Development Studies

This paper captured the imperatives of the creation of Development Centres for the development of rural communities in Ebonyi State. The major objective of this study is to examine how Development Centre creation relates to rural development in Ebonyi State. The paper therefore is anchored on the Modernization Theory of development as explained by Adam Smith, David Richardo, Joseph Schumpeters and associates. The theory explains development as a process that goes in stages cutting across the traditional stage, the pretake off stage, the take off stage, the stage of maturing and that of mass consumption. The major findings of this study is that despite the pragmatic ideas underlying Development Centre creation for accelerating development in Ebonyi State, the idea has been fraught with political influence as the regime in power use Development Centres as patronage to loyalists who could not make it to executive council. It is on this premise that the study recommends that: Developmen...

African countries have been participating in the World Athletics Champion hips since 1983 when the 1AAF commenced the championships. This study is the evaluation of performances among the World continents in the 1AAF championships that was originally a four-year event but now held every two years. The baseline data were the results of the championships in the United Kingdom and Field All-Time records. The data were coded according to (he six continents of Africa. North American, South America, Asia. Australia and Europe. The coded data were further classified into fifteen (15) gender specific categories of running, sprints, middle' and long distance races, jumps, throwing events and overall performances. The study was essentially a qualitative approach study of the performances. Coded data were therefore analysed using frequencies and simple percentages including bar charts. The results showed that even though Africa trailed behind Europe in all cases, it surpassed performances from America in some cases. However, Africa remained a participant continent as if poses no competition to Europe and all time leading continent in the championships. Thi is due to the revelation that Africa accounts for less than twenty-five (25) percent champion medal awards of one thousand and fifty-six (1.056) between Helsinki 1983 and Edmonton 2001 of eight championships. Recommendation capable of improving African position and thereby take its performance to greater heights were made particularly in the female category where poorer performances were observed.

This research is concerned with developing passenger demand models for international aviation from/to Egypt. In this context, the aviation sector in Egypt is represented by the biggest airport, Cairo Airport, as well as by the main Egyptian international air carrier, Egyptair. The developed models utilize two variables to represent aviation demand, namely the total number of international flights originating from and attracted to Cairo Airport as well as total number of passengers using Egyptair international flights originating from and attracted to Cairo Airport. Such demand variables were related, using different functional forms, to several explanatory variables including population, gross domestic product and number of foreign tourists. Finally, two models were selected based on their logical acceptability, best fit and statistical significance. To demonstrate the usefulness of the models, they were used to forecast future demand patterns.

The present study investigated the Academic Achievement, Emotional Maturity and Intelligence of Secondary School Students in Assam. The study was conducted on one thousand class-X students by giving due representation to boys (500) and girls (500) as well as rural and urban localities of Lakhimpur and Sonitpur districts of Assam. The schools were selected using stratified random sampling technique, and students were selected using simple random sampling technique.The descriptive survey method is used for data collection. As far as academic achievement of the students was concerned for the purpose of the present study, the investigator visited the selected schools and collected the school records of the selected students i.e. mark’s obtained by the students in the last annual examination, 2014 (i.e. Class IX annual examination). The emotional maturity of the students was measured by using Emotional Maturity Scale (EMS) developed by Singh and Bhargava (1984) and intelligence was measu...

The present study investigated the emotional maturity and intelligence of secondary school students Assam. The study was conducted on one thousand class-X students by giving due representation to boys (500) and girls (500) as well as rural and urban localities of both the districts. The schools were selected using stratified random sampling technique, and students were selected using simple random sampling technique. The descriptive survey method is used for data collection using emotional maturity scale constructed and standardized by M. Bhargava and Y. Singh (1990) and group test of mental ability constructed and standardized by Dr. S.Jalota. The findings of the study reported that there is a negative relationship between emotional maturity and intelligence among the secondary school students of whole sample of both the districts.

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo fundamental reflexionar sobre la problemática que la globalización genera en un mundo en donde y los valores decaen. Se parte de la premisa de considerar que la globalización sin ética habrá de estimular en el mediano plazo distintas formas de violencia, entre ellas, violencia intrafamiliar, callejera, tráfico de drogas ilícitas, prostitución infantil, pornografía, guerrillas y paramilitarismo. En los momentos actuales, muchos de los conflictos armados, tienen su caldo de cultivo en las desigualdades que genera la ideología neoliberal en un mundo globalizado. La globalización avanza sobre el planeta, como un jinete desbocado al que no se le pone freno. Sólo un nuevo "ethos" de la globalización basado en la construcción de una cultura ética y ciudadana, en la búsqueda del bien común y eliminación de la pobreza en el planeta, podrán frenar al jinete globalizado que cabalga estrepitosamente.

Collection of abstracts from the BKT 2025 International Conference on Reimagining and Reclaiming the Knowledge Traditions of Bharat: Beyond Boundaries and Definitions, 3rd & 4th March 2025.

Sponsored by ICSSR AND MAKAIAS
In Association with Prajna Pravah
Organised By
Centre for the Study of Social Exclusion and Inclusive Policy
School of Social Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University
New Delhi – 110067 (India)

Pacific Way, Melanesian Way, Melanesian Socialism: this ethnicist division, which in the 1970s led to a pan-Pacific vision, the Pacific Way, being complemented by a sub-regional ideology, the Melanesian Way, had all the appearances of a reinvention of the colonial Polynesia/Melanesia divide. While historians, economists and political scientists immediately found it a matter of debate, anthropologists stayed significantly away, focusing on the question of identity politics on national scales. They have focused on
traditional ways of life as the basis of national construction (kastomu/Pasin Tumbuna in PNG, Kastom/Kastam in Vanuatu and the Solomons, la Coutume in New Caledonia, Vaka Vanua in Fiji, Fa’a Samoa in Samoa, Peu Maohi in Tahiti, Māoritanga in New Zealand, etc.). The aim of my analysis is twofold: to trace the disappearance of the myth of Melanesian socialism and to analyse the renewed interest of anthropologists in the ways in which national identities can be transcended regionally in the Pacific.

A tese aqui apresentada diz respeito a uma “discussão filosófica acerca do tema do desenvolvimento”. Esta se caracterizou por uma abordagem que identificasse formalmente os limites dos esforços teóricos existentes sobre o desenvolvimento. Para isso, optou-se pela leitura fenomenológica dos sentidos e significados históricos e semânticos do desenvolvimento desde o pensamento de Heidegger. Com efeito, ela serviu para: diagnosticar os fundamentos do desenvolvimento econômico, denominada como a Questão do Desenvolvimento; e prognosticar uma nova compreensão do desenvolvimento a partir do próprio locus (o fenômeno do habitar) da conceitualidade ocidental, ou seja, rever os
fundamentos ontológicos para o desenvolvimento. O procedimento utilizado, a fim de descrever o desenvolvimento como um fenômeno, revelou duas estruturas (capítulos): uma ôntica, cujo diagnóstico é o desvelamento do fenômeno do desenraizamento; e uma
ontológica, desde a qual o desenvolvimento é intentado em sua possibilidade ontológica, qual seja o desenvolvimento local. Deste modo, a discussão ôntico-ontológica do fenômeno do desenvolvimento permitiu abrir os seguintes problemas, respectivamente: a crítica da ideia de sujeito moderno e o lugar do homem no desenvolvimento, o problema
do território (a matematização e a desterritorialização do local) e o problema da erradicação do desenvolvimento por meio da Economia global; e, diante disso, é possível teorizar uma superação do sentido moderno da Economia e recolocá-la, ontologicamente, desde um geodesenvolvimento. Por meio desta realocação, pensa-se ser possível projetar uma ontologia do desenvolvimento

In the past two decades, there has been a proliferation of attention at the international and local levels, on the Commercial Sexual Exploitation (CSE) of children in Nicaragua. National policy and legislative changes, task forces and strategic plans aimed at criminalizing the demand side (consumers) of CSE have yielded minimal results. Using the concept of community trauma within an ecological framework, where relationships and social interactions are the foundation building blocks of the larger mezzo and macro setting, we ask: What then does looking from a community perspective teach us, and how can we incorporate these learnings to prevent, reduce and eradicate the exploitation of children in Nicaragua? This article contextualizes the phenomenon of CSEC, to investigate its expansion and community perceptions that shape its presence in Chinandega, Nicaragua to begin to close the geography of place and mezzo level knowledge gap. The study involved a total of 105 participants (54 females and 51 males). Data was collected in Spanish, via in-depth and situational interviews and focus groups. What was found was CSEC as "common knowledge" in their communities' and a central organizing feature.

What is Africa's place in China's global geo-strategy, or does it have one? China's engagements with the continent have increased markedly in recent decades but does it occupy a central or peripheral role in China's grand strategy? Recently, there have been debates about whether China has such a strategy, but we argue that part of the confusion around these issues arises from the distinctive nature of that state and the forms of loose coordination it operationalizes. Rather than a strictly defined 'grand strategy', China has a grand, strategic-relational approach to its foreign policy or operates a relational geopolitical code which nonetheless reflects core interests. We bring this perspective to bear on Africa's evolving positionality in China's global geostrategic engagements in order to evaluate its significance.

East Java has a large amount of arid terrain with a dry environment that could potentially be used for maize cultivation. It hasn't been managed well, with little irrigation that only depends on rainfall and poor soil fertility. It is possible to grow maize on dry terrain, but first it is important to consider whether socioeconomic strategies are effective, affordable, and simple to use. Five land management approaches, including (a) water management, (b) nutrient management, (c) organic matter management, (d) soil amelioration and conservation, and (e) crop integration livestock or institutions, are required to address the major issues of restricted water and low soil fertility. Activities to develop dry climate dry land agriculture are carried out during the dry season (MK 1) 2019 in Kandang Village, Kapongan District, Regency Situbondo in an area of 20 hectares. These activities include research on superimposed planting systems, irrigation, and biocahar as well as display of maize varieties and fertilisation.

Many transnational non-governmental organizations (TNGOs) are reevaluating their organizational forms and norms as they pursue localization. Localization itself is a contested and multifaceted concept, however, complicating the design, implementation, and evaluation of localization efforts. In this context, we propose a two-dimensional analytical framework for understanding localization initiatives. Localization efforts can be understood within a continuum from managerialist to restorative practices and focus on organizational forms or more deeply embedded cultural norms. The case of HelpAge International illustrates this continuum of localization practices across all four types-managerial forms, managerial norms, restorative forms, and restorative norms-and reveals key tensions emerging between various stakeholders. We apply the framework to the HelpAge International case to demonstrate its utility as an analytical tool. We conclude with suggestions for future research. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.

This study examines the impact of corruption on economic policies and development in Nigeria, with a particular focus on leadership accountability from 1960 to 2024. Despite Nigeria's vast resources and economic potential, corruption has significantly undermined economic growth, weakened policy implementation, and diminished public trust in governance. Using a historical and analytical approach, this research traces the evolution of corruption in Nigerian leadership, analyzing how various administrations have contributed to or combated corrupt practices. By examining key economic policies and development programs, the study explores the extent to which corruption has distorted economic objectives, inhibited foreign investment, and led to uneven wealth distribution. Through qualitative and quantitative data, this analysis reveals the structural challenges posed by corruption and highlights instances where accountability mechanisms have succeeded or failed. The findings underscore the urgent need for stronger institutional reforms, transparent governance, and effective policy enforcement to foster sustainable development and economic stability in Nigeria.

Arguments for cross-disciplinary research in development studies have been applied recently to work on poverty, inequality and well-being. However, much research on these issues remains fragmented and, in particular, the intellectual barrier between economics and the other social science subjects continues to be powerful. In this paper, we review the prospects for cross-disciplinary research (both multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary); and, examine the ways in which forms of being 'disciplined', and the linkages between disciplines and professions, constrains such research. We also introduce the papers in this collection and explain their relationship to the quest for crossdisciplinary research on poverty issues. Our conclusion is that cross-discipline working should be promoted and that both interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary approaches can benefit research on poverty and well-being, provided that their specific merits and demerits are evaluated in relation to the research task in hand.

La prise en compte de l'histoire, de la temporalité, de l'intergénérationnel aurait pu également, selon notre point de vue, être davantage abordée dans ce dictionnaire. Il n'y a de développement durable ou soutenable que dans le long terme. Le temps de la mondialisation (compétitivité, ouverture, adaptation aux nouvelles donnes technologiques, etc.) n'est pas celui du développement économique (mise en place d'institutions, de construction des marchés, de progrès durables de productivité) ni celui des trajectoires socio-historiques des sociétés (construction des États et des nations, redéfinition des frontières ou double légitimation externe et interne des pouvoirs). Les sociétés construisent leur propre modernité en combinant leur temps historique propre et le temps de la mondialisation. On peut enfin évidemment discuter de certaines analyses. La définition retenue, par exemple, des biens publics est néoclassique, en reposant sur des critères naturels tels que l'exclusion et la rivalité et non sur des constructions sociopolitiques. Enfin l'ouvrage ne présente pas d'index des entrées, ce qui en faciliterait la lecture. Ce ne sont que des remarques secondaires. Ce dictionnaire est remarquable par l'ampleur et la maîtrise des sujets traités, par la clarté de l'écriture, par l'actualité de nombreux sujets et par la combinaison entre la présentation distanciée impartiale des débats et le soubassement théorique et éthique qui anime l'auteur et qui constitue un fil directeur de l'ouvrage, permettant de relier les différentes entrées. Ce dictionnaire sera très utile tant pour les étudiants, que pour les acteurs de la société civile, les décideurs, les universitaires et chercheurs, ou tout simplement pour les lecteurs cherchant à comprendre le monde dans lequel nous vivons et vivront les futures générations.

La investigacion consiste en la realizacion y evaluacion de la experiencia del acompanamiento realizado a comunidades locales ubicadas en el contexto rural de la subcuenca del rio Pasto, departamento de Narino, Colombia. Esta iniciativa surge a partir del conocimiento de un modelo de trabajo comunitario similar en el sur de Chile denominado Programa de internado rural interdisciplinario – PIRI, en donde se involucra estudiantes de diferentes areas del conocimiento en el quehacer, necesidades y oportunidades de las comunidades y su entorno, a traves de cuatro etapas i) analisis situacional con el uso de herramientas participativas, ii) vinculo de colaboracion con las entidades territoriales, iii) diseno de un proceso de promocion del desarrollo rural en forma interdisciplinar, y iv) evaluacion de experiencias con el equipo colegiado para la identificacion de lecciones aprendidas. En este sentido, un aspecto a destacar es el aprendizaje generado entre los estudiantes participantes, qu...

El tema de la presente tesis trata de un “Diagnóstico de la realidad socioeconómica de las comunidades kichwas de la cuenca del Bobonaza con enfoque de género”, la cual fue desarrollado en un periodo de un año, para ello se llevó a cabo una investigación de los sistemas económicos que manejan las comunidades de la cuenca del Bobonaza. Para este análisis económico fue necesario realizar un diagnostico por comunidades para saber como ha mejorado o a debilitado su economía a nivel comunitario, familiar sus patrones culturales, ambientales y recursos naturales. Además se realizó encuestas por comunidad y familiar, para determinar los proyectos productivos que fortalezcan la economía comunitaria y que garantizan la seguridad alimentaria de las familias de cuenca del Bobonaza. Finalmente, se llegó a las siguientes conclusiones: El estudio demuestra que todavía existe, un profundo enraizamiento en el valor de la obligación recíproca, entre los miembros de la comunidad y familia. Cada famil...

In 2001 Madagascar stepped back from the brink of probable civil war. The country's new leader, President Marc Ravalomanana, seemed poised to pave the way for long-term stability and economic prosperity. The international community provided widespread support as prospects appeared to improve, but Ravalomanana had built his power on fragile foundations. In the years that followed, opposition grew from key economic, military, and political stakeholders, and, by late 2008, Ravalomanana's power base began to unravel. A series of disturbing events ensuedincluding a mutiny at an army barracks and the massacre of civilians by presidential security forces on the main square in the capital, Antananarivo-precipitating a political crisis that continued through late 2010. By that time, international donors had largely suspended their non-humanitarian assistance. Madagascar is a deeply impoverished country. In the absence of financial support from and oversight by the international community, the 'transition' government is signing unfavourable contracts, primarily with Chinese and other Asian investors, who are gaining unchecked access to the island's wealth of resources. The extraction and transportation of these resources-including timber, seafood, beef and rare animal species, coal, uranium, gold, diamonds, and other precious stones-allegedly relies on the tacit cooperation and collusion of members of the country's security forces. Moreover, rates of armed robbery, often committed with military weapons, appear to have risen sharply since 2008, as has the presence of international criminal networks. Research suggests that these networks are taking advantage of the political disarray to turn Madagascar into a hub for regional and global trafficking-predominantly of drugs. Madagascar's security sector has always been weak, undermined by external influence and, since independence in 1960, instrumentalized by successive heads of state and their entourages. As a result, the military, gendarmerie, and police forces do not constitute effective units with a clear vocation; instead, the regular forces are severely underpaid while a hugely inflated number of high-ranking officers are pursuing their own political and economic agendas. Combined with Madagascar's strategic location, lack of basic infrastructure, difficult terrain, and porous borders (see Map 6.1)-which attract predatory actors who plunder the natural resources and engage in illegal trafficking-a dysfunctional security sector has generated the conditions for armed violence of worrisome proportions. This chapter offers an analysis of Madagascar's insecurity, with a special focus on the role of security sector actors. Policy-makers and researchers have largely ignored the fragile relationships between the Malagasy state and its security forces and between political stability and economic predation. Information on these topics is extremely limited and fragmentary, often historically inaccurate, and frequently contradictory. To offer a critical and more coherent perspective on political violence on the island, the United Nations Office of the Resident Coordinator in Madagascar commissioned a Peace and Conflict Impact Assessment in early 2010; the study built on nearly 200 key informant interviews, background papers, and a preliminary survey of security perceptions in Antananarivo and environs . This chapter draws on all of the source material developed for that assessment as well as additional desk and in-country research. This chapter's principal conclusions include the following: • To a large extent, Madagascar's inability to develop effective state security forces can be attributed to its colonial heritage and strategic location. As a result, the main rationale for a career in the military or gendarmerie is the pursuit of personal gain. • Since their politicization and instrumentalization in the 1970s, Madagascar's armed forces have constantly been embroiled in struggles over political power and economic access to the country's wealth of resources. • Today, Madagascar's security sector is characterized by severely underpaid and ill-equipped regular forces, far too many high-ranking officers, and a mushrooming of special intervention units with questionable mandates. • Collusion between elements of the country's security sector and both foreign and domestic business interests has sharply intensified since the political crisis of early 2009. In the resulting security vacuum, armed criminality is on the rise, rural banditry has expanded, and Madagascar is gaining in importance as an international trafficking hub. • The state administration has encouraged the organization of neighbourhood watch initiatives and village self-defence groups; it has also turned a blind eye to the operations of highly aggressive indigenous private security companies that hunt down rural bandits. The chapter has two main sections. The first section reviews the historical context and development of the security sector in Madagascar, noting the specific ways in which the armed forces have continuously been subject to strategies of dispersion and co-optation by colonial and post-colonial governments. Not only has this process led officers to abuse their positions in the pursuit of personal gain, but it has also transformed Madagascar's armed forces into pawns of predatory actors seeking to further their own political and economic agendas. The second section analyses Rebel soldiers loyal to Andry Rajoelina take over one of the presidential offices in downtown Antananarivo, 16 March 2009.

Recent years have seen a burgeoning interest in research into the use of information and communication technologies (ICTs) in the context of developing regions, particularly into how such ICTs might be appropriately designed to meet the unique user and infrastructural requirements that we encounter in these cross-cultural environments. This emerging field, known to some as HCI4D, is the product of a diverse set of origins. As such, it can often be difficult to navigate prior work, and/or to piece together a broad picture of ...

中国正处于有机农业⾰命的开端。从 2000 年到 2006 年，中国有机农业管理⾯积从世界第 45 位跃升⾄第 2 位。中国现在有机园艺种植⾯积⽐任何其他国家都多。2005/2006 年，中国有 机农业种植⾯积增加了 12%。这占世界有机农业年增⻓量的 63%，中国现在拥有世界有机农 业管理⾯积的 11%。本⽂探讨了中国有机农业⾰命的先例，揭⽰了中国有机农业部⻔的进⼀步 增⻓潜⼒。对中国粮⻝⽣产统计数据的纵向分析显⽰，中国粮⻝⽣产呈现爆炸式增⻓，随之⽽ 来的出⼝能⼒对粮⻝出⼝国具有重要意义。中国通过绿⾊⻝品⾛上了⼀条实现有机未来的创新 之路。这⼀转型战略可能成为其他寻求快速扩⼤有机农业的国家效仿的典范。未来，⻝品出⼝ 国可以预⻅其化学农产品将与中国经过认证的有机农产品展开竞争。

This paper examines the evolving regulatory environment for civil society organizations (CSOs) in Syria following the fall of the Assad regime on 8 December 2024. Drawing on legal analysis and interviews with NGO representatives, it explores how NGOs are navigating overlapping oversight structures, legal ambiguities, and a legacy of state control. While new authorities signal reformist intent—particularly within the Ministry of Social Affairs and Labor—gaps in coordination and the continued influence of the Humanitarian Action Coordination office complicate NGO operations. The paper argues that inclusive legal reform, transparent governance, and the protection of civic freedoms are essential to forging a new social contract between the Syrian state and civil society.

The Routledge International Handbook of Dialectical Thinking is a landmark volume offering a multi-disciplinary compendium of the research, theory and practice that defines dialectical thinking, its importance and how it develops over the lifespan.

For the first time, this handbook brings together theory and research on dialectical thinking as a psychological phenomenon from early childhood through the human lifespan. Grounding dialectical thinking in multiple philosophical traditions stemming from antiquity, it explores current psychological models of such thought patterns and shows how these can be applied in everyday life and across multiple disciplines, including philosophy, physics, mathematics and international relations. The handbook explains the nature of dialectical thinking, why it is important and how it can be developed in children and in adults. It concludes with a final chapter depicting a discussion among the authors, exploring the question "how could dialectical thinking be the antidote to dogma"

Written by a group of international scholars, this comprehensive publication is an essential reference for researchers and graduate students in psychology and the social sciences, as well as scholars interested in integrating different perspectives and issues from a wide variety of disciplines.

Price: DKK 25.00 (VAT included) DIIS publications can be downloaded free of charge from www.diis.dk DIIS Working Papers make available DIIS researchers' and DIIS project partners' work in progress towards proper publishing. They may include important documentation which is not necessarily published elsewhere. DIIS Working Papers are published under the responsibility of the author alone. DIIS Working Papers should not be quoted without the express permission of the author. Acknowledgements This Working Paper is based on a study funded through a research grant from the Rural Poverty and Environment programme initiative of the International Development Research Centre (IDRC). The grant was administered by the Overseas Development Institute, London. Many people provided useful comments to earlier versions of this paper, which are highly appreciated. From ODI, comments were given by Jonathan Mitchell, Jodie Keane, Pamela Muckosy, Kate Schreckenberg and Andrew Shepherd. Comments were also received from Peter Gibbon and other members of the Trade and Development Group of the Danish Institute for International Studies. Thank you also to the participants of the 'Methodology Workshop' at the University of Western Cape, South Africa, in October 2007 for very fruitful discussions, and to the participants of the 'IDRC Inception Workshop on Integrating Poverty and Environmental Concerns into Value Chain Analysis' in Cairo, December 2007 and again in April 2008.

Why does Home and Peace remain an elusive illusion when forcibly displaced women return 'home'? How does the illusion of Home contribute to the Elusion of Peace? What frames exist from the literature to help us make sense of these two questions with reference to the empirical case of Liberia? This paper utilizes Cynthia Cockburn's frame of the continuum of violence, leaning on Galtung's theory of structural violence to unravel the above question. The analysis and conclusions are based on data collected during field work carried out in Liberia with returnee refugee women and other stakeholders and information collected from other documentary sources. While the prevalent discourse on gender and migration in Africa centres on economic implications, and predominantly focuses on migration rather than migrants, this research utilizes feminist methodologies that privilege the viewpoint of the researched Furthermore, the paper distinguishes between the Home that the migrant-as-migrant remembers with a subjective lens, and the actual 'home' that s/he encounters upon going back to the country of origin, and which might not resemble Home.

T his publication is the first comparative report on the gender asset and wealth gaps using unique individual-level asset data from Ecuador, Ghana, and Karnataka, India. These countries represent geographic diversity and demonstrate rich differences in context, legal practices, and cultural norms. The patterns of men's and women's asset ownership differ across countries and by asset. Besides the summary of our key empirical findings contained here, we are publishing an accompanying policy brief that distills key lessons for public policy. The data collected is immensely rich and this report represents only the first step in the analysis of the data. The Gender Asset Gap project builds on many years of research and collaboration among the project leaders. The central thread that brought this project team together was the need for individual level asset ownership data. While most established economic surveys use the household as the basic unit of enumeration, the intra-household dynamics are central to understanding the wellbeing of individual members within the household -especially the wellbeing of girls and women.

Fiscal federalism concerns the sharing of resources among federating units to enable them fulfill their constitutional obligations. This paper attempted to capture the underlying imperatives of fiscal federalism for national development. It opened with the conceptual explication of the concepts of federalism, fiscal federalism and development from where it was noticed that the principle of fiscal autonomy and fiscal integrity are paramount aspects of the survival and continued existence of truly federating system of government. In trying to achieve the purpose of the study, the paper anchored on Buchan Fiscal Residuum Theory having a leeway to determining the balance between the contributions made and the value of the public services returned to individual. The paper revealed that the contending issues and challenges of fiscal federalism could be in form of mismatch between revenue sources and the functions of the various tiers of government. The paper concluded and recommended that there is need to ensure that the distribution of revenue should encourage each state and local governments to improve internal revenue generation, not to constantly and wholly depend on fund coming from the federation account and the issues of intergovernmental relations should be reviewed and respected so that functions to be performed by each tier of government could be explicitly stated.

Uganda is not alone in its aid dependency, many sub-Saharan African states have grown tethered to donor capital. But Uganda's case is especially stark. Aid finances over 48% of the national health budget and subsidizes 60% of HIV-related care. The current suspension is a textbook case of how foreign policy shifts however well-intentioned can destabilize entire nations when local resilience is absent. The bigger question emerging from this debacle is one of sovereignty. Can Uganda truly claim self-determination when its health, employment, and education systems are so vulnerable to a single donor’s internal political recalibration?

The globalization process during last two hundred years has influenced the world's social, cultural and economic positions. Consequently, world's output, trade and population have been increased significantly. As a result, wellbeing of nations has been improved. However, at the same time in equality among the rich and poor nations of the world has also increased which is evident from the "Gini coefficient" reported by the World Trade Organization (WTO), 2013. Therefore this study aims to investigate export determining factors for four neighboring countries namely China, India, Pakistan and Bangladesh. It is an empirical analysis based on the structural gravity model. The study employees a relatively new technique of panel data (PPML-Estimator) for the comparison between countries. The findings reveal that factors such as income, expenditure and geographical distance in all four countries are in line with the theoretical literature as well as consistent with gravity theory. However, the dummy variables for language, contiguity and the Regional Trade Agreement (RTAs) have mixed results. Notably, the RTAs in case of China, India and Pakistan have negative and significant impact. In another model, in order to capture the impact of globalization, this study used overall globalization index (GI) and its proxies like Political Globalization

CADERNOS do DESENVOLVIMENTO, Rio de Janeiro, v. 12, n. 21, pp. 71-97, jul.-dez. 2017 | 71 3. Dados coletados por Carneiro (2002) mostram que diversos países "em desenvolvimento" ficaram excluídos dos primeiros anos da globalização financeira dos anos 1980, visto que os fluxos de portfólio, que passaram a ganhar protagonismo nas finanças globalizadas se dirigiram essencialmente para países desenvolvidos. 4. Contudo, foge do escopo deste artigo abordar a segunda perspectiva com profundidade. A década perdida: da restrição externa ao declínio do nacional-desenvolvimentismo brasileiro CADERNOS do DESENVOLVIMENTO | 73 irá abordar brevemente algumas reformas institucionais adotadas pelo Estado brasileiro ao longo da década de 1980, as quais devem ser analisadas em conjunto com as decisões de política econômica implementadas no mesmo período. Por fim, serão sintetizadas as principais considerações finais do artigo.

In recent times, inflation figures used by policy makers and investors are usually at lag one (i.e. previous month's inflation rate). The reality of the present day situation where changes in the economy increases with a high degree of uncertainty, decision of monetary policy tools requires the use of current figures of macroeconomic indicators such as inflation. This paper, therefore aims at modelling and forecasting Nigeria's inflation rate for the current period, using the Kalman filter methodology. This paper reveals that estimating the Nigerian headline inflation rate using the Kalman filter approach is more efficient than the popular Box-Jenkins ARIMA(0,1,0). The efficiency of the Kalman Filter was mainly as a result of its built in specification for updating the estimation with the latest available information. This is evident the unbiased insample estimation of the headline inflation as well as the significant result of the results of the diagnostics test. Hence, the...

Gender CCRA goal: identify genderrelated factors that contribute to the success or failure of CAPS Philippines Objectives 1) Document differences in men and women's knowledge, beliefs, and perceptions of soil quality 2) Document the gendered nature of croplivestock interaction with respect to maintaining crop residue cover on the soil 3) Document the gendered nature of tillage, including division of labor, access to assets, and knowledge, beliefs and perceptions Uganda (2010):

Hands, Douglas Wade: Orthodox and heterodox economics in recent economic methodology. Mireles Flores, Luis: Causality, pluralism, and economic policy making. Scarano, Eduardo R.: Economics as a separate science: A critical review. IVAROLA, LEONARDO y MARQUES, GUSTAVO: Expectations-based mechanisms - An interventionist account. Crespo, Ricardo F.: A teleological causal mechanism for economics: Socio-economic machines. Gomez, Ricardo J.: On economics and the impossibility of its reduction to physics. Weisman, Diego y Thefs, German: The ways of scientific representation: Models, maps and reality. The ways of scientific representation: Models, maps and reality. Borella, Agustina: A critical look at critical realism. Lazzarini, Andres: Mill, Hausman and the traditional method in neoclassical economics.

W Białej Księdze rozwój Polski rozpatrywany jest w czterech wymiarach – społecznym, gospodarczym, środowiskowym i przestrzennym. Celem Białej Księgi jest przedstawienie wyzwań i wizji Polski w 2050 roku, jako wypracowanego partycypacyjnie wkładu merytorycznego do opracowania KRK 2050, która będzie stanowić podstawę do formułowania polityk publicznych.

We investigate the empirical relationship between decentralisation and corruption. Using a newly assembled dataset containing data for up to 174 countries, we revisit the empirical evidence and seek to explain some of the inconsistent results that exist in the literature. We find that not only results differ due to the use of different specifications and data but more importantly because previous research overlooks the relationship between different dimensions of decentralisation. We propose an approach aimed at exploring the aggregate effect of decentralization on corruption. In this context, we analyze the existence of direct and indirect effects of these aspects on corruption. Our results suggest that fiscal (market) decentralisation is associated with lower corruption. However, we also find that constitutional decentralisation (federalism) is associated with higher corruption. Furthermore, we find that certain forms of political decentralisation worsen the positive effect of constitutional centralization on corruption. Finally, other forms of decentralisation such as spatial decentralisation do not appear to have a strong association with corruption. Our results suggest the possibility that previous empirical work may grossly overestimate de aggregate impact of decentralization and corruption.

Principio consensuale e procedimento amministrativo. 33 2. Struttura amministrativa e processualità. 38 3. Processualità dell'amministrazione e definizione consensuale degli interessi. 41 4. Gli accordi tra amministrazione e privati nella l. n. 241 del 1990. 43 5. Conclusioni. 47 Capitolo IV ATTIVITÀ FUNZIONALIZZATE. GESTIONI PUBBLICHE 1. Trasformazioni dell'amministrazione. Pluralismo e complessità degli apparati pubblici. 49 2. Enti pubblici economici e funzione pubblica. 52 3. Società miste e funzione pubblica. 54 4. Gestione funzionale. Azionariato pubblico e principio di libera circolazione dei capitali. 61 5. Attività funzionalizzate e struttura societaria. Tra discrezionalità e scelte imprenditoriali. Limiti della discrezionalità e vizi della funzione. 71 6. Funzionario e manager pubblico sotto i riflessi della discrezionalità. I diversi parametri di giudizio delle scelte imprenditoriali. 82 Capitolo V GESTIONI PUBBLICHE E RIFLESSI SULLA RESPONSABILITÀ PUBBLICA 1. Essenza delle figure pubblicistiche: doverosità e responsabilità. 86 2. Trasformazione amministrativa e giurisdizione contabile. 88 3. Il travaso della discrezionalità amministrativa nelle scelte d'impresa. 95 4. Conclusioni.