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1991, Water Resources Research
The complete evaluation of the offsite effects of national policies or programs that affect levels of agricultural nonpoint source pollution requires linking extensive water quality changes to changes in recreational activity. A sequential decision model is specified to describe an individual's decisions about fishing. A participation model for recreational fishing that includes a water quality index reflecting regional water quality is developed and estimated as a logit model with national level data. A visitation model for those who decide to fish that also includes the water quality index is estimated using ordinary least squares. The water quality index is found to be significant in the participation model but not in the visitation model. Together, the two models provide a means of estimating how changes in water quality might influence the number of recreation days devoted to fishing. The model is used to estimate changes in fishing participation for the Conservation Reserv...
Water Resources Research, 1987
With the advent of Executive Order 12291, policymakers involved in water quality regulation are increasingly interested in assessing the benefits of their programs. Several methods for valuing water quality improvements using recreational demand models have been developed by economists, most of which depend on observing recreationists visiting an array of sites with varying water quality and costs of access. In this paper, three general types of models are described: systems of demands, discrete choice models, and the hedonic travel cost approach; the latter two models are demonstrated using a common data set on water quality and swimming behavior in the Boston area. The models are contrasted and their relative usefulness in answering policy questions explored.
Journal of Environmental Management, 1991
The general focus of this paper is the regional estimation of marginal benefits of targeted water pollution abatement to instream uses. Benefit estimates are derived from actual consumer choices of recreational fishing activities and the implied expenditures for various levels of water quality. The methodology is applied to measuring the benefits accruing to recreational anglers in Indiana from the abatement of pollutants that are by-products of agricultural crop production.
2003
We estimate the economic benefits of water quality improvements for recreational users of lakes, rivers and coastlines in six northeastern states. The benefits are measured using separate travel cost random utility maximization models for fishing, boating, swimming, and viewing. All models are for day-trip recreation. The models are estimated using data from the 1994 National Survey of Recreation and the Environment and from water quality modeling simulations of the National Water Pollution Control Assessment Model. We consider several scenarios for water quality improvements and estimate annual benefits in the region due the Clean Water Act to be near $100 million per year.
Journal of Environmental Management, 2010
The implementation of the European Union Water Framework Directive (WFD) requires nationally generalizable estimates of the benefits of protecting inland and coastal waters. As an alternative to benefit transfers and meta-analyses, we utilize national recreation inventory data combined with water quality data to model recreation participation and estimate the benefits of water quality improvements.
Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 2006
This paper develops and applies a structural bioeconomic model of a coastal recreational fishery. We combine a dynamic fish population model, a statistical model of angler catch rates, and a recreation demand model to estimate the value of water quality changes for the Atlantic Coast summer flounder fishery. The model predicts that improving water quality conditions in Maryland's coastal bays alone would have relatively small impacts on the fishery as a whole. However, water quality improvements throughout the range of the species could lead to substantial increases in fish abundance and associated benefits to recreational anglers from increased catch rates. We also estimate an alternative version of the catch function, with no direct measure of fish abundance included, and we compare results from this “reduced form” approach to results from our structural model.
AAEA Meetings, …, 1999
The present study focuses on a state-wide case study to evaluate recreational benefits from forthcoming effluent limitation guidelines for the Metal Products and Machinery Industry. The study combines water quality modeling and a random utility model to assess how changes in water quality from the regulation will affect consumer valuation of water resources. Based on preliminary results, the MP&M regulation has the potential to generate substantial recreational benefits in Ohio.
Water Resources Research, 2015
This paper describes an economic model that links the demand for recreational stream fishing to fish biomass. Useful measures of fishing quality are often difficult to obtain. In the past, economists have linked the demand for fishing sites to species presence-absence indicators or average self-reported catch rates. The demand model presented here takes advantage of a unique data set of statewide biomass estimates for several popular game fish species in Michigan, including trout, bass and walleye. These data are combined with fishing trip information from a 2008-2010 survey of Michigan anglers in order to estimate a demand model. Fishing sites are defined by hydrologic unit boundaries and information on fish assemblages so that each site corresponds to the area of a small subwatershed, about 100-200 square miles in size. The random utility model choice set includes nearly all fishable streams in the state. The results indicate a significant relationship between the site choice behavior of anglers and the biomass of certain species. Anglers are more likely to visit streams in watersheds high in fish abundance, particularly for brook trout and walleye. The paper includes estimates of the economic value of several quality change and site loss scenarios.
Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 1999
We estimate the alternative models using a common data set and calculate a change in welfare for two policy scenarios across the models. We find that there is little practical difference between the approaches of Morey et al. and Hausman et al. They are nearly the same mathematically, and the welfare estimates in our empirical example are quite close. The approaches of Parsons and Kealy and Feather et al. generated welfare estimates that were substantially different from the previous two approaches as well as from each other. They also generated results that reveal the inconsistencies between their site choice and season trip models. ᮊ 1999 Academic Press *We thank V. Kerry Smith, Cathy Kling, Frank Lupi and three referees for comments and the Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency for funding the data collection. 143
1997
Increasing numbers of freshwater ecosystems have had sportfish consumption advisories posted in recent years. Advisories are sometimes issued in lieu of environmental remediation if they are considered more cost-effective than "cleaning up" the resource, but this approach assumes that anglers adjust behavior in response to the warning. Previous studies, however, suggest that compliance with advisories can be quite low. In contrast, this study measures a statistically significant response by reservoir anglers to consumption advisories. In particular, anglers are less likely to choose to visit a reservoir with an advisory than a similar reservoir without an advisory. Furthermore, the economic losses due to advisories are quantified for anglers in two regions of Tennessee.
PloS one, 2016
Maintaining and improving water quality is key to the protection and restoration of aquatic ecosystems, which provide important benefits to society. In Europe, the Water Framework Directive (WFD) defines water quality based on a set of biological, hydro-morphological and chemical targets, and aims to reach good quality conditions in all river bodies by the year 2027. While recently it has been argued that achieving these goals will deliver and enhance ecosystem services, in particular recreational services, there is little empirical evidence demonstrating so. Here we test the hypothesis that good water quality is associated with increased utilization of recreational services, combining four surveys covering walking, boating, fishing and swimming visits, together with water quality data for all water bodies in eight River Basin Districts (RBDs) in England. We compared the percentage of visits in areas of good water quality to a set of null models accounting for population density, in...
Marine Resource …, 2003
We link a stochastic binary choice model of individual decisions to participate in the marine sport fisheries in Cook Inlet, Alaska, with a simulation-based sample enumeration procedure for aggregating estimates of individual angler welfare and a regionally adjusted ...
Annals of Regional Science, 2002
Forecasts of the regional economic impacts of changes in the demand for recreation occasioned by regulatory changes, changes in the quality of the recreation experience, or changes in average trip costs require a model that links changes in these trip attributes to individual participation decisions and population participation rates. The probability that an individual will take a particular recreational trip is described using a nonlinear random effects probit model based on variable trip attributes and individual economic and demographic characteristics. These conditional individual probabilities are transformed into predictions of changes in total recreation demand using a simulation-based sample enumeration method. The regional impacts associated with ensuing changes in primary and secondary expenditure patterns are elucidated with a stand-alone recreation-sector module linked to a regionally adjusted zip code-level input-output model. Because the participation model allows for non-constant marginal utility, primary and secondary impacts exhibit nonlinear responses to variations in trip attributes. The modeling approach is demonstrated in an application to the saltwater sport fisheries for Pacific halibut and salmon in Lower and Central Cook Inlet, Alaska.
2017
North Dakota is a state with a wide variety of recreational opportunities but limited resources for developing recreational facilities. As a result, positive benefits from recreation must be demonstrated to justify public expenditures for recreational facilities. This paper presents estimates of the benefits from North Dakota river recreation and identifies the primary characteristics that influence those benefits. Three separate models are examined: (1) a survey participation model that is used to correct for nonresponse bias, (2) a recreation participation model that estimates the factors affecting the decision of an individual to participate in river recreation, and (3) a travel cost model that estimates the factors affecting the number of trips an individual will take to a river recreation area. The benefits of North Dakota river recreation are estimated by the travel cost model to average about $32.50 per visit and about $114 million annually. The three models are also used to ...
Agricultural and resource economics review, 2024
We estimate a recreation demand model for warmwater fishing in Delaware and then use it to measure welfare gains associated with improved fishing quality as measured by catch rate of fish, diversity of species, and clarity of water. We use a "linked" site choicetrip frequency model with data gathered by the Delaware Division of Fish and Wildlife. Our site choice model includes 118 rivers and lakes in the state with detailed characteristics of each. We develop hypothetical scenarios of fishing quality improvement involving combinations of fish catch, fish diversity, and water clarity and apply it to individual water bodies, water basins, selected water body groupings, and statewide. Values are reported in seasonal per angler and aggregate terms.
Fishery Bulletin, 2014
The views and opinions expressed or implied in this article are those of the author (or authors) and do not necessarily reflect the position of the National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA.
… Handbook on Non- …, 2011
2016
Benefit estimates of water pollution control policies rely heavily on water quality indices. Since the 1970s, these measures of water quality have been used extensively in stated preference surveys to estimate willingness to pay for water quality that is suitable for recreational use. However, there is little empirical evidence of how well these indices correspond to observed recreational behavior. This paper utilizes a unique micro-dataset of individual household recreational use and water quality in a revealed preference framework to explore how well several major water quality indices explain water-based recreational use.
2009
Individuals and households reveal their willingness to pay to enjoy environmental and natural resource services by engaging in outdoor recreation activities. The state of Alabama and the Black-Belt region possess significant recreational fishing resources whose qualities could be improved through public and private management innovations. To measure the value of such interventions, a baseline estimate of recreational fishing demand and potential for increasing the demand by on-site improvements needs to established. Using direct mail survey, count data obtained on individual angler characteristics, expenditures on fishing equipment, and destinations and expenditures on time and travel for each trip taken. In addition, the kinds and quantities of fish that anglers sought on each trip were obtained. This paper employs a full a full economic analysis based on recreation demand models—a.k.a. Travel Cost models (TCM). The travel costs’ Negative Binomial regression reveals that the averag...
2009
Recreational anglers are known to seek different types of experiences in different settings. Such preference and behavioural diversity has important management implications. Research methods which assume only a limited degree of preference heterogeneity and impose rigid substitution patterns can impair understanding of individual's unique decision process and lead to misguided management and policy recommendations. This paper reports results from an internet-based stated preference survey of recreational trout anglers in the North Canterbury Region of New Zealand. A mixed logit model, which simultaneously specifies random parameters plus error components, is used to capture the extent of random preference heterogeneity in systematic utility along with variance differences in unobserved utility at the alternative specific level. These error components are independent of the random parameters and fully relax the IID property. The model is further generalised to control for heterogeneity in the means and heteroscedasticity in the variances of the random parameters as well as error components using angler's self reported skill level. The performance of the extended mixed logit-error component specification is evaluated against multinomial logit and latent class.
Economics Research Institute Study Paper, 2001
Changes in sportfishing trip attributes such as cost, harvest regulations, environmental quality, and resource abundance, affect both the expected net benefits associated with a fishing trip and participation decisions. The ability to estimate both of these is important for various types of policy analysis. This study uses stated preference questions of anglers who sport fished in the marine waters off the Kenai Peninsula. Alaska to estimate a nonlinear random effects probit model that expresses both angler net benefits and participation rates as functions of trip attributes. The use of stated preference data along with a nonlinear utility specification allows for the simulation of a wide range of policy scenarios. The study design permits the identification of substitution and complementary effects across fishing trip attributes, as well as nonlinear marginal utility.
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