d'é tat against the democratic government of the Second Republic, thousands of victims remain missing. We will examine how the victims have been treated by the State and how civil society has led the process of recovering democratic memory. We will focus on its impact in the Bierzo region, in the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula, and its importance in this process. We will also look at how scientific efforts continue to search for missing persons. History, archaeology, physical anthropology, and genetics join forces to repair the victims of the Spanish Civil War and Franco's dictatorship.