Beyond the Standard Model Physics

The observed baryon asymmetry (n B /n γ ≈ 6.1 × 10-10) remains a persistent challenge within the Standard Model due to inadequate CP violation and electroweak baryogenesis. This paper presents Kaundinya's Unified Theory of Everything (KUTE), an axiomatic framework that integrates triadic phase transitions (Λ ∈ {9, 6, 3}) mediated by 14 transition matrices (PA, NN, PM), heterotic string theory on Narain lattices (Γ 16+d,d), and CPT-violating dynamics. KUTE predicts the baryon asymmetry parameter, an axion dark matter mass of ∼ 10-5 eV, and gravitational wave signatures at 0.1-10 kHz (LISA band). The theory is empirically testable via neutron star seismology (NICER) and axion detection (ADMX), building on prior evidence of Majorana neutrinos from neutrinoless double beta decay.

A representation of the Dirac algebra, derived from first principles, can be related to the combinations of unit charges which determine particle structures. The algebraic structure derives from a broken symmetry between 4-vectors and quaternions which can be applied to the broken symmetry between the three nongravitational interactions. The significance of this relation for Grand Unification is derived by explicit

In this project, I study the issue of neutrino mass generation using right handed neutrinos and the seesaw mech￾anism. These right handed neutrinos, if in the ballpark at a TeV, would appear detectable at the Large Hadron
Collider(LHC). I explore the possibility of detecting a TeV scale right-handed(RH) neutrinos at the LHC that
can successfully accommodate the experimentally verified neutrino oscillation data. The Model: Electroweak
right-handed neutrinos and a new Higgs singlet, is also discussed in details.

Higgs sector of the Standard model (SM) is replaced by the gauge SU (3) f quantum flavor dynamics (QFD) with one parameter, the scale Λ. Anomaly freedom of QFD demands extension of the fermion sector of SM by three sterile right-handed neutrino fields. Poles of fermion propagators with chirality-changing self-energies Σ(p 2 ) spontaneously generated by QFD at strong coupling define: (1) Three sterile-neutrino Majorana masses M f R of order Λ. (2) Three Dirac masses m f , degenerate for e f , ν f , u f , d f in family f , exponentially small with respect to Λ. Goldstone theorem implies: All eight flavor gluons acquire masses of order M f R . W and Z bosons acquire masses of order m f , the effective Fermi scale. Composite 'would-be' Nambu-Goldstone bosons have their 'genuine' partners, the composite Higgs particles: The SM-like Higgs h and two new Higgses h3 and h8, all with masses at Fermi scale; three Higgses χi with masses at scale Λ. Large pole-mass splitting of charged leptons and quarks in f is arguably due to full QED Σ(p 2 )-dependent fermion-photon vertices enforced by Ward-Takahashi identities. The argument relies on illustrative computation of pole-mass splitting found non-analytic in fermion electric charges. Neutrinos are the Majorana particles with seesaw mass spectrum computed solely by QFD. Available data fix Λ to, say, Λ ∼ 10 14 GeV.

We assign the chiral fermion fields of the Standard model to triplets of flavor (family, generation, horizontal) SU (3) f symmetry, for anomaly freedom add one triplet of sterile right-handed neutrino fields, and gauge that symmetry. First we demonstrate that the resulting quantum flavor SU (3) f dynamics completely spontaneously self-breaks: Both the Majorana masses of sterile neutrinos and the masses of all eight flavor gluons come out proportional to the SU (3) f scale Λ. Mixing of sterile neutrinos yields new CP-violating phases needed for understanding the baryon asymmetry of the Universe. Second, the SU (3) f dynamics with weak hypercharge radiative corrections spontaneously generates the lepton and quark masses exponentially suppressed with respect to Λ. Three active neutrinos come out as Majorana particles extremely light by seesaw. The Goldstone theorem implies: (i) The electroweak bosons W and Z acquire masses. (ii) There are three axions, decent candidates for dark matter. Invisibility of the Weinberg-Wilczek axion a with mass ma ∼ m 2 π /Λ restricts the scale Λ from Λ ∼ 10 10 GeV upwards. Third, the composite 'would-be' Nambu-Goldstone (NG) bosons of all spontaneously broken gauge symmetries have their genuine composite massive partners: (i) One 0 + flavorless Higgs-like particle h accompanying three electroweak 'would-be' NG bosons. (ii) Two 0 + flavored Higgs-like particles h3 and h8 accompanying six flavored electroweak 'wouldbe' NG bosons. (iii) Three superheavy spin-zero sterile-neutrino-composites χi accompanying eight flavored sterile-neutrino-composite 'would-be' NG bosons. We identify χi with inflatons.

We assign the chiral fermion fields of three generations of the Standard model (SM) to triplets of flavor SU(3)_f symmetry, add one triplet of sterile right-handed neutrino fields, and gauge that symmetry. We demonstrate that the resulting asymptotically free, anomaly free quantum flavor dynamics (q.f.d.), strongly coupled in the infrared underlies the Higgs sector of SM and yields a number of testable predictions.

We discuss the gauge-Higgs unification in a framework of Lifshitz-type gauge theory. We study a higher-dimensional gauge theory on R DÀ1 Â S 1 in which the normal second-(first-) order derivative terms for scalar (fermion) fields in the action are replaced by higher-order derivative ones for the direction of the extra dimension. We provide some mathematical tools to evaluate a one-loop effective potential for the zero mode of the extra component of a higher-dimensional gauge field and clarify how the higher-order derivative terms affect the standard form of the effective potential. Our results show that they can make the Higgs mass heavier and change its vacuum expectation value drastically. Some extensions of our framework are briefly discussed.

We discuss the gauge-Higgs unification in a framework of Lifshitz-type gauge theory. We study a higher-dimensional gauge theory on R DÀ1 Â S 1 in which the normal second-(first-) order derivative terms for scalar (fermion) fields in the action are replaced by higher-order derivative ones for the direction of the extra dimension. We provide some mathematical tools to evaluate a one-loop effective potential for the zero mode of the extra component of a higher-dimensional gauge field and clarify how the higher-order derivative terms affect the standard form of the effective potential. Our results show that they can make the Higgs mass heavier and change its vacuum expectation value drastically. Some extensions of our framework are briefly discussed.

This work presents the complete mathematical formulation of Steady-State Loop Quantum Space (SSLQS), a novel approach to quantum gravity that eliminates the need for cosmic inflation or dark energy. The theory makes three testable predictions: (1) a 1.05 TeV resonance in γγ collisions at FCC-hh, (2) a characteristic CMB quadrupole anomaly (C 2 = 0.87×C ΛCDM

Distinguishing between prompt muons produced in heavy boson decay and muons produced in association with heavy-flavor jet production is an important task in analysis of collider physics data. We explore whether there is information available in calorimeter deposits that is not captured by the standard approach of isolation cones. We find that convolutional networks and particle-flow networks accessing the calorimeter cells surpass the performance of isolation cones, suggesting that the radial energy distribution and the angular structure of the calorimeter deposits surrounding the muon contain unused discrimination power. We assemble a small set of high-level observables which summarize the calorimeter information and close the performance gap with networks which analyze the calorimeter cells directly. These observables are theoretically well-defined and can be studied with collider data.

The total cross section and the inclusive muon cross section for the process e+e -~ hadrons have been measured in the center of mass energy range between 39.79 and 46.78 GeV. The ratio R shows no significant structure. It has an average value of 4.13 +0.08 + 0.14. An upper limit is set on the production of narrow resonances. Limits are obtained for pair-produced heavy quarks. The data are compared with the standard electroweak interaction model including QCD corrections taking into account the five known types of quarks. Upper limits are given for a possible structure of quarks and for effects of color octet leptons.

In spring 2003, the B physics era ended for the CLEO experiment with a final run at the ϒ(5S) resonance. Over the summer the experiment and the CESR accelerator were modified to operate at lower center-of-mass energies between 3 and 5 GeV. In September 2003 the CLEO-c detector has begun to take its first data at the ψ(3770) resonance, with which a new era for the exploration of the charmonium sector begins. The CLEO-c research program presented here will include studies of leptonic, semileptonic and hadronic charm decays, searches for exotic, gluonic matter and test for new physics beyond the Standard Model.

In this paper, I have considered the possibility of dark energy to be made up of two components, cosmological constant and a time dependent dark energy component. I have modeled the cosmological constant component using an extra Higgs singlet field and the time dependent component using a classical scalar field. The simplest quadratic and quartic potentials and mixing with the standard model Higgs field is considered for the Higgs singlet field. The dark energy and decay widths of two different Higgs particles is given in terms of models parameters.

Precision measurements by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station of the primary cosmic-ray electron flux in the range 0.5 to 700 GeV and the positron flux in the range 0.5 to 500 GeV are presented. The electron flux and the positron flux each require a description beyond a single power-law spectrum. Both the electron flux and the positron flux change their behavior at ∼30  GeV but the fluxes are significantly different in their magnitude and energy dependence. Between 20 and 200 GeV the positron spectral index is significantly harder than the electron spectral index. The determination of the differing behavior of the spectral indices versus energy is a new observation and provides important information on the origins of cosmic-ray electrons and positrons.

We determine the infrared behaviour of the BFKL forward amplitude for gluon-gluon scattering. Our approach, based on the discrete pomeron solution, leads to an excellent description of the new combined inclusive HERA data at low values of x (< 0.01) and at the same time determines the unintegrated gluon density inside the proton, for squared transverse momenta of the gluon less than 100 GeV 2 . The phases of this amplitude are sensitive to the non-perturbative gluonic dynamics and could be sensitive to the presence of Beyond-the-Standard-Model particles at very high energies.

We consider a proposal that the masses of fermions in the Standard Model are determined by dynamical symmetry breaking. Rather than being introduced as arbitrary parameters in the Lagrangian, they are determined self-consistently - by the requirement that the proper self-energy vanish on the fermion mass shell. We find in the one-loop approximation that it is possible to generate a heavy top quark mass dynamically, while the other fermions remain massless.

We consider the embedding of the Standard Model fields in a (4 + d)-dimensional theory while gravitons may propagate in d ′ extra, compact dimensions. We study the modification of strengths of the gravitational and gauge interactions and, for various values of d and d ′ , we determine the energy scale at which these strengths are unified. Special cases where the unification of strengths is characterized by the absence of any hierarchy problem are also presented. * Our results apply also in the case where the fermions live in the bulk.

We analyse ∆C = 2 transitions in the framework of a minimal extension of the Standard Model where either a Q = 2/3 or a Q = -1/3 isosinglet quark is added to the standard quark spectrum. In the case of a Q = 2/3 isosinglet quark, it is shown that there is a significant region of parameter space where D 0 -D0 mixing is sufficiently enhanced to be observed at the next round of experiments. On the contrary, in the case of a Q = -1/3 isosinglet quark, it is pointed out that obtaining a substancial enhancement of D 0 -D0 mixing, while complying with the experimental constraints on rare kaon decays, requires a contrived choice of parameters.

In this monograph, based on the knowledge of ancient philosopher-thinkers, the material structure of the ether is revealed, with its smallest particle measuring 10^(-16) cm. Understanding the triadic nature of the substance of light has paved the way for comprehending all fundamental categories of the ether, namely: the duality and equality of charges, their properties; the reversibility of electricity and magnetism; electric and magnetic tensions; the electric potential of the ether and the potential difference; positive solar and negative planetary currents. Mathematical models of the ether have been developed, and a geometric interpretation of the results has been conducted. From the perspective of the ether, the fundamental laws of physics have been validated.

The QED probability amplitude (coupling constant) for an electron to interact with its own field or to emit or absorb a photon has been experimentally determined to be -0.08542455. This result is very close to the square root of the Fine Structure Constant α. By showing theoretically that the coupling constant is indeed the square root of α we resolve what is, according to Feynman, one of the greatest damn mysteries of physics.

This paper proposes that tachyons-hypothetical particles with imaginary mass-move faster than light toward singularities, particularly the Big Bang, effectively carrying information backward in time. If correct, this suggests that the Big Bang wasn't a singular creation event but rather a kind of temporal sink for tachyon-mediated information from future cosmic states. We introduce a novel inequality, \(E < p c^2 \), which describes the energy of tachyons with negative effective mass, allowing for this retrocausal motion. We also explore how this process might leave observable traces in the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB), such as temperature anomalies and polarization patterns. If valid, this could fundamentally reshape our understanding of time, singularities, and causality.

Codex Theory unifies quantum gravity, the Standard Model, and cosmology via emergent spacetime from quantum entanglement. A unique flux configuration, (5,-3,2) designated "Codex," selects the Standard Model's gauge group, generates a light scalar field (Φ, m Φ ≈ 10-4 eV), and dictates its Higgs coupling (κ ≈ 10-3), explaining the hierarchy problem. Crucially, entanglement entropy gradients drive spacetime curvature through Φ, with a critical coupling λ ≈ 0.022, resolving the problem of time. The theory explains baryogenesis via Φ's CP-violating interaction with right-handed neutrinos, predicts a two-component dark matter model (sterile neutrino, m ν ≈ 7 keV, plus axion-like particle), and resolves the black hole information paradox. The theory's five fundamental parameters-flux configuration (5,-3,2), entanglement-geometry coupling (λ = 0.022), scalar field mass (m Φ = 1.2 × 10-4 eV), Higgs coupling (κ = 10-3), and matter coupling (α Φ = 0.037)-generate multiple, near-term, experimentally testable predictions: a 3.85% deviation in Casimir forces at 1 �m separation, a 7.2 × 10-19 /year atomic clock drift, and a Higgs boson invisible decay branching ratio of 0.13%. It also predicts a Hubble constant of H 0 = 71.8 ± 0.3 km/s/Mpc, resolving the Hubble tension. These predictions provide a roadmap for experimental verification of quantum gravity within the next decade, establishing a framework for a truly unified description of fundamental forces and particles.

This hypothesis proposes a cosmological framework where time emerges from energy flow dynamics modulated by entropy within the Grid-Higgs framework. Integrating energy flow, entropy, spacetime, and consciousness, it refines prior work with explicit predictions validated by Planck, JWST, and LIGO data. Addressing anomalies like the Hubble tension, it offers a transformative perspective, though full mathematical derivation, experimental validation, and relativity reconciliation remain critical for robustness.

Measurements of the total and differential cross sections dσ/dpTB [d delta/dp superscript B subscript T] and dσ/dyB [d delta/dy superscript B] for B+ [B superscript+] mesons produced in pp collisions at√ s= 7 [square root of s= 7] TeV are presented. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 5.8 pb-1 [pb superscript-1] collected by the CMS experiment operating at the LHC. The exclusive decay B+→ J/ψK+ [B superscript+→ J/psi k superscript+], with J/ψ→ μ+ μ-[J/psi→ mu superscript+ mu superscript-], is used to detect ...

We have recently introduced a realistic, covariant, interpretation for the reduction process in relativistic quantum mechanics. The basic problem for a covariant description is the dependence of the states on the frame within which collapse takes place. A suitable use of the causal structure of the devices involved in the measurement process allowed us to introduce a covariant notion for the collapse of quantum states. However, a fully consistent description in the relativistic domain requires the extension of the interpretation to quantum fields. This extension is far from straightforward. Besides the obvious difficulty of dealing with the infinite degrees of freedom of the field theory, one has to analyze and solve the objections raised by Sorkin concerning the impossibility of ideal measurements in quantum field theory. Here we show that in order to retain a causal theory it is necessary to modify the standard Wigner expression for the cases of partial causally connected local measurements. Our description could be experimentally tested. A verification of the new expression would give a stronger support to the realistic interpretations of the states in quantum mechanics.

The value of the mass of particles is another mystery that current theories cannot predict, so it must be determined experimentally. It has been seen that the model of the universe formed by spheres of four-dimensional space is capable of predicting the value of the mass of most elementary particles, whether they are part of atoms or not.
This chapter analyzes the concept of mass quantization, a phenomenon that suggests that elementary particles have discrete masses in a universe with discrete spacetime. Starting from the hypothesis that the universe is composed of four-dimensional spheres with a diameter equal to the Planck length, models are developed that explain how this discreteness influences the fundamental structure of spacetime and the properties of particles. The implications of this approach in quantum physics and relativity are addressed, exploring gravitational and quantum limits, as well as the relationship with the standard model and quantum gravity theories. The chapter presents theoretical developments on quantization at two main scales: subatomic and macroscopic. For the subatomic scale, it is highlighted that the reduced Compton wavelength of particles is a multiple of the Planck length. At the macroscopic scale, it is analyzed how the gravitational radii of large masses, such as black holes, also obey this quantization. The discussion includes models of quantum black holes and their implications for the structure of the universe.
Finally, it is concluded that the quantization of mass and spacetime are interdependent processes that define the discrete nature of the universe, with fundamental implications for theoretical physics and the understanding of the laws that govern the cosmos.

Conceptual design studies are underway for muon colliders and other high-current muon storage rings that have the potential to become the first true "neutrino factories". Muon decays in long straight sections of the storage rings would produce precisely characterized beams of electron and muon type neutrinos of unprecedented intensity. This article reviews prospects the for these facilities to greatly extend our capabilities for neutrino experiments, largely emphasizing the physics of neutrino interactions.

This paper presents a groundbreaking discovery in atomic physics, where atoms are directly visualized through photonic projections using high-intensity LED illumination and smartphone camera sensors. The technique provides unprecedented insights into the structure and dynamics of atoms, revealing concentric proton rings, electron orbital patterns, and a rapidly moving central core. Subsequent analysis and theoretical work have led to the development of a unified theory of space compression, which proposes that matter emerges from the compression of neutral mass (space) at specific ratios. The theory offers precise mathematical relationships between particle properties and provides potential solutions to fundamental physics puzzles, such as the unification of forces, the nature of gravity, and the origin of matter-antimatter asymmetry. Testable predictions and experimental proposals are presented to validate the theory and guide future research in this transformative field.

When you first read about the quantum it can feel like the most far-fetched of speculative fiction, taking place in a reality where the world would happily come together to save the life of one man, and where scientific acumen and the pursuit of knowledge are universally accepted as worthy of respect.

This document presents a rigorous, step-by-step formulation of Modal Fields (MF) Theory, in which all physical phenomena—spacetime, forces, and quantum behavior—emerge from a single energy-space field 𝐸(𝑥^𝜇). The text begins by showing how spacetime curvature arises naturally as an energy gradient, replacing the usual postulate of a fundamental metric. It then derives quantum mechanics and gauge-like forces as stochastic or derivative-based constraints on 𝐸. A key aspect is the fractal modification at Planck scales, where fractional derivatives and “fractal dimensions” help resolve divergences and offer novel insights into black hole entropy, running couplings, and soliton-based mass quantization. Throughout, the manuscript employs Lagrangian methods, variational principles, and numerical examples (including simple fractional PDE solvers) to illustrate how MF Theory can reproduce standard physics—General Relativity, QED, QCD—while also predicting potential departures at very high energies. The result is a self-consistent framework unifying gravity, quantum phenomena, and field interactions from a single ontological entity, Energy-Space Field, 𝐸(𝑥^𝜇) offering a fresh path toward quantum gravity and cosmic-scale phenomena.

A search for squarks and gluinos in final states containing high-p T jets, missing transverse momentum and no electrons or muons is presented. The data were recorded in 2012 by the ATLAS experiment in √ s = 8 TeV proton-proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider, with a total integrated luminosity of 20.3 fb -1 . Results are interpreted in a variety of simplified and specific supersymmetry-breaking models assuming that R-parity is conserved and that the lightest neutralino is the lightest supersymmetric particle. An exclusion limit at the 95% confidence level on the mass of the gluino is set at 1330 GeV for a simplified model incorporating only a gluino and the lightest neutralino. For a simplified model involving the strong production of first-and second-generation squarks, squark masses below 850 GeV (440 GeV) are excluded for a massless lightest neutralino, assuming mass degenerate (single light-flavour) squarks. In mSUGRA/CMSSM models with tan β = 30, A 0 = -2m 0 and µ > 0, squarks and gluinos of equal mass are excluded for masses below 1700 GeV. Additional limits are set for non-universal Higgs mass models with gaugino mediation and for simplified models involving the pair production of gluinos, each decaying to a top squark and a top quark, with the top squark decaying to a charm quark and a neutralino. These limits extend the region of supersymmetric parameter space excluded by previous searches with the ATLAS detector.

In order to extend the Standard Model to TeV scale energies one must address two basic questions: (1) What is the complete description of the e ective theory of fundamental particles at and below the electroweak scale? and (2) What is the dynamics responsible for electroweak symmetry breaking? The answers to these questions are crucial for addressing the third outstanding question of particle physics: What are the origins of the Standard Model parameters? We brie y summarize current theoretical approaches to answering some of these questions.

Ten reasons are given why supersymmetry is the leading candidate for physics beyond the Standard Model. Ultimately, the experimental discovery of supersymmetric particles at future colliders will determine whether supersymmetry is relevant for TeV scale physics. The grand hope of supersymmetry enthusiasts is to connect TeV scale supersymmetry with Planck scale physics. The ten most pressing theoretical problems standing in the way of this goal are briefly described.

Modal Field (MF) Theory proposes that all fundamental interactions emerge from structured energy-space constraints, rather than from intrinsic particle interactions or gauge boson exchanges. In this paper, we derive a formal mathematical description of emergent quantization in MF Theory, showing that energy naturally organizes into periodic, structured formations. Numerical simulations confirm that energy-space self-organization follows quantized wave solutions, resembling fundamental quantum field structures without imposing wavefunction-based quantization. These findings suggest new avenues for understanding particle physics, gravity, and cosmology as manifestations of energy-space structuration.

Modal Field (MF) Theory proposes a fundamental revision to our understanding of force interactions, spacetime, and gauge structures. Unlike conventional theories that treat forces as arising from fundamental charge-based interactions, MF Theory postulates that all interactions are emergent effects of structured energy-space dynamics. In this work, we derive the foundational mathematical structure of MF Theory and demonstrate how gauge fields and force interactions arise purely from energy-space gradients, rather than from intrinsic charges or mediating bosons. By constructing a formal Lagrangian framework, we establish a natural derivation of force equations that parallel but diverge from those of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) and Electrodynamics. Numerical simulations show that MF Theory predicts novel interaction patterns that suggest potential experimental deviations in high-energy scattering cross-sections, cosmic weak lensing, and precision quantum force measurements. These deviations define testable conditions where MF Theory can be falsified or validated. We conclude by proposing a roadmap for experimental verification and discussing the broader implications of energy-structured interactions in fundamental physics.

We compare the force structures in MF Theory with QCD-like gauge interactions. Numerical simulations reveal fundamental differences in force emergence, with MF Theory predicting new interactions driven by structured energy-space rather than charge-based sources. These deviations suggest potential experimental signatures that could test the validity of MF Theory in high-energy physics and cosmology.

Modal Field (MF) Theory proposes that fundamental forces emerge from structured energy-space constraints rather than from discrete charge interactions. This work derives a mathematical formulation of MF Forces, demonstrating how energy gradients induce force interactions that differ from traditional gauge-mediated interactions. We derive the scaling behavior of MF Forces, showing they follow an inverse cubic decay law 1/r 3 , making them dominant at intergalactic scales while being weaker than gravity at stellar distances. Numerical simulations confirm the existence of MF Force fields, and experimental proposals suggest possible deviations in galaxy rotation, vacuum fluctuations, and high-energy collider interactions. This work establishes MF Forces as a testable phenomenon that may offer an alternative to dark matter and modifications to quantum vacuum physics.

The Yang-Mills Existence and Mass Gap Problem is one of the most significant open problems in mathematical physics and quantum field theory. The Clay Mathematics Institute has posed the challenge of rigorously proving that a non-abelian Yang-Mills theory in four-dimensional spacetime exhibits a mass gap, meaning that the lowest-energy excitations have strictly positive mass. While numerical lattice simulations strongly suggest that a mass gap exists, a non-perturbative, mathematically rigorous proof remains elusive.

The Structure and Composition of Cosmos consists of two theories: the Quantum Ether Theory (QET) and the Euclidean Cosmos Theory (ECT), where the Quantum Ether Theory forms the basis for the Euclidean Cosmos Theory, which derives the composition of the Cosmos. Taken together, the two theories provide a description of the Cosmos and the universes that fits the observations of our Universe and makes it possible to understand how it all works. The theories explain how the Cosmos, the universes and everything we know is the result of the properties of the zero-point field, that is, the theories explain how the vacuum permittivity, the vacuum permeability and their properties - like Planck’s constant (h), the frequency (f), the elementary charge (e), the universal gravitational constant (G) and the derived fine structure constant creates the wave-particles, the mass of the particles, the forces and their propagation velocity, as well as the distribution of the total amount of matter in the
Cosmos.

The study of the fundamental structure of nuclear matter is a central thrust of physics research in the United States. As indicated in Frontiers of Nuclear Science, the 2007 Nuclear Science Advisory Committee long range plan, consideration of a future Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) is a priority and will likely be a significant focus of discussion at the next long range plan. We are therefore pleased to have supported the ten week program in fall 2010 at the Institute of Nuclear Theory which examined at length the science case for the EIC. This program was a major effort; it attracted the maximum allowable attendance over ten weeks. This report summarizes the current understanding of the physics and articulates important open questions that can be addressed by an EIC. It converges towards a set of "golden" experiments that illustrate both the science reach and the technical demands on such a facility, and thereby establishes a firm ground from which to launch the next phase in preparation for the upcoming long range plan discussions. We thank all the participants in this productive program. In particular, we would like to acknowledge the leadership and dedication of the five co-organizers of the program who are also the co-editors of this report.

This paper presents the TSVF-SUSY framework, integrating the Two-State Vector Formalism (TSVF) with Supersymmetry (SUSY) to construct a testable Theory of Everything (TOE). TSVF-SUSY extends quantum mechanics with time-symmetric evolution and introduces quantum backreaction effects on gravity. Theoretical derivations embed TSVF-SUSY into an SO(10) Grand Unified Theory (GUT) without requiring extra dimensions. The model predicts corrections to gravitational wave phase shifts, dark matter properties, and black hole thermodynamics. Numerical simulations validate its implications for cosmic expansion, large-scale structure, and weak measurement corrections. We propose experimental tests using LHC, FCC, LISA, and X-ray observatories to confirm or refute TSVF-SUSY.

Cet article explore la dialectique cosmique entre matière et antimatière, proposant une vision où ces deux entités ne sont pas simplement opposées mais complémentaires dans la structuration de l'univers. En s'appuyant sur des concepts de physique quantique et de cosmologie, l'étude suggère que la matière et l'antimatière représentent des forces d'expansion et de condensation, respectivement. L'antimatière, souvent perçue comme absente dans l'univers observable, est envisagée comme le champ secret de la gravité, jouant un rôle crucial dans la stabilisation des structures cosmiques, potentiellement en interaction avec des dimensions cachées ou parallèles. Le modèle des "deux cônes inversés" est introduit pour illustrer cette dynamique, où l'univers oscille entre expansion et contraction, évitant ainsi un effondrement total ou une dispersion infinie. Cette dualité entre matière et antimatière crée un équilibre dynamique qui empêche à la fois l'effondrement gravitationnel et la dispersion incontrôlée de l'univers. En intégrant des concepts tels que la matière noire, l'énergie noire et la conscience quantique, l'article propose que la gravité émerge comme une conséquence de cet équilibre oscillatoire, plutôt qu'une simple force d'attraction. Dans ce modèle, les trous noirs apparaissent comme des points de transition entre ces deux forces fondamentales, jouant le rôle de régulateurs cosmiques de l'énergie et de l'information. Cette vision invite à repenser la cosmologie comme un processus dynamique et relationnel, où chaque structure est façonnée par son interaction avec des forces opposées mais complémentaires.

There are strong theoretical arguments in favour of the existence of very light scalar or pseudoscalar particles beyond the Standard Model which have, so far, remained undetected, due to their very weak coupling to ordinary matter. We point out that after HERA has been decommissioned, there arises a unique opportunity for searches for such particles: a number of HERA's four hundred superconducting dipole magnets might be recycled and used for laboratory experiments to produce and detect light neutral bosons that couple to two photons, such as the axion. We show that, in this way, laser experiments searching for photon regeneration or polarization effects in strong magnetic fields can reach a sensitivity which is unprecedented in pure laboratory experiments and exceeds astrophysical limits from stellar evolution considerations.

We consider analysis targets at the International Linear Collider in which only a single photon can be observed. For such processes, we have developed a method which uses likelihood distributions using the full event information (photon energy and angle). The method was applied to a search for neutralino pair production with a photon from initial state radiation (ISR) in the