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Baseline Report-BIWAL

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2020, Bundelkhand Initiative for Water, Agriculture and Livelihoods (BIWAL) Baseline Report

Abstract

The Context : Bundelkhand region, covering thirteen contiguous districts of Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh, has a long history of water scarcity and droughts. Large numbers of water harvesting tanks, built over the last several centuries by its erstwhile rulers have served as a lifeline for the people, both in times of acute scarcity as well as in years of normal rainfall. Deforestation, diversion of catchment areas for other purposes, siltation and an almost total neglect of maintenance has severely impacted their storage capacity and rendered many of them ineffective. Realising that revival of tanks can provide drought proofing, many efforts have been taken up to rehabilitate the traditional water bodies in Bundelkhand region. The Backdrop : A group of CSOs came together about two years ago to form the Bundelkhand Initiative for Water, Agriculture and Livelihoods (BIWAL), an informal consortium to work on comprehensive economic and social development of Bundelkhand, commencing with the revival of traditional water bodies, with Self Reliant Initiatives through Joint Action (SRIJAN) taking the lead. Bundelkhand Development Authority (BDA) and Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Good Governance and Policy Analysis (IGG), knowledge partner in this initiative, took up the documentation of revival process and conducted a diagnostic study to formulate strategy and operational guidelines for the revival. It was conducted using an approach comprising a mix of secondary data review and collection of primary data from the field. It attempts an objective depiction and analysis of efforts and processes of tank revival under BIWAL. The Revival : A group of Civil Society Organisations (CSOs) with experience of working on issues related to water and livelihoods came together to form an informal consortium named the Bundelkhand Initiative for Water, Agriculture and Livelihoods (BIWAL) for improved land management and water governance in the region. This work was taken up by engaging local communities and in collaboration with the Department of Panchayat and Rural Development, Government of Madhya Pradesh. Strategic Interventions : BIWAL envisaged impacting four areas, viz., water security, community well-being, sustainability and scale. Towards these impacts, BIWAL considered water augmentation, its judicious use, increased income from agriculture, good governance for sustainability, and scaling up with convergence as key strategies. During the first phase, BIWAL was launched with desilting of 54 tanks in six districts (28 tanks in three districts of Madhya Pradesh and 26 tanks in four districts of Uttar Pradesh). This baseline document systematically presents the current status of the Traditional Water Bodies - the Chandela and Bundela tanks - along with the repair and rejuvenation measures and the potential benefits for the communities. It will serve as a reference document for the interested stakeholders and will be useful in assessing the changes and impacts of the revival exercises.This report captures the main aspects of the which were repaired and rejuvenated during the first phase of BIWAL project

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ATAL BIHARI VAJPAYEE INSTITUTE OF GOOD GOVERNANCE AND POLICY ANALYSIS
ATAL BIHARI VAJPAYEE INSTITUTE OF GOOD GOVERNANCE AND POLICY ANALYSIS
Pradesh but also in Madhya Pradesh). Bundelkhand region, covering thirteen contiguous districts of Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh, has a long history of water scarcity and draughts. It covers six districts from Uttar Pradesh (namely, Banda, Chitrakoot, Hamirpur, Jhansi, Lalitpur and Mahoba) and seven districts of Madhya Pradesh (Chhatarpur, Damoh, Datia, Niwari, Panna, Sagar and Tikamgarh). Geographically it straddles across the Vindhyan plateau (largely in Madhya Pradesh) and the Gangetic plains (mostly in Uttar Pradesh but also in Madhya Pradesh).
Pradesh but also in Madhya Pradesh). Bundelkhand region, covering thirteen contiguous districts of Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh, has a long history of water scarcity and draughts. It covers six districts from Uttar Pradesh (namely, Banda, Chitrakoot, Hamirpur, Jhansi, Lalitpur and Mahoba) and seven districts of Madhya Pradesh (Chhatarpur, Damoh, Datia, Niwari, Panna, Sagar and Tikamgarh). Geographically it straddles across the Vindhyan plateau (largely in Madhya Pradesh) and the Gangetic plains (mostly in Uttar Pradesh but also in Madhya Pradesh).
t is recognised that these tanks were constructed to battle water scarcity in a region where monsoons have known to have played truant, every now and then in the past. In the present times, these tanks can play a bigger role by contributing to ground water recharge, irrigation of crops, and water for household needs and livestock rearing. These and other related concerns have led to a realisation that a concerted effort is required for achieving the goal of repair and reconstruction of all tanks and for the rejuvenation of the tank-based economies at the local level. In the absence of a concerted plan either decentralised to the village level or by the government, and despite their continued usefulness, these tanks are in different stages of neglect and degradation. Siltation has reduced storage capacity. Irregular or absence of periodic maintenance has resulted in the waste weirs developing breaches. These have resulted in gradual reduction in the storage volume that can be made available for use. In the long run, this has contributed to water deficiency.
t is recognised that these tanks were constructed to battle water scarcity in a region where monsoons have known to have played truant, every now and then in the past. In the present times, these tanks can play a bigger role by contributing to ground water recharge, irrigation of crops, and water for household needs and livestock rearing. These and other related concerns have led to a realisation that a concerted effort is required for achieving the goal of repair and reconstruction of all tanks and for the rejuvenation of the tank-based economies at the local level. In the absence of a concerted plan either decentralised to the village level or by the government, and despite their continued usefulness, these tanks are in different stages of neglect and degradation. Siltation has reduced storage capacity. Irregular or absence of periodic maintenance has resulted in the waste weirs developing breaches. These have resulted in gradual reduction in the storage volume that can be made available for use. In the long run, this has contributed to water deficiency.
To summarise, a large numbers of water harvesting tanks built over the last several centuries by its erstwhile rulers have served as a lifeline for the people, both in times of acute scarcity as well as in years of normal rainfall. Deforestation, diversion of catchment areas for other purposes, soil erosion and resultant siltation and an almost total neglect of maintenance has severely impacted their storage capacity and rendered many of them ineffective. Realising that revival of tanks can assure drinking water to many people living around the tanks and also can provide drought proofing for agriculture, which in turn will improve economic condition of the people, many efforts have been taken up by the Government and Civil Society Organisations (CSOs) to rehabilitate the traditional water bodies in Bundelkhand region. All these efforts led to a common consensus that the community participation is the key for the success of any revival exercise. Recently, a group of CSOs with long-standing experience of working in the Bundelkhand region, as well as in other parts of MP and UP on issues connected with water and livelihoods came together to form an informal consortium named the Bundelkhand Initiative for Water Agriculture and Livelihoods (BIWAL). It aims to work on a larger and comprehensive economic and social development of Bundelkhand, commencing with reviving the traditional water bodies through planned repair and restoration of the entire water harvesting structure and its associated components, both upstream and downstream. This revival work has been taken up in collaboration with the district administration, with Institute of Good Governance (IGG) is a knowledge partner.
To summarise, a large numbers of water harvesting tanks built over the last several centuries by its erstwhile rulers have served as a lifeline for the people, both in times of acute scarcity as well as in years of normal rainfall. Deforestation, diversion of catchment areas for other purposes, soil erosion and resultant siltation and an almost total neglect of maintenance has severely impacted their storage capacity and rendered many of them ineffective. Realising that revival of tanks can assure drinking water to many people living around the tanks and also can provide drought proofing for agriculture, which in turn will improve economic condition of the people, many efforts have been taken up by the Government and Civil Society Organisations (CSOs) to rehabilitate the traditional water bodies in Bundelkhand region. All these efforts led to a common consensus that the community participation is the key for the success of any revival exercise. Recently, a group of CSOs with long-standing experience of working in the Bundelkhand region, as well as in other parts of MP and UP on issues connected with water and livelihoods came together to form an informal consortium named the Bundelkhand Initiative for Water Agriculture and Livelihoods (BIWAL). It aims to work on a larger and comprehensive economic and social development of Bundelkhand, commencing with reviving the traditional water bodies through planned repair and restoration of the entire water harvesting structure and its associated components, both upstream and downstream. This revival work has been taken up in collaboration with the district administration, with Institute of Good Governance (IGG) is a knowledge partner.
Structure of the Report: This document is organised into two parts - the first part covers the baseline information on the 28 water bodies selected for repairs and rejuvenation in the first phase and the socio-economic characteristics of the community’s dependent on them, the second part contains the 28 baseline reports of the tanks covered in the study.
Structure of the Report: This document is organised into two parts - the first part covers the baseline information on the 28 water bodies selected for repairs and rejuvenation in the first phase and the socio-economic characteristics of the community’s dependent on them, the second part contains the 28 baseline reports of the tanks covered in the study.
2.4.2 Basis for Sampling: For the purpose of sampling for the present study, the water bodies were categorised according to size, uses and geography.
2.4.2 Basis for Sampling: For the purpose of sampling for the present study, the water bodies were categorised according to size, uses and geography.
Table 1: Distribution of tanks selected for revival Based on the usage and size, the 28 tanks under the current phase of BIWAL could be categorised as shown in the following table.
Table 1: Distribution of tanks selected for revival Based on the usage and size, the 28 tanks under the current phase of BIWAL could be categorised as shown in the following table.
Uses: In terms of uses, it was found that the tanks were used for flow irrigation, lift irrigation, fisheries and recharge - groundwater recharge and fisheries being common to all. There were 13 large and 15 small tanks selected for revival, out of which 14 were used mainly for flow irrigation, 12 mainly for lift irrigation and two were multipurpose.
Uses: In terms of uses, it was found that the tanks were used for flow irrigation, lift irrigation, fisheries and recharge - groundwater recharge and fisheries being common to all. There were 13 large and 15 small tanks selected for revival, out of which 14 were used mainly for flow irrigation, 12 mainly for lift irrigation and two were multipurpose.
Fig 2: Map showing Location of Tanks in Niwari district
Fig 2: Map showing Location of Tanks in Niwari district
Fig 3 : Map showing Location of Tanks in Tikamgarh district The common characteristics of these water bodies are presented in this part of the report. The inferences were drawn from analysis of data collected on all 28 tanks was used to draw inferences in this report. For sharpening the understanding, analysis and specific inferences were used from the information collected through FGDs from the twelve villages selected as sample. These findings are presented in the following section.
Fig 3 : Map showing Location of Tanks in Tikamgarh district The common characteristics of these water bodies are presented in this part of the report. The inferences were drawn from analysis of data collected on all 28 tanks was used to draw inferences in this report. For sharpening the understanding, analysis and specific inferences were used from the information collected through FGDs from the twelve villages selected as sample. These findings are presented in the following section.
substantial area under irrigation (6,458 ha or 64.29% of cultivated area), which is almost double the figure for Bundelkhand region. Nearly 92% of it is irrigated by well. About 7.78% of geographic area comes under village common land, including pastures and grazing.
substantial area under irrigation (6,458 ha or 64.29% of cultivated area), which is almost double the figure for Bundelkhand region. Nearly 92% of it is irrigated by well. About 7.78% of geographic area comes under village common land, including pastures and grazing.
3.2.3 Land Holding Pattern: Land holding in the project area is low with 5,381 (38.9%) farmers belonging to the category of marginal farmers. There are 25.56 % households belonging to small farmers, and only 5.44% households belonging to large farmer category. Agriculture is the main occupation of the people in Bundelkhand. The project area comprises of47.52% agriculturists and 38.97% of labourers. Only 3.15 % of the population is engaged in services (salaried jobs) having regular income. There are 2,862 artisans in the project area, at an average of 102per village. Table 3: Landholding Pattern 3.2.2 Occupations: Rainfed agriculture along with livestock rearing is the mainstay of rural economy of this region. Beset on light soils with low moisture holding capacity, agriculture suffered from vagaries of monsoons. A large population of cattle occupied the landscape, with the density of cattle population is one of the highest in India.
3.2.3 Land Holding Pattern: Land holding in the project area is low with 5,381 (38.9%) farmers belonging to the category of marginal farmers. There are 25.56 % households belonging to small farmers, and only 5.44% households belonging to large farmer category. Agriculture is the main occupation of the people in Bundelkhand. The project area comprises of47.52% agriculturists and 38.97% of labourers. Only 3.15 % of the population is engaged in services (salaried jobs) having regular income. There are 2,862 artisans in the project area, at an average of 102per village. Table 3: Landholding Pattern 3.2.2 Occupations: Rainfed agriculture along with livestock rearing is the mainstay of rural economy of this region. Beset on light soils with low moisture holding capacity, agriculture suffered from vagaries of monsoons. A large population of cattle occupied the landscape, with the density of cattle population is one of the highest in India.
Table 12: Crop Production in the Study Area of 28 villages 3.2.5 Livestock: Rearing of livestock is an important part of farming in Bundelkhand, with almost 40% of the farmers owning cattle or buffalo. Many families also rear goats (15.8% of livestock farmers) and sheep (only 1% of livestock farmers), too. Population of bullocks and number of farmers owning them (4.4%) was found to be very low.
Table 12: Crop Production in the Study Area of 28 villages 3.2.5 Livestock: Rearing of livestock is an important part of farming in Bundelkhand, with almost 40% of the farmers owning cattle or buffalo. Many families also rear goats (15.8% of livestock farmers) and sheep (only 1% of livestock farmers), too. Population of bullocks and number of farmers owning them (4.4%) was found to be very low.
3.2.6 Agricultural Implements: While agriculture is the mainstay of rural economy in Bundelkhand the level of technology has not kept pace with the rest of the state. There are only 767 tractors in the study area of 28 villages. Improved implements like seed cum fertiliser drills are present in very low number (less than one per three tractors, in case of tractor operated ones, and less than two pe: village in case of bullock drawn).
3.2.6 Agricultural Implements: While agriculture is the mainstay of rural economy in Bundelkhand the level of technology has not kept pace with the rest of the state. There are only 767 tractors in the study area of 28 villages. Improved implements like seed cum fertiliser drills are present in very low number (less than one per three tractors, in case of tractor operated ones, and less than two pe: village in case of bullock drawn).
Table 6: Agricultural implements in the sample villages
Table 6: Agricultural implements in the sample villages
Embankment of Dagga Talab, Village Sakera Bhadaran The embankments varied in length from 105 m (Mudara, Dist Niwari) to 500 m (Hardua Talab, village Kasar, Dist Chattarpur). Along the length, the embankments were straight or curved or sometimes angular, but that was perhaps to accommodate more storage depending upon the site conditions (topography).
Embankment of Dagga Talab, Village Sakera Bhadaran The embankments varied in length from 105 m (Mudara, Dist Niwari) to 500 m (Hardua Talab, village Kasar, Dist Chattarpur). Along the length, the embankments were straight or curved or sometimes angular, but that was perhaps to accommodate more storage depending upon the site conditions (topography).
Niwavari of district Tikamgadh do not have a constructed spillway; and the surplus runoff is allowed to flow through an open channel as overland flow. Only one tank (village Bachhoda Bhata, Dist Tikamgarh) was found to be without a spillway, perhaps because of very little catchment in relation to its storage capacity. 3.4.3 Sluice and Canals: Five of the sample tanks studied have provision for irrigation. The arrangement consists of a head regulator constructed in stone masonry and canal network. The head regulators are open drop structures in case of three tanks, a box inlet structure with sliding steel gate (sluice) in case of Mudara tank (District Niwari), and a box inlet structure without a gate in case of Neemkhera tank (District Niwari). The mechanical gate of Mudara tank is in not functioning reportedly for more than thirty years. The sluice gate in villages Kasar (Hardua Talab, Dist Chhatarpur) and drop structures in village Niwavari (Dist Tikamgarh) are in working order. The other two structures were found to be not working.
Niwavari of district Tikamgadh do not have a constructed spillway; and the surplus runoff is allowed to flow through an open channel as overland flow. Only one tank (village Bachhoda Bhata, Dist Tikamgarh) was found to be without a spillway, perhaps because of very little catchment in relation to its storage capacity. 3.4.3 Sluice and Canals: Five of the sample tanks studied have provision for irrigation. The arrangement consists of a head regulator constructed in stone masonry and canal network. The head regulators are open drop structures in case of three tanks, a box inlet structure with sliding steel gate (sluice) in case of Mudara tank (District Niwari), and a box inlet structure without a gate in case of Neemkhera tank (District Niwari). The mechanical gate of Mudara tank is in not functioning reportedly for more than thirty years. The sluice gate in villages Kasar (Hardua Talab, Dist Chhatarpur) and drop structures in village Niwavari (Dist Tikamgarh) are in working order. The other two structures were found to be not working.
Canals are visible in two villages - Niwavari (Dist Tikamgarh) and Lidhaura Touri (Dist Tikamgarh). Canal in Lidhaura Touri is in damaged condition. The canal network could not be traced in two villages - Neemkhera and Birora Khet (both in District Niwari). The villagers reported that the canals stopped flowing more than 40 years ago and subsequently got damaged in regular cultivation.
Canals are visible in two villages - Niwavari (Dist Tikamgarh) and Lidhaura Touri (Dist Tikamgarh). Canal in Lidhaura Touri is in damaged condition. The canal network could not be traced in two villages - Neemkhera and Birora Khet (both in District Niwari). The villagers reported that the canals stopped flowing more than 40 years ago and subsequently got damaged in regular cultivation.
Canal in Nivawari Tal, Village Rampura urf Nivawari 3.4.4 Tank Hydrology: The tanks have a catchment area ranging from 26 ha (Nayakheda, District Chhatarpur) to 600 ha (Bada Talab,Naiguwan, District Chhatarpur). The submergence area of the tanks varied from 0.5ha (Raipura Khas, Dist Niwari) to 18.2 ha (Guna, Dist Tikamgarh). Depth of the tank is varied from 2.0 m (Birora Khet and Sarsoura, Dist Niwari) to over 8.25 m (Churwari, Dist
Canal in Nivawari Tal, Village Rampura urf Nivawari 3.4.4 Tank Hydrology: The tanks have a catchment area ranging from 26 ha (Nayakheda, District Chhatarpur) to 600 ha (Bada Talab,Naiguwan, District Chhatarpur). The submergence area of the tanks varied from 0.5ha (Raipura Khas, Dist Niwari) to 18.2 ha (Guna, Dist Tikamgarh). Depth of the tank is varied from 2.0 m (Birora Khet and Sarsoura, Dist Niwari) to over 8.25 m (Churwari, Dist
During the year 2018-19, 1658farmers could irrigate their 1742 ha of cropland from these 28 tanks. The figure varied from year to year depending upon the rainfall pattern and resultant impounding. The highest coverage was from Bada Talab, Naiguwan (District Chhatarpur), where 85 farmers could irrigate 145 ha of their crops, and the least was in Barat (District Chhatarpur), where 30 farmers irrigated their 13 ha of land. There was no irrigation possible in village Niwavari (Dist Tikamgadh) due to water scarcity. One tank in village Guna, District Tikamgadh is not used for irrigation. Crop after silt applied farm, Village Bhamora Khas
During the year 2018-19, 1658farmers could irrigate their 1742 ha of cropland from these 28 tanks. The figure varied from year to year depending upon the rainfall pattern and resultant impounding. The highest coverage was from Bada Talab, Naiguwan (District Chhatarpur), where 85 farmers could irrigate 145 ha of their crops, and the least was in Barat (District Chhatarpur), where 30 farmers irrigated their 13 ha of land. There was no irrigation possible in village Niwavari (Dist Tikamgadh) due to water scarcity. One tank in village Guna, District Tikamgadh is not used for irrigation. Crop after silt applied farm, Village Bhamora Khas
Livestock farmers use all tanks to meet drinking water needs of their animals and for washing and cleaning. In all 12,904 farmers derive this benefit for their livestock. Almost all tanks are used for washing and bathing by nearly 8,891 families. These activities normally continue till spring, when the tanks start drying up and water turns muddy.
Livestock farmers use all tanks to meet drinking water needs of their animals and for washing and cleaning. In all 12,904 farmers derive this benefit for their livestock. Almost all tanks are used for washing and bathing by nearly 8,891 families. These activities normally continue till spring, when the tanks start drying up and water turns muddy.
Damaged Waste Weir in Kothi Talab, Village Nayakheda There have been instances of reported leakage through embankment, but physical inspection after rainy season confirmed minor seepage at the bottom of the embankment only in one tank (Bachhoda, District Tikamagarh) cases. There was no consistent reporting on location and quantum of leakage during the FGDs. But, all reported cased were checked at the respective site after the tanks got filled up in the monsoon. Non-functional components like sluice gates or head regulators and damaged canal networks were reported as problems in all irrigation tanks. Similarly, broken or eroded waste weirs were observed in five tanks.
Damaged Waste Weir in Kothi Talab, Village Nayakheda There have been instances of reported leakage through embankment, but physical inspection after rainy season confirmed minor seepage at the bottom of the embankment only in one tank (Bachhoda, District Tikamagarh) cases. There was no consistent reporting on location and quantum of leakage during the FGDs. But, all reported cased were checked at the respective site after the tanks got filled up in the monsoon. Non-functional components like sluice gates or head regulators and damaged canal networks were reported as problems in all irrigation tanks. Similarly, broken or eroded waste weirs were observed in five tanks.
4.2.5 Water Management: Traditional water management practices and systems were not seen in any of the tank. But, it is possible to re-establish community managed water distribution and water governance systems. Systematic capacity building of Tank Management Committees is required on priority.
4.2.5 Water Management: Traditional water management practices and systems were not seen in any of the tank. But, it is possible to re-establish community managed water distribution and water governance systems. Systematic capacity building of Tank Management Committees is required on priority.
In this part, Baseline Reports of nine Tanks of district Chhatarpur are presented in the following sequences.
In this part, Baseline Reports of nine Tanks of district Chhatarpur are presented in the following sequences.
1.1 Location: Village Amarpura (Census Code :458409) is located on Chhatarpur-Satai road at a distance of 42 km from District Headquarters of Chhatarpur in South-east direction. Table 1: Land Use Pattern
1.1 Location: Village Amarpura (Census Code :458409) is located on Chhatarpur-Satai road at a distance of 42 km from District Headquarters of Chhatarpur in South-east direction. Table 1: Land Use Pattern
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers 2.1 Population: The village has population of 1075 (204 households) with a sex ratio of 947, as per The percentage of SC population and ST population is 2 % and 16 % respectively according to Census data of 2011.
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers 2.1 Population: The village has population of 1075 (204 households) with a sex ratio of 947, as per The percentage of SC population and ST population is 2 % and 16 % respectively according to Census data of 2011.
1.3 Rainfall: Rainfall data for Bada Malhara,the nearest station to Block Bijawar for 17 years indicated that the Annual Average Rainfall is 1086 mm, with 92.9% falling in the monsoon season from June to September. Coefficient of Variation for the seasonal rainfall was found to be 34.02%.
1.3 Rainfall: Rainfall data for Bada Malhara,the nearest station to Block Bijawar for 17 years indicated that the Annual Average Rainfall is 1086 mm, with 92.9% falling in the monsoon season from June to September. Coefficient of Variation for the seasonal rainfall was found to be 34.02%.
3.1 Occupations: It comprises of 150 agriculturists and 120 of labourers. No one from the village . 1 ge 1 . FY \ re Pi = i. oY ow
3.1 Occupations: It comprises of 150 agriculturists and 120 of labourers. No one from the village . 1 ge 1 . FY \ re Pi = i. oY ow
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers
3.4 Crop Yields: Normal crop yields of the main crops are presented in the following table, along with the best and the worst yields in normal rainfall years. These are quite below the State average.
3.4 Crop Yields: Normal crop yields of the main crops are presented in the following table, along with the best and the worst yields in normal rainfall years. These are quite below the State average.
Table 7: Yield of Principle Crops Table 8: Livestock Holding
Table 7: Yield of Principle Crops Table 8: Livestock Holding
4.3 Other Community Institutions: Reportedly, there are no other community based organisations functional in the village at the time of the study. The nearest Multipurpose Cooperative Society i: available in village Satai at a distance of 5 km. Nearest bank is available at Satai.
4.3 Other Community Institutions: Reportedly, there are no other community based organisations functional in the village at the time of the study. The nearest Multipurpose Cooperative Society i: available in village Satai at a distance of 5 km. Nearest bank is available at Satai.
5.2 Construction: Embankment of the tank is made of stone wall in dry rubble masonry and backfilled with soil. Length of the embankment is 450 m with height of 3.33 m. Its base width is 35 m and top width is 4.5 m. Waste weir is made of Cement Concrete masonry. Waste Weir have length of 4.30 m and height of 1.25 m. Base width of waste weir is 8.3 m and top width is 0.80 cm. The tank has no sluice and canal attached for water distribution. Chiya Tal is located at Latitude: 24°29'57.26"N and Longitude: 79°33'16.77"E.
5.2 Construction: Embankment of the tank is made of stone wall in dry rubble masonry and backfilled with soil. Length of the embankment is 450 m with height of 3.33 m. Its base width is 35 m and top width is 4.5 m. Waste weir is made of Cement Concrete masonry. Waste Weir have length of 4.30 m and height of 1.25 m. Base width of waste weir is 8.3 m and top width is 0.80 cm. The tank has no sluice and canal attached for water distribution. Chiya Tal is located at Latitude: 24°29'57.26"N and Longitude: 79°33'16.77"E.
Fig 5: Map showing Chiya Tal and its Catchment Area About 12 farmers lift water from the tank using oil engine to irrigate their 20 ha of land in winter. In addition, 15 farmers get irrigation benefit on 15 ha of their winter through recharge to 10 dugwells and 2 borewells.
Fig 5: Map showing Chiya Tal and its Catchment Area About 12 farmers lift water from the tank using oil engine to irrigate their 20 ha of land in winter. In addition, 15 farmers get irrigation benefit on 15 ha of their winter through recharge to 10 dugwells and 2 borewells.
6. Proposed Revival Measures
6. Proposed Revival Measures
1.2 Land Use: Data indicates that 57 % of the land is under agriculture. About 87 % of the area is irrigated by waterfall indicating wells as main source of irrigation. 1.1 Location: Village Barat (Census Code :457735) is located on Nowgong-Chhatarpur road at a distance of 22 km from District Headquarters of Chhatarpur in the North.
1.2 Land Use: Data indicates that 57 % of the land is under agriculture. About 87 % of the area is irrigated by waterfall indicating wells as main source of irrigation. 1.1 Location: Village Barat (Census Code :457735) is located on Nowgong-Chhatarpur road at a distance of 22 km from District Headquarters of Chhatarpur in the North.
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers 2.1 Population: The village has population of 1285 (with 240 household) as per follows. The percentage of SC population and ST population is 17 % and 0 % respectively according to Census data of 2011. 2.2 Housing: The village has 55 Pacca houses, 35 Kaccha houses and 15 Huts.
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers 2.1 Population: The village has population of 1285 (with 240 household) as per follows. The percentage of SC population and ST population is 17 % and 0 % respectively according to Census data of 2011. 2.2 Housing: The village has 55 Pacca houses, 35 Kaccha houses and 15 Huts.
1.4 Water Bodies: The village has one water body, a traditional tank built during Chandela era, spread over an area of 5.25 ha. It is called Barat Talab, and is used for fishing and for livestock. During Rabi, about 80 local farmers lift water from this tank for irrigating their farms to the extent of 125 ha. It has a catchment of 46 ha.
1.4 Water Bodies: The village has one water body, a traditional tank built during Chandela era, spread over an area of 5.25 ha. It is called Barat Talab, and is used for fishing and for livestock. During Rabi, about 80 local farmers lift water from this tank for irrigating their farms to the extent of 125 ha. It has a catchment of 46 ha.
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers Table 3: Landholding Pattern
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers Table 3: Landholding Pattern
3.3 Principal Crops: Village has 430 ha area under cultivation in Rabi (winter) season belonging to 450 farmers. Reportedly there is no cultivation of summer and perennial crops in the village.
3.3 Principal Crops: Village has 430 ha area under cultivation in Rabi (winter) season belonging to 450 farmers. Reportedly there is no cultivation of summer and perennial crops in the village.
Table 5: Yield of Principle Crops 3.5 Livestock: The village has almost all households rearing livestock. About 34 families rear buffaloes, and nearly 30 rear cows. About 40 families own goat in large numbers.
Table 5: Yield of Principle Crops 3.5 Livestock: The village has almost all households rearing livestock. About 34 families rear buffaloes, and nearly 30 rear cows. About 40 families own goat in large numbers.
5.2 Construction: Embankment of the tank is made of stone wall in dry rubble masonry and backfilled with soil. Length of the embankment is 455 m with height of 3.33 m. Its base width is 35 m_ and top width is 4.5 m. Waste weir is made of Cement Concrete with a length of 1.21 m and height of 0.76 m. Base width of waste weir is 0.91 m and top width is 0.10 m. The tank has no sluice and canal attached for water distribution. This Tank is located at Latitude: 25°2'23.40" N and Longitude: TOS 2572" Es
5.2 Construction: Embankment of the tank is made of stone wall in dry rubble masonry and backfilled with soil. Length of the embankment is 455 m with height of 3.33 m. Its base width is 35 m_ and top width is 4.5 m. Waste weir is made of Cement Concrete with a length of 1.21 m and height of 0.76 m. Base width of waste weir is 0.91 m and top width is 0.10 m. The tank has no sluice and canal attached for water distribution. This Tank is located at Latitude: 25°2'23.40" N and Longitude: TOS 2572" Es
5.5 Irrigation Benefits: About 15 farmers use water by lifting with their own individual oil engines. Another 25 farmers are using shared engines for irrigation. During the last year, over 80 farmers irrigated their winter crops for four months on 125 ha of land. Reportedly, about 10 farmers used to irrigate their 8 ha of land about 10 years ago.
5.5 Irrigation Benefits: About 15 farmers use water by lifting with their own individual oil engines. Another 25 farmers are using shared engines for irrigation. During the last year, over 80 farmers irrigated their winter crops for four months on 125 ha of land. Reportedly, about 10 farmers used to irrigate their 8 ha of land about 10 years ago.
5.3 Hydrology: Barat Talab have catchment area of 46 ha. The submergence area of tank is 5.25 ha. Depth of the tank is reduced from 8 m to 7.3 m. Storage capacity of the tank in present is 26,250 cum.
5.3 Hydrology: Barat Talab have catchment area of 46 ha. The submergence area of tank is 5.25 ha. Depth of the tank is reduced from 8 m to 7.3 m. Storage capacity of the tank in present is 26,250 cum.
Source: Revenue Records, 2011
Source: Revenue Records, 2011
1.1 Location: Village Churwari (Census Code: 457698) is located on Chhatarpur-Nowgong road at a distance of 48 km from District Headquarters of Chhatarpur. The village is situated in North direction from village Kartol, which is 36 km from district headquarter. Table 1: Land Use Pattern
1.1 Location: Village Churwari (Census Code: 457698) is located on Chhatarpur-Nowgong road at a distance of 48 km from District Headquarters of Chhatarpur. The village is situated in North direction from village Kartol, which is 36 km from district headquarter. Table 1: Land Use Pattern
The percentage of SC population is 27 % and 1 household of ST population according to Census data of 2011. 2.1 Population: The village has population of 2100 (with 450 household) as per follows. 2.2 Housing: The village has 801 Pacca houses,231 Kaccha houses and 47 Huts.
The percentage of SC population is 27 % and 1 household of ST population according to Census data of 2011. 2.1 Population: The village has population of 2100 (with 450 household) as per follows. 2.2 Housing: The village has 801 Pacca houses,231 Kaccha houses and 47 Huts.
1.4 Water Bodies: The village has one traditional tank spread over an area of 23 ha. It was built during Chandela era, and is called Bada Talab. It is used for fishing and for livestock. During Rabi, about 80 local farmers lift water from this tank for irrigating their farms to around 152 ha. It has a catchment of 471.77 ha.
1.4 Water Bodies: The village has one traditional tank spread over an area of 23 ha. It was built during Chandela era, and is called Bada Talab. It is used for fishing and for livestock. During Rabi, about 80 local farmers lift water from this tank for irrigating their farms to around 152 ha. It has a catchment of 471.77 ha.
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers
Table 3: Landholding Pattern
Table 3: Landholding Pattern
Table 12: Yield of Principle Crops
Table 12: Yield of Principle Crops
Table 5: Number of Livestock
Table 5: Number of Livestock
Table 4: Crop Production in the Village
Table 4: Crop Production in the Village
3.6 Farm Implements: The village has 20 families owning tractors with tractor drawn implements like mould board plough. Only five of them have tractor operated seed-cum-fertiliser drill. The village also has 6 threshers. This is a very small number compared to the number of farmers in the village.
3.6 Farm Implements: The village has 20 families owning tractors with tractor drawn implements like mould board plough. Only five of them have tractor operated seed-cum-fertiliser drill. The village also has 6 threshers. This is a very small number compared to the number of farmers in the village.
5.5 Irrigation Benefits: The tank has a sluice and canal; it is in state of disuse. About ten farmers use water by lifting with their own oil engines. Another ten farmers are irrigating their farms using shared engines. More than ten years ago, about 5 farmers used to irrigate their 8 ha of land in this manner. In the last year, 30 ha belonging to 25 farmers could be irrigated for four months.
5.5 Irrigation Benefits: The tank has a sluice and canal; it is in state of disuse. About ten farmers use water by lifting with their own oil engines. Another ten farmers are irrigating their farms using shared engines. More than ten years ago, about 5 farmers used to irrigate their 8 ha of land in this manner. In the last year, 30 ha belonging to 25 farmers could be irrigated for four months.
5.4 Tank Usage: The main uses of the tank are fish farming, cleaning and livestock purposes. There are 10 families in the village who do fish farming from the month of August to month of February.
5.4 Tank Usage: The main uses of the tank are fish farming, cleaning and livestock purposes. There are 10 families in the village who do fish farming from the month of August to month of February.
Table 1: Land Use Pattern
Table 1: Land Use Pattern
1.2 Land Use: Data indicates that most of the land of the village is under agriculture which is 61 %. Village has about 46 % of land irrigated by wells. 1 Location: Jhamtuli (Census Code :458047) is located on Khajuraho road at a distance of 35 km rom District Headquarters Chhatarpur in the South-east direction.
1.2 Land Use: Data indicates that most of the land of the village is under agriculture which is 61 %. Village has about 46 % of land irrigated by wells. 1 Location: Jhamtuli (Census Code :458047) is located on Khajuraho road at a distance of 35 km rom District Headquarters Chhatarpur in the South-east direction.
2.1 Population: The village has population of 5400 (with 1120 household) as per follows. 3.1 Occupations: It comprises of 500 agriculturists and 600 of labourers. Only 10 person’s village population are engaged in services (salaried jobs). There are 40 artisans in the village.
2.1 Population: The village has population of 5400 (with 1120 household) as per follows. 3.1 Occupations: It comprises of 500 agriculturists and 600 of labourers. Only 10 person’s village population are engaged in services (salaried jobs). There are 40 artisans in the village.
1.4 Water Bodies: The village has one traditional tank called Madiya Talab which is used for the purposes of recharge, irrigation, livestock and fish rearing. Tank is spread over an area of 3.5 ha. During Rabi, about 55 local farmers lift water from this tank for irrigating their farms of about 28 ha. It has a catchment of 104 ha.
1.4 Water Bodies: The village has one traditional tank called Madiya Talab which is used for the purposes of recharge, irrigation, livestock and fish rearing. Tank is spread over an area of 3.5 ha. During Rabi, about 55 local farmers lift water from this tank for irrigating their farms of about 28 ha. It has a catchment of 104 ha.
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field officials Table 4: Landholding Pattern
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field officials Table 4: Landholding Pattern
3.4 Crop Yields: Normal crop yields of the main crops are presented in the following table, along with the best and the worst yields in normal rainfall years. These are quite below the State average.
3.4 Crop Yields: Normal crop yields of the main crops are presented in the following table, along with the best and the worst yields in normal rainfall years. These are quite below the State average.
Table 8: Assets Present in the Village
Table 8: Assets Present in the Village
5.4 Tank Usage: As participants revealed the main usage of the tanks are fish harvesting and livestock purposes. There are 15 families in the village who do farming from the month of September to month of May. Seasonal uses of the tank are presented in the following table.
5.4 Tank Usage: As participants revealed the main usage of the tanks are fish harvesting and livestock purposes. There are 15 families in the village who do farming from the month of September to month of May. Seasonal uses of the tank are presented in the following table.
1.2 Land Use: Data indicates that most of the land of the village is under pastures which is 43 % Only 18 % of the land is under agriculture. About 90 % of the area is irrigated by wells indicating wells as main source of irrigation. About 10 % of the land is irrigated by canal. 1.1 Location: Village Kasar (Census Code :458335) is located on Chhatarpur-Satai road at a distance of 30 km from District Headquarters of Chhatarpur. Village is situated at a distance of 5 km South of Satai village, which is 27 km from district headquarter in South direction.
1.2 Land Use: Data indicates that most of the land of the village is under pastures which is 43 % Only 18 % of the land is under agriculture. About 90 % of the area is irrigated by wells indicating wells as main source of irrigation. About 10 % of the land is irrigated by canal. 1.1 Location: Village Kasar (Census Code :458335) is located on Chhatarpur-Satai road at a distance of 30 km from District Headquarters of Chhatarpur. Village is situated at a distance of 5 km South of Satai village, which is 27 km from district headquarter in South direction.
2.1 Population: The village has population of 2100 (with 450 household) as per follows.
2.1 Population: The village has population of 2100 (with 450 household) as per follows.
1.4 Water Bodies: The village has two water bodies, one traditional tank and one river. traditional tank was built during Chandela era, spread over an area of 44 haa. It is called Hardua talab, and is used for fishing and for livestock. During Rabi, about 70 local farmers lift water from this tank for irrigating their farms to the extend of 110 ha. It has a catchment of 458 ha as shown in the map below.
1.4 Water Bodies: The village has two water bodies, one traditional tank and one river. traditional tank was built during Chandela era, spread over an area of 44 haa. It is called Hardua talab, and is used for fishing and for livestock. During Rabi, about 70 local farmers lift water from this tank for irrigating their farms to the extend of 110 ha. It has a catchment of 458 ha as shown in the map below.
3.1 Occupations: It comprises of 200 agriculturists and 250 of labourers. Only 4 persons from villag sopulation are engaged in services (salaried jobs). There are 10 artisans in the village.
3.1 Occupations: It comprises of 200 agriculturists and 250 of labourers. Only 4 persons from villag sopulation are engaged in services (salaried jobs). There are 10 artisans in the village.
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field officials Table 4: Landholding Pattern
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field officials Table 4: Landholding Pattern
Table 6: Yield of Principle Crops
Table 6: Yield of Principle Crops
3.5 Livestock: The village has almost all households rearing livestock. About 30 families rea1 buffaloes, and nearly 75 rear cows. About 40 families owns goat in large numbers. Table 7: Livestock Holding
3.5 Livestock: The village has almost all households rearing livestock. About 30 families rea1 buffaloes, and nearly 75 rear cows. About 40 families owns goat in large numbers. Table 7: Livestock Holding
Table 5: Crop Production in the Village
Table 5: Crop Production in the Village
4.1 Women’s SHGs: Reportedly no Self Help group is present in the village at the time of study.
4.1 Women’s SHGs: Reportedly no Self Help group is present in the village at the time of study.
5.4 Tank Usage: As participants revealed the main usage of the tanks are fish harvesting, cleaning purposes and livestock purposes. There are 4 families in the village who do fish harvesting from the month of August to month of January.
5.4 Tank Usage: As participants revealed the main usage of the tanks are fish harvesting, cleaning purposes and livestock purposes. There are 4 families in the village who do fish harvesting from the month of August to month of January.
1.1 Location: Village Nandgaon Khurd (Census Code :458333) is located on Chhatarpur-Satai roac at a distance of 31 km from District Headquarters of Chhatarpur. Village is situated at a distance o 9 km South of Satai village, which is 27 km from district headquarter in South direction. Table 1: Land Use Pattern
1.1 Location: Village Nandgaon Khurd (Census Code :458333) is located on Chhatarpur-Satai roac at a distance of 31 km from District Headquarters of Chhatarpur. Village is situated at a distance o 9 km South of Satai village, which is 27 km from district headquarter in South direction. Table 1: Land Use Pattern
2.1 Population: The village has population of 1300 (with 215 household) as per follows. The percentage of SC population and ST population is 41 % and 0 % respectively according to Census data of 2011.
2.1 Population: The village has population of 1300 (with 215 household) as per follows. The percentage of SC population and ST population is 41 % and 0 % respectively according to Census data of 2011.
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers 3.2 Land holding Pattern: Data indicates that most of the villagers (140 households) belong to th category of marginal farmers, as shown below.
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers 3.2 Land holding Pattern: Data indicates that most of the villagers (140 households) belong to th category of marginal farmers, as shown below.
3.4 Crop Yields: Normal crop yields of the main crops are presented in the following table, along with the best and the worst yields in normal rainfall years. These are quite below the State average. Table 6: Yield of Principle Crops
3.4 Crop Yields: Normal crop yields of the main crops are presented in the following table, along with the best and the worst yields in normal rainfall years. These are quite below the State average. Table 6: Yield of Principle Crops
3.5 Livestock: The village has almost all households rearing livestock. About 60 families rea1 buffaloes, and nearly 70 rear cows. About 30 families owns goat in large numbers.
3.5 Livestock: The village has almost all households rearing livestock. About 60 families rea1 buffaloes, and nearly 70 rear cows. About 30 families owns goat in large numbers.
5.4 Tank Usage: The main usage of the tanks is fish farming, cleaning and livestock purposes. There are four families in the village who do fish farming from the month of August to March.
5.4 Tank Usage: The main usage of the tanks is fish farming, cleaning and livestock purposes. There are four families in the village who do fish farming from the month of August to March.
5.5 Irrigation Benefits: During the last year, five farmers use water by lifting with their own individual oil engines. About 10 years ago, only 2 farmers used to irrigate their 2 ha of land in this manner. In the last year, 33 farmers could irrigate 55 ha of their land for four months.
5.5 Irrigation Benefits: During the last year, five farmers use water by lifting with their own individual oil engines. About 10 years ago, only 2 farmers used to irrigate their 2 ha of land in this manner. In the last year, 33 farmers could irrigate 55 ha of their land for four months.
Table 1: Land Use Pattern Baseline Report of Bada Talab, Village Naiguwan Block Chhatarpur, District Chhatarpur
Table 1: Land Use Pattern Baseline Report of Bada Talab, Village Naiguwan Block Chhatarpur, District Chhatarpur
1.4 Water Bodies: The village has one water body, one traditional tank known as Bada Talab built during Chandela era, spread over an area of 9 ha. It is used for fishing and for livestock. During Rabi, about 85 local farmers lift water from this tank for irrigating their farms to the extend of 145 ha. It has a catchment of 171.66 ha as shown in the map below.
1.4 Water Bodies: The village has one water body, one traditional tank known as Bada Talab built during Chandela era, spread over an area of 9 ha. It is used for fishing and for livestock. During Rabi, about 85 local farmers lift water from this tank for irrigating their farms to the extend of 145 ha. It has a catchment of 171.66 ha as shown in the map below.
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field officials The percentage of SC population and ST population is 39 % and 1 family respectively according t Census data of 2011. 2.1 Population: The village has population of 5300 (with 1015 household) as per follows.
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field officials The percentage of SC population and ST population is 39 % and 1 family respectively according t Census data of 2011. 2.1 Population: The village has population of 5300 (with 1015 household) as per follows.
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field officials
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field officials
3.1 Occupations: It comprises of 1500 agriculturists and 300 of labourers. Only 6 persons from th village population are engaged in services (salaried jobs). There are 60 artisans in the village.
3.1 Occupations: It comprises of 1500 agriculturists and 300 of labourers. Only 6 persons from th village population are engaged in services (salaried jobs). There are 60 artisans in the village.
Table 4: Landholding Pattern
Table 4: Landholding Pattern
3.4 Crop Yields: Normal crop yields of the main crops are presented in the following table, along with the best and the worst yields in normal rainfall years. These are quite below the State average. Table 6: Yield of Principle Crops
3.4 Crop Yields: Normal crop yields of the main crops are presented in the following table, along with the best and the worst yields in normal rainfall years. These are quite below the State average. Table 6: Yield of Principle Crops
3.5 Livestock: The village has almost all households rearing livestock. About 600 families rear buffaloes, and nearly 200 rear cows. About 50 families owns goat in large numbers. Table 8: Assets present in the village
3.5 Livestock: The village has almost all households rearing livestock. About 600 families rear buffaloes, and nearly 200 rear cows. About 50 families owns goat in large numbers. Table 8: Assets present in the village
Table 9: Functional Self Help Groups in the Village
Table 9: Functional Self Help Groups in the Village
5.3 Hydrology: Bada Talab have catchment area of 171.66 ha. The submergence area of tank is 9 ha. Depth of the tank is reduced from 7 m to 6.3 m. Storage capacity of the tank in present is 450000 cum.
5.3 Hydrology: Bada Talab have catchment area of 171.66 ha. The submergence area of tank is 9 ha. Depth of the tank is reduced from 7 m to 6.3 m. Storage capacity of the tank in present is 450000 cum.
5.4 Tank Usage: As participants revealed the main usage of the tanks are fish harvesting, cleaning purposes and livestock purposes. There are 10 families in the village who do farming from the month of September to month of May.
5.4 Tank Usage: As participants revealed the main usage of the tanks are fish harvesting, cleaning purposes and livestock purposes. There are 10 families in the village who do farming from the month of September to month of May.
6. Proposed Revival Measures
6. Proposed Revival Measures
7. Potential Benefits 7.1 Economic Benefits: Increased availability of water and improved soil fertility are the most prominent immediate results of the intervention. Increase in production and yields, especially of winter (Rabi) crops, is going to be the most prominent direct outcome of the soil and water conservation measures undertaken in the project under BIWAL.
7. Potential Benefits 7.1 Economic Benefits: Increased availability of water and improved soil fertility are the most prominent immediate results of the intervention. Increase in production and yields, especially of winter (Rabi) crops, is going to be the most prominent direct outcome of the soil and water conservation measures undertaken in the project under BIWAL.
1.1 Location: Village Nayakheda (Census Code :458431) is located on Chhatarpur-Sagar road at a distance of 85 km from District Headquarters of Chhatarpur. Village is situated at a distance of 6 km of Ghuwara in South-west direction, which is 77 km from district headquarters in South-west direction. Table 1: Land use pattern
1.1 Location: Village Nayakheda (Census Code :458431) is located on Chhatarpur-Sagar road at a distance of 85 km from District Headquarters of Chhatarpur. Village is situated at a distance of 6 km of Ghuwara in South-west direction, which is 77 km from district headquarters in South-west direction. Table 1: Land use pattern
1.3 Rainfall: Rainfall data for Buxwaha station for the last 23 years indicated that the Annual Average Rainfall is 979.23 mm, with 94.30% falling in the monsoon season from June to September The Coefficient of Variation for the seasonal rainfall was found to be 30.70%.
1.3 Rainfall: Rainfall data for Buxwaha station for the last 23 years indicated that the Annual Average Rainfall is 979.23 mm, with 94.30% falling in the monsoon season from June to September The Coefficient of Variation for the seasonal rainfall was found to be 30.70%.
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field officials
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field officials
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field officials 2.1 Population: The village has population of 300 (with 48 household) as per follows.
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field officials 2.1 Population: The village has population of 300 (with 48 household) as per follows.
3.1 Occupations: It comprises of 30 agriculturists and 20 of labourers. There are no persons in services (salaried jobs) in village. There are 2 artisans in the village.
3.1 Occupations: It comprises of 30 agriculturists and 20 of labourers. There are no persons in services (salaried jobs) in village. There are 2 artisans in the village.
3.2 Land holding Pattern: Reportedly there are no families in the category of medium and large farmers. Most of the villagers (30) belong to the category of landless. 13 families belong to category marginal farmers.
3.2 Land holding Pattern: Reportedly there are no families in the category of medium and large farmers. Most of the villagers (30) belong to the category of landless. 13 families belong to category marginal farmers.
Table 6: Yield of Principle Crops
Table 6: Yield of Principle Crops
3.5 Livestock: The village has few households rearing livestock. No families own buffalo in the village. About 6 families owns goat in large numbers. 25 of the families owns cows in the village.
3.5 Livestock: The village has few households rearing livestock. No families own buffalo in the village. About 6 families owns goat in large numbers. 25 of the families owns cows in the village.
Table 8: Assets Present in the Village
Table 8: Assets Present in the Village
4.2 Tank Management Committee: For management of revival work a Tank Management Committee was formed. Currently, the exact number of members is under revision. So far the TMC has been active in supervision of silt removal and its application to the farms. Table 7: Livestock Holding
4.2 Tank Management Committee: For management of revival work a Tank Management Committee was formed. Currently, the exact number of members is under revision. So far the TMC has been active in supervision of silt removal and its application to the farms. Table 7: Livestock Holding
).4 Tank Usage: As participants revealed the main usage of the tanks are fish harvesting, cleaning urposes and livestock purposes. There are 8 families in the village who do farming from the month f August to month of February.
).4 Tank Usage: As participants revealed the main usage of the tanks are fish harvesting, cleaning urposes and livestock purposes. There are 8 families in the village who do farming from the month f August to month of February.
About 8 farmers lift water from the tank using oil engine to irrigate their 15 ha of land in winter. In addition,10 farmers get irrigation benefits on 10 ha of their winter through recharge to 8 dugwells
About 8 farmers lift water from the tank using oil engine to irrigate their 15 ha of land in winter. In addition,10 farmers get irrigation benefits on 10 ha of their winter through recharge to 8 dugwells
1.1 Location: Village Ramnagar (Census Code :458338) is located on Chhatarpur-Satai road at a distance of 30 km from District Headquarters of Chhatarpur. Village is situated at a distance of 5 km South of Satai village, which is 27 km from district headquarter. Table 1: Land use pattern
1.1 Location: Village Ramnagar (Census Code :458338) is located on Chhatarpur-Satai road at a distance of 30 km from District Headquarters of Chhatarpur. Village is situated at a distance of 5 km South of Satai village, which is 27 km from district headquarter. Table 1: Land use pattern
Source: Revenue Records, 2011
Source: Revenue Records, 2011
1.4 Water Bodies: The village has two water bodies, one traditional tank and one river. The traditional tank was built during Chandela era, spread over an area of 11 ha. It is called Machhayara Talab, and is used for fishing and for livestock. During Rabi, about 70 local farmers lift water from this tank for irrigating their farms of about 110 ha. It has a catchment of 80 ha. Village has one river passing through it.
1.4 Water Bodies: The village has two water bodies, one traditional tank and one river. The traditional tank was built during Chandela era, spread over an area of 11 ha. It is called Machhayara Talab, and is used for fishing and for livestock. During Rabi, about 70 local farmers lift water from this tank for irrigating their farms of about 110 ha. It has a catchment of 80 ha. Village has one river passing through it.
2.1 Population: The village has population of 1000 (with 150 household) as per follows. 2.2 Housing: The village has 30 Pacca houses,210 Kaccha houses and 20 Huts.
2.1 Population: The village has population of 1000 (with 150 household) as per follows. 2.2 Housing: The village has 30 Pacca houses,210 Kaccha houses and 20 Huts.
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers 3.2 Land holding Pattern: Data indicates the category of landless constitute 50 of village housholds There are 30 households belonging to category of marginal landholders. The village has nx household in the category of large landholding.
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers 3.2 Land holding Pattern: Data indicates the category of landless constitute 50 of village housholds There are 30 households belonging to category of marginal landholders. The village has nx household in the category of large landholding.
3.3 Principal Crops: During the Rabi season (winter irrigation) in the last year, 155 farmers cultivated 115 ha. Reportedly there is no cultivation for summer and perennial crops in the village.
3.3 Principal Crops: During the Rabi season (winter irrigation) in the last year, 155 farmers cultivated 115 ha. Reportedly there is no cultivation for summer and perennial crops in the village.
3.4 Crop Yields: Normal crop yields of the main crops are presented in the following table, along with the best and the worst yields in normal rainfall years. These are quite below the State average.
3.4 Crop Yields: Normal crop yields of the main crops are presented in the following table, along with the best and the worst yields in normal rainfall years. These are quite below the State average.
3.6 Farm Implements: The village has 8 tractors owned by 8 families owns tractor and mould board plough. Two of the families own thresher in the village. 4.2 Tank Management Committee: For management of revival work a Tank Management Committee was formed. Currently, the exact number of members is under revision. So far the TMC has been active in supervision of silt removal and its application to the farms.
3.6 Farm Implements: The village has 8 tractors owned by 8 families owns tractor and mould board plough. Two of the families own thresher in the village. 4.2 Tank Management Committee: For management of revival work a Tank Management Committee was formed. Currently, the exact number of members is under revision. So far the TMC has been active in supervision of silt removal and its application to the farms.
5.4 Tank Usage: The main usage of the tank is irrigation, drinking and domestic water, cleaning and livestock purposes. This tank is not used for purpose of fish farming. 5.2 Construction: Embankment of the tank is made of stone wall in dry rubble masonry and backfilled with soil. Length of the embankment is 820 m with height of 3 m. Its base width is 26 m and top width is 3 m. Tank has no waste weir. The tank has sluice and canal attached for water distribution. Sluice is made of stone with a width of 2.25 m and height of 4.25 m. Tank is located at Latitude: 24°38'55.89"N and Longitude: 79°37'41.39"E.
5.4 Tank Usage: The main usage of the tank is irrigation, drinking and domestic water, cleaning and livestock purposes. This tank is not used for purpose of fish farming. 5.2 Construction: Embankment of the tank is made of stone wall in dry rubble masonry and backfilled with soil. Length of the embankment is 820 m with height of 3 m. Its base width is 26 m and top width is 3 m. Tank has no waste weir. The tank has sluice and canal attached for water distribution. Sluice is made of stone with a width of 2.25 m and height of 4.25 m. Tank is located at Latitude: 24°38'55.89"N and Longitude: 79°37'41.39"E.
Fig 5: Map showing Machhayara Talab and its Catchment Area
Fig 5: Map showing Machhayara Talab and its Catchment Area
5.5 Irrigation Benefits: About 15 farmers use water by lifting with their own individual oil engines. Another 15 farmers irrigate their farms using shared engines. In the last year, 110 ha belonging to 70 farmers could be irrigated for four months. About 10 years ago, about 8 farmers used to irrigate their 6 ha of land in this manner.
5.5 Irrigation Benefits: About 15 farmers use water by lifting with their own individual oil engines. Another 15 farmers irrigate their farms using shared engines. In the last year, 110 ha belonging to 70 farmers could be irrigated for four months. About 10 years ago, about 8 farmers used to irrigate their 6 ha of land in this manner.
Baseline Report of District Niwari
Baseline Report of District Niwari
In this part, Baseline Reports of ten Tanks of district Niwari are presented in the following sequences.
In this part, Baseline Reports of ten Tanks of district Niwari are presented in the following sequences.
1.1 Location: Village Astari (Census Code :456480) is located on Niwari road at a distance of 21 km from District Headquarters of Niwari in South-east direction. Table 1: Land Use Pattern
1.1 Location: Village Astari (Census Code :456480) is located on Niwari road at a distance of 21 km from District Headquarters of Niwari in South-east direction. Table 1: Land Use Pattern
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers Table 2: Population Data The percentage of SC population and ST population is 24 % and 7 % respectively according to Census data of 2011. 2.1 Population: The village has population of 5047 (with 1235 household) as per follows.
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers Table 2: Population Data The percentage of SC population and ST population is 24 % and 7 % respectively according to Census data of 2011. 2.1 Population: The village has population of 5047 (with 1235 household) as per follows.
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers
3.4 Crop Yields: Normal crop yields of the main crops are presented in the following table, along with the best and the worst yields in normal rainfall years. These are quite below the State average.
3.4 Crop Yields: Normal crop yields of the main crops are presented in the following table, along with the best and the worst yields in normal rainfall years. These are quite below the State average.
3.5 Livestock: The village has almost all households rearing livestock. About 212 families rear buffaloes, and nearly 50 rear cows. About 20 families owns goat in large numbers.
3.5 Livestock: The village has almost all households rearing livestock. About 212 families rear buffaloes, and nearly 50 rear cows. About 20 families owns goat in large numbers.
3.6 Farm Implements: 25 of the families owns tractors in the village. 10 of the families own seed- cum-fertiliser drill in the village. 4.1 Women’s SHGs: The village has 4 Self Help Groups of women; of which all are functional. Thes four SHG covers 40 women members from the village.
3.6 Farm Implements: 25 of the families owns tractors in the village. 10 of the families own seed- cum-fertiliser drill in the village. 4.1 Women’s SHGs: The village has 4 Self Help Groups of women; of which all are functional. Thes four SHG covers 40 women members from the village.
4.2 Tank Management Committee: For management of revival work a Tank Management Committee was formed. Currently there are 7 members of TMC including 4 male members and 3 female members. So far the TMC has been active in supervision of silt removal and its application to the farms.
4.2 Tank Management Committee: For management of revival work a Tank Management Committee was formed. Currently there are 7 members of TMC including 4 male members and 3 female members. So far the TMC has been active in supervision of silt removal and its application to the farms.
5.3 Hydrology: Bhumiya Baba ka Talab has a catchment area of 234 ha. The submergence area of tank is 2.5 ha, and its depth is reduced from 4.5m to 3 m over time. Storage capacity of the tank at present is 2,00,000 cum.
5.3 Hydrology: Bhumiya Baba ka Talab has a catchment area of 234 ha. The submergence area of tank is 2.5 ha, and its depth is reduced from 4.5m to 3 m over time. Storage capacity of the tank at present is 2,00,000 cum.
5.4 Tank Usage: As participants revealed the main usage of the tanks are fish harvesting, cleaning purposes and livestock purposes. There are 14 families in the village who do farming from the month of August to month of January.
5.4 Tank Usage: As participants revealed the main usage of the tanks are fish harvesting, cleaning purposes and livestock purposes. There are 14 families in the village who do farming from the month of August to month of January.
5.5 Irrigation Benefits: About 22 farmers use water by lifting with their own individual oil engines About 10 years ago, about 8 farmers used to irrigate their 12 ha of land in this manner. In the las‘ year, 36 ha benefitted for 36 farmers for four months. Direct lifting of water from the tank by oi engines is done by 22 farmers to irrigate about 20 ha of winter crops. In addition, 20 ha arez belonging to 14 farmers get irrigation through recharge to 7 dugwells.
5.5 Irrigation Benefits: About 22 farmers use water by lifting with their own individual oil engines About 10 years ago, about 8 farmers used to irrigate their 12 ha of land in this manner. In the las‘ year, 36 ha benefitted for 36 farmers for four months. Direct lifting of water from the tank by oi engines is done by 22 farmers to irrigate about 20 ha of winter crops. In addition, 20 ha arez belonging to 14 farmers get irrigation through recharge to 7 dugwells.
|.2 Land Use: Data indicates that most of the land of the village is under agriculture which is 34 %. it also has about 70 % of land irrigated by wells.
|.2 Land Use: Data indicates that most of the land of the village is under agriculture which is 34 %. it also has about 70 % of land irrigated by wells.
1.3 Rainfall: Rainfall data for Niwari, the nearest station to Block Niwari for 37 years indicated that the Annual Average Rainfall is 756 mm, with 94% falling in the monsoon season from June to September. The Coefficient of Variation for the seasonal rainfall was found to be 42.60%.
1.3 Rainfall: Rainfall data for Niwari, the nearest station to Block Niwari for 37 years indicated that the Annual Average Rainfall is 756 mm, with 94% falling in the monsoon season from June to September. The Coefficient of Variation for the seasonal rainfall was found to be 42.60%.
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers
The percentage of SC population and ST population is 37 % and 0 % respectively according to Census data of 2011. 2.1 Population: The village has population of 2154 (with 500 household) as per follows.
The percentage of SC population and ST population is 37 % and 0 % respectively according to Census data of 2011. 2.1 Population: The village has population of 2154 (with 500 household) as per follows.
3.2 Land Holding Pattern: Most of the villagers belong to the category of medium farmers that is Medium. There are 100 households belonging to category of marginal farmers,197 households belong to category of small farmers. Interestingly, there are no farmers in category of large farmers. Table 5: Crop Production in the Village
3.2 Land Holding Pattern: Most of the villagers belong to the category of medium farmers that is Medium. There are 100 households belonging to category of marginal farmers,197 households belong to category of small farmers. Interestingly, there are no farmers in category of large farmers. Table 5: Crop Production in the Village
3.5 Livestock: The village has almost all households rearing livestock. About 500 families rear buffaloes, and nearly 400 rear cows. About 52 families owns goat in large numbers. 3.4 Crop Yields: Normal crop yields of the main crops are presented in the following table, along with the best and the worst yields in normal rainfall years. These are quite below the State average.
3.5 Livestock: The village has almost all households rearing livestock. About 500 families rear buffaloes, and nearly 400 rear cows. About 52 families owns goat in large numbers. 3.4 Crop Yields: Normal crop yields of the main crops are presented in the following table, along with the best and the worst yields in normal rainfall years. These are quite below the State average.
Table 8: Assets present in the village
Table 8: Assets present in the village
4.2 Tank Management Committee: For management of revival work a Tank Management Committee was formed. Currently there are 7 members of TMC including 4 male members and 3 female members. So far the TMC has been active in supervision of silt removal and its application to the farms. 4.1 Women’s SHGs: The village has 6 Self Help Groups of women; of which all are functional. These four SHG covers 60 women members from the village.
4.2 Tank Management Committee: For management of revival work a Tank Management Committee was formed. Currently there are 7 members of TMC including 4 male members and 3 female members. So far the TMC has been active in supervision of silt removal and its application to the farms. 4.1 Women’s SHGs: The village has 6 Self Help Groups of women; of which all are functional. These four SHG covers 60 women members from the village.
Photograph of the Embankment 5.3 Hydrology: Chandeli Talab have catchment area of 141.75 ha. The submergence area of tank is 1.5 ha. Depth of the tank is reduced from 4.5m to 2.8 m. Storage capacity of the tank in present is 120000 cum. 5.2 Construction: Embankment of the tank is made of stone wall in dry rubble masonry and backfilled with soil. Length of the embankment is 120 m with height of 3.33 m. Its base width is 40 m and top width is 6 m. Waste weir is made of Cement Concrete masonry. Waste Weir have length of 9.10 m and height of 1.10 m. Base width of waste weir is 6.60 m and top width is 5.10 m. The tank has sluice and no canal attached. Sluice is made of stone with approx. width of 7 m and height of 1 m. Tank is located on Latitude: 25°17'24.77" N and Longitude: 78°57'51.03" E.
Photograph of the Embankment 5.3 Hydrology: Chandeli Talab have catchment area of 141.75 ha. The submergence area of tank is 1.5 ha. Depth of the tank is reduced from 4.5m to 2.8 m. Storage capacity of the tank in present is 120000 cum. 5.2 Construction: Embankment of the tank is made of stone wall in dry rubble masonry and backfilled with soil. Length of the embankment is 120 m with height of 3.33 m. Its base width is 40 m and top width is 6 m. Waste weir is made of Cement Concrete masonry. Waste Weir have length of 9.10 m and height of 1.10 m. Base width of waste weir is 6.60 m and top width is 5.10 m. The tank has sluice and no canal attached. Sluice is made of stone with approx. width of 7 m and height of 1 m. Tank is located on Latitude: 25°17'24.77" N and Longitude: 78°57'51.03" E.
5.4 Tank Usage: As participants revealed the main usage of the tanks are fish harvesting, cleaning purposes and livestock purposes. There are 14 families in the village who do farming from the month of July to month of February.
5.4 Tank Usage: As participants revealed the main usage of the tanks are fish harvesting, cleaning purposes and livestock purposes. There are 14 families in the village who do farming from the month of July to month of February.
5.5 Irrigation Benefits: The tank has sluice but no canal is visible at present. About 12 farmers use water by lifting with their own individual oil engines. About 10 years ago, about 5 farmers used to irrigate their 8 ha of land in this manner. In the last year, 26 ha benefitted for 24 farmers for four months.
5.5 Irrigation Benefits: The tank has sluice but no canal is visible at present. About 12 farmers use water by lifting with their own individual oil engines. About 10 years ago, about 5 farmers used to irrigate their 8 ha of land in this manner. In the last year, 26 ha benefitted for 24 farmers for four months.
6.2 Works completed: Under Bundelkhand Initiative for Water, Agriculture and Livelihood Project, this tank was undertaken for revival in April 2019. In the first phase, silt removal was carried out during April-June 2019. About 10025.316 cum (4046 tractor trips) silt was applied in total area of 9 ha belonging to 15 farmers. The work was carried out under the aegis of the Centre for Advanced Research and Development (CARD). As a part of tank revival in the coming year, CARD is planning to carry out field bunding and bund repairs. In command area
6.2 Works completed: Under Bundelkhand Initiative for Water, Agriculture and Livelihood Project, this tank was undertaken for revival in April 2019. In the first phase, silt removal was carried out during April-June 2019. About 10025.316 cum (4046 tractor trips) silt was applied in total area of 9 ha belonging to 15 farmers. The work was carried out under the aegis of the Centre for Advanced Research and Development (CARD). As a part of tank revival in the coming year, CARD is planning to carry out field bunding and bund repairs. In command area
1.2 Land Use: Data indicates that most of the land of the village is under agriculture which is 62 % It also has about 60 % of land irrigated by wells. 1.1 Location: Village Birora Khet (Census Code :456647) is located on Tikamgarh-Jhansi road at a distance of 33 km from District Headquarters of Niwari. Village is situated at a distance of 1 km North-East of Sakera tigela, which is 32 km from district headquarters in South direction.
1.2 Land Use: Data indicates that most of the land of the village is under agriculture which is 62 % It also has about 60 % of land irrigated by wells. 1.1 Location: Village Birora Khet (Census Code :456647) is located on Tikamgarh-Jhansi road at a distance of 33 km from District Headquarters of Niwari. Village is situated at a distance of 1 km North-East of Sakera tigela, which is 32 km from district headquarters in South direction.
Source: Revenue Records, 2011
Source: Revenue Records, 2011
Table 2: Population Data 2.1 Population: The village has population of 6110 (with 1975 household) as per follows.
Table 2: Population Data 2.1 Population: The village has population of 6110 (with 1975 household) as per follows.
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers
Table 5: Crop Production in the Village
Table 5: Crop Production in the Village
Table 6: Yield of Principle Crops
Table 6: Yield of Principle Crops
2.6 Farm Implements: Only 32 of the families owns tractors in the village and 12 families own the power tiller in the village. 22 of the families own thresher in the village.
2.6 Farm Implements: Only 32 of the families owns tractors in the village and 12 families own the power tiller in the village. 22 of the families own thresher in the village.
4.1 Women’s SHGs: The village has 4 Self Help Groups of women; of which all are functional. Thes four SHG covers 40 women members from the village.
4.1 Women’s SHGs: The village has 4 Self Help Groups of women; of which all are functional. Thes four SHG covers 40 women members from the village.
4.2 Tank Management Committee: For management of revival work a Tank Management Committee was formed. Currently there are 7 members of TMC including 4 male members and 3 female members. So far the TMC has been active in supervision of silt removal and its application to the farms.
4.2 Tank Management Committee: For management of revival work a Tank Management Committee was formed. Currently there are 7 members of TMC including 4 male members and 3 female members. So far the TMC has been active in supervision of silt removal and its application to the farms.
5.2 Construction: Embankment of the tank is made of stone wall in dry rubble masonry and backfilled with soil. Length of the embankment is 190 m with height of 4.5 m. Its base width is 40 m and top width is 6 m. Waste weir is made of Cement Concrete masonry. Waste Weir have length of 12 mand height of 2 m. Base width of waste weir is 4.5 m and top width is 1 m. The tank has sluice and no canal attached. Sluice is made of stone with approx. width of 2.40 m and height of 4.40 m. The tank is located on Latitude: 25°7'23.75"N and Longitude: 78°47'14.24"E.
5.2 Construction: Embankment of the tank is made of stone wall in dry rubble masonry and backfilled with soil. Length of the embankment is 190 m with height of 4.5 m. Its base width is 40 m and top width is 6 m. Waste weir is made of Cement Concrete masonry. Waste Weir have length of 12 mand height of 2 m. Base width of waste weir is 4.5 m and top width is 1 m. The tank has sluice and no canal attached. Sluice is made of stone with approx. width of 2.40 m and height of 4.40 m. The tank is located on Latitude: 25°7'23.75"N and Longitude: 78°47'14.24"E.
5.4 Tank Usage: As participants revealed the main usage of the tanks are fish harvesting, cleaning purposes and livestock purposes. There are 42 families in the village who do farming from the month of September to month of May. Participants also revealed that in time of drought cows and buffalos from nearby villages come to Birora Chandeli Talab for drinking purposes.
5.4 Tank Usage: As participants revealed the main usage of the tanks are fish harvesting, cleaning purposes and livestock purposes. There are 42 families in the village who do farming from the month of September to month of May. Participants also revealed that in time of drought cows and buffalos from nearby villages come to Birora Chandeli Talab for drinking purposes.
|.1 Location: Village Ladwari Har (Census Code :456501) is located on Niwari-Tikamgarh road at a listance of 13 km District Headquarters of Niwari in South-west direction. Table 1: Land Use Pattern
|.1 Location: Village Ladwari Har (Census Code :456501) is located on Niwari-Tikamgarh road at a listance of 13 km District Headquarters of Niwari in South-west direction. Table 1: Land Use Pattern
1.3 Rainfall: Rainfall data for Niwari, the nearest station to Block Niwari for 37 years indicated that the Annual Average Rainfall is 756 mm, with 94% falling in the monsoon season from June to September. The Coefficient of Variation for the seasonal rainfall was found to be 42.60%.
1.3 Rainfall: Rainfall data for Niwari, the nearest station to Block Niwari for 37 years indicated that the Annual Average Rainfall is 756 mm, with 94% falling in the monsoon season from June to September. The Coefficient of Variation for the seasonal rainfall was found to be 42.60%.
Table 2: Population Data 2.1 Population: The village has population of 4725 (with 745 household) as per follows.
Table 2: Population Data 2.1 Population: The village has population of 4725 (with 745 household) as per follows.
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers 3.1 Occupations: It comprises of 348 agriculturists and 458 of labourers. Nearly 114 of the village population is engaged in services (salaried jobs). There are 987 artisans in the village.
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers 3.1 Occupations: It comprises of 348 agriculturists and 458 of labourers. Nearly 114 of the village population is engaged in services (salaried jobs). There are 987 artisans in the village.
Table 4: Landholding Pattern
Table 4: Landholding Pattern
Table 7: Number of Livestock
Table 7: Number of Livestock
3.6 Farm Implements: About 5 of the families owns tractors in the village and 5 families own the power tiller in the village. 4 of the families own thresher in the village. 2 of the families own seed- cum-fertiliser drill in the village.
3.6 Farm Implements: About 5 of the families owns tractors in the village and 5 families own the power tiller in the village. 4 of the families own thresher in the village. 2 of the families own seed- cum-fertiliser drill in the village.
Table 8: Assets present in the village
Table 8: Assets present in the village
5.3 Hydrology: Siddan ka Talab have catchment area of 229.5 ha. The submergence area of tank is 5 ha. Depth of the tank is reduced from 3.8 m to 2.8 m. Storage capacity of the tank in present is 62500 cum. 5.2 Construction: Embankment of the tank is made of stone wall in dry rubble masonry and backfilled with soil. Length of the embankment is 180 m with height of 3.21 m. Its base width is 45 m and top width is 8 m. Waste weir is made of Cement Concrete masonry. Waste Weir have length of 10.50 m and height of 2.50 m. Base width of waste weir is 8 m and top width is 1.50 m. The tank has sluice and no canal attached. Sluice is made of stone with approx. width of 1 m and height of 5 m. Tank is located on Latitude: 25°26'52.07" N and Longitude: 78°75'45.77" E.
5.3 Hydrology: Siddan ka Talab have catchment area of 229.5 ha. The submergence area of tank is 5 ha. Depth of the tank is reduced from 3.8 m to 2.8 m. Storage capacity of the tank in present is 62500 cum. 5.2 Construction: Embankment of the tank is made of stone wall in dry rubble masonry and backfilled with soil. Length of the embankment is 180 m with height of 3.21 m. Its base width is 45 m and top width is 8 m. Waste weir is made of Cement Concrete masonry. Waste Weir have length of 10.50 m and height of 2.50 m. Base width of waste weir is 8 m and top width is 1.50 m. The tank has sluice and no canal attached. Sluice is made of stone with approx. width of 1 m and height of 5 m. Tank is located on Latitude: 25°26'52.07" N and Longitude: 78°75'45.77" E.
5.5 Irrigation Benefits: The tank has sluice but no canal is visible at present. About 12 farmers use water by lifting with their own individual oil engines. About 10 years ago, about 6 farmers used to irrigate their 8 ha of land in this manner. In the last year, 34 ha benefitted for 28 farmers for four months. About 12 farmers lift water from the tank using oil engine to irrigate their 14 ha of land in winter. In addition, 14 farmers get irrigation benefits on 20 ha of their winter through recharge to 8 dugwells.
5.5 Irrigation Benefits: The tank has sluice but no canal is visible at present. About 12 farmers use water by lifting with their own individual oil engines. About 10 years ago, about 6 farmers used to irrigate their 8 ha of land in this manner. In the last year, 34 ha benefitted for 28 farmers for four months. About 12 farmers lift water from the tank using oil engine to irrigate their 14 ha of land in winter. In addition, 14 farmers get irrigation benefits on 20 ha of their winter through recharge to 8 dugwells.
6.2 Works Completed: Under Bundelkhand Initiative for Water, Agriculture and Livelihood Project, this tank was undertaken for revival in April 2019. In the first phase, silt removal was carried out during April-June 2019. About 7903.2 cum (4180 tractor trips) silt was applied in total area of 6 ha belonging to 7 farmers. The work was carried out under the aegis of the Centre for Advanced Research and Development(CARD). As a part of tank revival in the coming year, CARD is planning to carry out field bunding and bund repairs. In command area
6.2 Works Completed: Under Bundelkhand Initiative for Water, Agriculture and Livelihood Project, this tank was undertaken for revival in April 2019. In the first phase, silt removal was carried out during April-June 2019. About 7903.2 cum (4180 tractor trips) silt was applied in total area of 6 ha belonging to 7 farmers. The work was carried out under the aegis of the Centre for Advanced Research and Development(CARD). As a part of tank revival in the coming year, CARD is planning to carry out field bunding and bund repairs. In command area
1.1 Location: Village Mudara (Census Code: 456488) is located on Jhansi-Mauranipur road at a distance of 10 km from District Headquarters Niwari in the North-east direction. Table 1: Land Use Pattern
1.1 Location: Village Mudara (Census Code: 456488) is located on Jhansi-Mauranipur road at a distance of 10 km from District Headquarters Niwari in the North-east direction. Table 1: Land Use Pattern
1.5 Drinking Water Facilities: About 242 families have borewells as their source of drinking and domestic water. Out of these, 25 borewells are fitted with handpump and 152 borewells with electric pumps, whereas other villagers depend on 65 community borewells fitted with handpump. Another 255 families have private open wells for drinking water purpose. 1.4 Water Bodies: The village has one traditional tank called Kund ki Taliyam which is used for the purposes of recharge, irrigation, livestock and fish rearing. Tank is spread over an area of 1 ha. During Rabi, about 33 local farmers lift water from this tank for irrigating their farms of about 22 ha. It has a catchment of 174 ha. List of other water bodies in the village are mentioned in Table 2.
1.5 Drinking Water Facilities: About 242 families have borewells as their source of drinking and domestic water. Out of these, 25 borewells are fitted with handpump and 152 borewells with electric pumps, whereas other villagers depend on 65 community borewells fitted with handpump. Another 255 families have private open wells for drinking water purpose. 1.4 Water Bodies: The village has one traditional tank called Kund ki Taliyam which is used for the purposes of recharge, irrigation, livestock and fish rearing. Tank is spread over an area of 1 ha. During Rabi, about 33 local farmers lift water from this tank for irrigating their farms of about 22 ha. It has a catchment of 174 ha. List of other water bodies in the village are mentioned in Table 2.
Table 3: Population Data 2.1 Population: The village has population of 4200 (989 household) as per the follows.
Table 3: Population Data 2.1 Population: The village has population of 4200 (989 household) as per the follows.
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers
3.1 Occupation: It comprises of 500 agriculturists and 600 of labourers. Nearly 100 of the village population is engaged in services (salaried jobs). There are 30 artisans in the village.
3.1 Occupation: It comprises of 500 agriculturists and 600 of labourers. Nearly 100 of the village population is engaged in services (salaried jobs). There are 30 artisans in the village.
3.3 Principal Crops: During the last Rabi season (winter irrigation), 1205 ha area was cultivated 443 farmers. During the last summer, only 64 ha area was under irrigation for 118 farmers. 1 by [he situation the previous year 2017-18 was not favourable for the winter crop due to low rainfall. 1 village has negligible area under horticulture. The
3.3 Principal Crops: During the last Rabi season (winter irrigation), 1205 ha area was cultivated 443 farmers. During the last summer, only 64 ha area was under irrigation for 118 farmers. 1 by [he situation the previous year 2017-18 was not favourable for the winter crop due to low rainfall. 1 village has negligible area under horticulture. The
Table 9: Assets present in the village
Table 9: Assets present in the village
5.3 Hydrology: Kund ki Taliya have catchment area of 270 ha. The submergence area of tank is 2.8 ha. Depth of the tank is reduced from 3.8 m to 2.8 m over time. Storage capacity of the tank in present is 15000 cum.
5.3 Hydrology: Kund ki Taliya have catchment area of 270 ha. The submergence area of tank is 2.8 ha. Depth of the tank is reduced from 3.8 m to 2.8 m over time. Storage capacity of the tank in present is 15000 cum.
5.4 Tank Usage: Tank is mainly used for the purposes of clothes washing, livestock and fish harvesting. There are 14 families in the village engaged in fishing from the month of August to February. Seasonal uses of the tank are presented in the following table.
5.4 Tank Usage: Tank is mainly used for the purposes of clothes washing, livestock and fish harvesting. There are 14 families in the village engaged in fishing from the month of August to February. Seasonal uses of the tank are presented in the following table.
5.5 Irrigation Benefits: Presence of sluice and canal indicates that Kund ki Taliya is meant for flow irrigation. But, at present the network is not functional. About 15 farmers use water by lifting with their own individual oil engines, irrigating about 8 ha of land. About 10 years ago, about 5 farmers used to irrigate their 6 ha of land in this manner. In the last year, 4 ha benefitted for 112 farmers for
5.5 Irrigation Benefits: Presence of sluice and canal indicates that Kund ki Taliya is meant for flow irrigation. But, at present the network is not functional. About 15 farmers use water by lifting with their own individual oil engines, irrigating about 8 ha of land. About 10 years ago, about 5 farmers used to irrigate their 6 ha of land in this manner. In the last year, 4 ha benefitted for 112 farmers for
1.1 Location : Village Neemkhera (Census Code :456497) is located on Niwari road at a distance of 16 km from Niwari tehsil office. Village is situated in South direction of block headquarter. Table 1: Land Use Pattern
1.1 Location : Village Neemkhera (Census Code :456497) is located on Niwari road at a distance of 16 km from Niwari tehsil office. Village is situated in South direction of block headquarter. Table 1: Land Use Pattern
1.3 Rainfall: Rainfall data for Niwari station for the last 37 years indicated that the Annual Average Rainfall is 756 .03 mm, with 94.0% falling in the monsoon season from June to September. The Coefficient of Variation for the seasonal rainfall was found to be 42.60%.
1.3 Rainfall: Rainfall data for Niwari station for the last 37 years indicated that the Annual Average Rainfall is 756 .03 mm, with 94.0% falling in the monsoon season from June to September. The Coefficient of Variation for the seasonal rainfall was found to be 42.60%.
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field officials The percentage of SC population and ST population is 5 % and 0 % respectively according to Census data of 2011. 2.1 Population: The village has population of 983 (with 240 household) as per the follows
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field officials The percentage of SC population and ST population is 5 % and 0 % respectively according to Census data of 2011. 2.1 Population: The village has population of 983 (with 240 household) as per the follows
3.1 Occupations: It comprises of 86 agriculturists and 30 of labourers. Nearly 28 of the villag population is engaged in services (salaried jobs). There are 42 artisans in the village.
3.1 Occupations: It comprises of 86 agriculturists and 30 of labourers. Nearly 28 of the villag population is engaged in services (salaried jobs). There are 42 artisans in the village.
Table 4: Landholding Pattern
Table 4: Landholding Pattern
3.3 Principal Crops: The village has about 306 ha of land under winter irrigation (Rabi season) belonging to about 340 farmers. In year 2018-19, 26 ha area in the was under summer irrigation belonging to 67 farmers. There was no summer crop in year 2017-18 due to inadequate rainfall.
3.3 Principal Crops: The village has about 306 ha of land under winter irrigation (Rabi season) belonging to about 340 farmers. In year 2018-19, 26 ha area in the was under summer irrigation belonging to 67 farmers. There was no summer crop in year 2017-18 due to inadequate rainfall.
Table 6: Yield of Principle Crops
Table 6: Yield of Principle Crops
Table 7: Number of Livestock
Table 7: Number of Livestock
4.3 Other Community Institutions: Reportedly, there are no other community based organisation functional in the village at the time of the study. The nearest Multipurpose Cooperative Society is available in Niwari at a distance of 13 km away. Nearest bank is available at Rajapur at 8 km. 4.2 Tank Management Committee: For management of revival work, a Tank Management Committee was formed with 7 members, including 4 male members and 3 female members. So far the TMC has been active in supervision of silt removal and its application to the farms.
4.3 Other Community Institutions: Reportedly, there are no other community based organisation functional in the village at the time of the study. The nearest Multipurpose Cooperative Society is available in Niwari at a distance of 13 km away. Nearest bank is available at Rajapur at 8 km. 4.2 Tank Management Committee: For management of revival work, a Tank Management Committee was formed with 7 members, including 4 male members and 3 female members. So far the TMC has been active in supervision of silt removal and its application to the farms.
Table 8: Assets Present in the Village
Table 8: Assets Present in the Village
5.2 Construction: Embankment of the tank is made of stone wall in dry rubble masonry and backfilled with soil. The length of the embankment is 180 m with height of 4.5 m. The base width of the embankment is 40 m and top width is 12 m. The Waste weir is made of stone masonry which was also recently constructed. The length of the Waste Weir is 21.30 m with height of 2 m. Base width of waste weir is 2 m and top width is 0.75 m. Sluice have a type of Drop inlet constructed in stone masonry recently constructed. Diameter of the sluice is 2.40 m with length of 4.85 m. Canal is absent or missing. Tank is located on Latitude: 25°18'13.60"N and Longitude: 78°44'20.83"E.
5.2 Construction: Embankment of the tank is made of stone wall in dry rubble masonry and backfilled with soil. The length of the embankment is 180 m with height of 4.5 m. The base width of the embankment is 40 m and top width is 12 m. The Waste weir is made of stone masonry which was also recently constructed. The length of the Waste Weir is 21.30 m with height of 2 m. Base width of waste weir is 2 m and top width is 0.75 m. Sluice have a type of Drop inlet constructed in stone masonry recently constructed. Diameter of the sluice is 2.40 m with length of 4.85 m. Canal is absent or missing. Tank is located on Latitude: 25°18'13.60"N and Longitude: 78°44'20.83"E.
Table 10: Various benefits derived from the tank 5.4 Tank Usage: As participants discussed main benefits of the tank are fishing, livestock anc oathing and washing. There are 22 families in the village who do fish farming from the month o: 5eptember to month of May.
Table 10: Various benefits derived from the tank 5.4 Tank Usage: As participants discussed main benefits of the tank are fishing, livestock anc oathing and washing. There are 22 families in the village who do fish farming from the month o: 5eptember to month of May.
5.5 Irrigation Benefits: About 15 farmers use water by lifting with their own individual oil engines. About 10 years ago, about 6 farmers used to irrigate their 5 ha of land in this manner. In the last year, 95 ha benefitted for 105 farmers for four months.
5.5 Irrigation Benefits: About 15 farmers use water by lifting with their own individual oil engines. About 10 years ago, about 6 farmers used to irrigate their 5 ha of land in this manner. In the last year, 95 ha benefitted for 105 farmers for four months.
About 15 farmers lift water from the tank using oil engine to irrigate their 12 ha of land in winter. In addition,15 farmers get irrigation benefits on 15 ha of their winter through recharge to 8 dugwells.
About 15 farmers lift water from the tank using oil engine to irrigate their 12 ha of land in winter. In addition,15 farmers get irrigation benefits on 15 ha of their winter through recharge to 8 dugwells.
1.2 Land Use: Data indicates that most of the land of the village is under agriculture which is 51 %. It also has about 36 % of land irrigated by Canal. 1.1 Location: Village Raipura khas (Census Code :456474) is located on Niwari road at a distance of 17 km District Headquarters of Niwari in South direction.
1.2 Land Use: Data indicates that most of the land of the village is under agriculture which is 51 %. It also has about 36 % of land irrigated by Canal. 1.1 Location: Village Raipura khas (Census Code :456474) is located on Niwari road at a distance of 17 km District Headquarters of Niwari in South direction.
1.4 Water Bodies: The village has only one water bodi, one traditional tank called Siddan ka talab, was built during Chandela era, spread over an area of 5 ha. It is used for fishing and for livestock. During Rabi, about 22 local farmers lift water from this tank for irrigating their farms to the extent of 22 ha. It has a catchment of 437.5 ha
1.4 Water Bodies: The village has only one water bodi, one traditional tank called Siddan ka talab, was built during Chandela era, spread over an area of 5 ha. It is used for fishing and for livestock. During Rabi, about 22 local farmers lift water from this tank for irrigating their farms to the extent of 22 ha. It has a catchment of 437.5 ha
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers 2.1 Population: The village has population of 600 (with 150 household) as per follows.
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers 2.1 Population: The village has population of 600 (with 150 household) as per follows.
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers Table 4: Landholding Pattern
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers Table 4: Landholding Pattern
3.1 Occupations: It comprises of 223 agriculturists and 48 of labourers. Nearly 21 of the village population is engaged in services (salaried jobs). There are 54 artisans in the village.
3.1 Occupations: It comprises of 223 agriculturists and 48 of labourers. Nearly 21 of the village population is engaged in services (salaried jobs). There are 54 artisans in the village.
Table 5: Crop Production in the Village
Table 5: Crop Production in the Village
Table 6: Yield of Principle Crops
Table 6: Yield of Principle Crops
Table 8: Assets present in the village
Table 8: Assets present in the village
Table 9: Functional Self Help Group in the village
Table 9: Functional Self Help Group in the village
4.2 Tank Management Committee: For management of revival work a Tank Management Committee was formed. Currently there are 7 members of TMC including 4 male members and 3 female members. So far the TMC has been active in supervision of silt removal and its application to the farms.
4.2 Tank Management Committee: For management of revival work a Tank Management Committee was formed. Currently there are 7 members of TMC including 4 male members and 3 female members. So far the TMC has been active in supervision of silt removal and its application to the farms.
8 mand height of 1.30 m. Base width of waste weir is 14.70 m and top width is 13.60 m. The tank has no sluice and no canal attached. The Tank is located on Latitude: 25°16'25.21" N and Longitude: 78°52'50.61" E. Fig 5: Map showing Raipura Talab and its Catchment Area
8 mand height of 1.30 m. Base width of waste weir is 14.70 m and top width is 13.60 m. The tank has no sluice and no canal attached. The Tank is located on Latitude: 25°16'25.21" N and Longitude: 78°52'50.61" E. Fig 5: Map showing Raipura Talab and its Catchment Area
5.4 Tank Usage: As participants revealed the main usage of the tanks are cleaning purposes anc livestock purposes. There is no fish production in the tank in Raipura village.
5.4 Tank Usage: As participants revealed the main usage of the tanks are cleaning purposes anc livestock purposes. There is no fish production in the tank in Raipura village.
1.1 Location: Village Sakera Bhadoran Khas (Census Code: 456678) is located on Tikamgarh- Jhansi road at a distance of 38 km from District Headquarters of Niwari. Village is situated at a distance of 5 km from Sakera tigela in east direction, which is 33 km from district headquarter in South direction. Table 1: Land Use Pattern
1.1 Location: Village Sakera Bhadoran Khas (Census Code: 456678) is located on Tikamgarh- Jhansi road at a distance of 38 km from District Headquarters of Niwari. Village is situated at a distance of 5 km from Sakera tigela in east direction, which is 33 km from district headquarter in South direction. Table 1: Land Use Pattern
1.3 Rainfall: Rainfall data for Prithvipur, the nearest station to Block Prithvipur for 10 years indicated that the Annual Average Rainfall is 778 mm, with 92% falling in the monsoon season from June to September. The Coefficient of Variation for the seasonal rainfall was found to be 38.69%.
1.3 Rainfall: Rainfall data for Prithvipur, the nearest station to Block Prithvipur for 10 years indicated that the Annual Average Rainfall is 778 mm, with 92% falling in the monsoon season from June to September. The Coefficient of Variation for the seasonal rainfall was found to be 38.69%.
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers 2.1 Population: The village has population of 5879 (with 2,896 household) as follows.
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers 2.1 Population: The village has population of 5879 (with 2,896 household) as follows.
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers
Table 3: Occupation Profile 3.1 Occupations: It comprises of 2017 agriculturists and 1597 of labourers. Nearly 10% of the village population is engaged in services (salaried jobs). There are 100 artisans in the village.
Table 3: Occupation Profile 3.1 Occupations: It comprises of 2017 agriculturists and 1597 of labourers. Nearly 10% of the village population is engaged in services (salaried jobs). There are 100 artisans in the village.
Table 5: Crop Production in the Village
Table 5: Crop Production in the Village
Table 6: Yield of Principle Crops
Table 6: Yield of Principle Crops
Table 7: Number of Livestock
Table 7: Number of Livestock
4.2 Tank Management Committee: For management of revival work a Tank Management Committee was formed. Currently there are 7 members of TMC including 4 male members and 3 female members. So far the TMC has been active in supervision of silt removal and its application to the farms.
4.2 Tank Management Committee: For management of revival work a Tank Management Committee was formed. Currently there are 7 members of TMC including 4 male members and 3 female members. So far the TMC has been active in supervision of silt removal and its application to the farms.
5.3 Hydrology: Danga Talab have catchment area of 291.5 ha. The submergence area of tank is 3h Depth of the tank is reduced from 4.5 m to 3 m. Storage capacity of the tank in present is 3400( cum.
5.3 Hydrology: Danga Talab have catchment area of 291.5 ha. The submergence area of tank is 3h Depth of the tank is reduced from 4.5 m to 3 m. Storage capacity of the tank in present is 3400( cum.
7.2 Social Benefits: The biggest impact is expected on the area of active community institutions and improved water governance. The Tank Management Committee would play a major role water use planning and crop planning in the years to come. It is also expected to improve the water allocation in judicious manner.
7.2 Social Benefits: The biggest impact is expected on the area of active community institutions and improved water governance. The Tank Management Committee would play a major role water use planning and crop planning in the years to come. It is also expected to improve the water allocation in judicious manner.
1.1 Location: Village Sakera Bhadoran Khas (Census Code: 456678) is located on Tikamgarh- Jhansi road at a distance of 38 km from District Headquarters of Niwari. Village is situated at a distance of 5 km from Sakera tigela in east direction, which is 33 km from district headquarter in South direction. 2.2 Land Use: Data indicates that most of the land of the village is under agriculture which is 65 %. It also has about 40% of land irrigated by wells.
1.1 Location: Village Sakera Bhadoran Khas (Census Code: 456678) is located on Tikamgarh- Jhansi road at a distance of 38 km from District Headquarters of Niwari. Village is situated at a distance of 5 km from Sakera tigela in east direction, which is 33 km from district headquarter in South direction. 2.2 Land Use: Data indicates that most of the land of the village is under agriculture which is 65 %. It also has about 40% of land irrigated by wells.
Table 1: Land Use Pattern
Table 1: Land Use Pattern
1.3 Rainfall: Rainfall data for Prithvipur, the nearest station to Block Prithvipur for 10 years indicated that the Annual Average Rainfall is 778 mm, with 92% falling in the monsoon season from June to September. The Coefficient of Variation for the seasonal rainfall was found to be 38.69%.
1.3 Rainfall: Rainfall data for Prithvipur, the nearest station to Block Prithvipur for 10 years indicated that the Annual Average Rainfall is 778 mm, with 92% falling in the monsoon season from June to September. The Coefficient of Variation for the seasonal rainfall was found to be 38.69%.
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers Table 4: Landholding Pattern
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers Table 4: Landholding Pattern
3.1 Occupations: It comprises of 2017 agriculturists and 1597 of labourers. Nearly 197 of the village population is engaged in services (salaried jobs). There are 100 artisans in the village.
3.1 Occupations: It comprises of 2017 agriculturists and 1597 of labourers. Nearly 197 of the village population is engaged in services (salaried jobs). There are 100 artisans in the village.
3.4 Crop Yields: Normal crop yields of the main crops are presented in the following table, along with the best and the worst yields in normal rainfall years. These are quite near the State average.
3.4 Crop Yields: Normal crop yields of the main crops are presented in the following table, along with the best and the worst yields in normal rainfall years. These are quite near the State average.
3.5 Livestock: The village has almost all families rearing livestock. About 454 families rear buffaloes, and nearly 285 rear cows. 85 Families rears goats.
3.5 Livestock: The village has almost all families rearing livestock. About 454 families rear buffaloes, and nearly 285 rear cows. 85 Families rears goats.
5.4 Tank Usage: As participants revealed the main usage of the tanks are fish harvesting, cleaning purposes and livestock purposes. There are 28 families in the village who do farming from the month of September to month of April.
5.4 Tank Usage: As participants revealed the main usage of the tanks are fish harvesting, cleaning purposes and livestock purposes. There are 28 families in the village who do farming from the month of September to month of April.
7. Potential Benefits
7. Potential Benefits
1.1 Location: Village Sarsaura (Census Code :456582) is located on Niwari road at a distance of 4 km from District Headquarters of Niwari. Village is situated at a distance of 14 km from Panhari i South-west direction, which is 33 km from district headquarter in South direction in West directior Table 1: Land Use Pattern
1.1 Location: Village Sarsaura (Census Code :456582) is located on Niwari road at a distance of 4 km from District Headquarters of Niwari. Village is situated at a distance of 14 km from Panhari i South-west direction, which is 33 km from district headquarter in South direction in West directior Table 1: Land Use Pattern
1.3 Rainfall: Rainfall data for Prithvipur, the nearest station to Block Prithvipur for 10 years indicated that the Annual Average Rainfall is 776 mm, with 92 % falling in the monsoon season from June to September. The Coefficient of Variation for the seasonal rainfall was found to be 38.69%. 1.4 Water Bodies: The village has one water body, traditional tank known as Sarsaura Talab built during Chandela era, spread over an area of 2.5 ha. It is used for fishing and for livestock. During Rabi, about 24 local farmers lift water from this tank for irrigating their farms to the extend of 27 ha. It has a catchment of 68 ha.
1.3 Rainfall: Rainfall data for Prithvipur, the nearest station to Block Prithvipur for 10 years indicated that the Annual Average Rainfall is 776 mm, with 92 % falling in the monsoon season from June to September. The Coefficient of Variation for the seasonal rainfall was found to be 38.69%. 1.4 Water Bodies: The village has one water body, traditional tank known as Sarsaura Talab built during Chandela era, spread over an area of 2.5 ha. It is used for fishing and for livestock. During Rabi, about 24 local farmers lift water from this tank for irrigating their farms to the extend of 27 ha. It has a catchment of 68 ha.
2.1 Population: The village has population of 521 (with 85 household) as per follows. 2.2 Housing: The village has 45 Pacca houses, 25 Kaccha houses and 12 Huts.
2.1 Population: The village has population of 521 (with 85 household) as per follows. 2.2 Housing: The village has 45 Pacca houses, 25 Kaccha houses and 12 Huts.
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers
3.1 Occupations: It comprises of 62 agriculturists and 96 of labourers. Nearly 5 of the villag population is engaged in services (salaried jobs). There are 54 artisans in the village.
3.1 Occupations: It comprises of 62 agriculturists and 96 of labourers. Nearly 5 of the villag population is engaged in services (salaried jobs). There are 54 artisans in the village.
Table 5: Crop Production in the Village
Table 5: Crop Production in the Village
Table 6: Yield of Principle Crops
Table 6: Yield of Principle Crops
3.5 Livestock: The village has almost all households rearing livestock. About 13 families rea1 buffaloes, and nearly 62 rear cows. About 35 families owns goat in large numbers. Table 7: Number of Livestock
3.5 Livestock: The village has almost all households rearing livestock. About 13 families rea1 buffaloes, and nearly 62 rear cows. About 35 families owns goat in large numbers. Table 7: Number of Livestock
3.6 Farm Implements: Only 3 of the families owns tractors in the village and 3 families own the power tiller in the village. 6 of the families own seed-cum-fertiliser drill in the village.
3.6 Farm Implements: Only 3 of the families owns tractors in the village and 3 families own the power tiller in the village. 6 of the families own seed-cum-fertiliser drill in the village.
Fig 5: Map showing Sarsaura Talab and its Catchment Area Table 10: Various benefits Derived from the Tank 5.4 Tank Usage: As participants revealed the main usage of the tanks are fish harvesting, cleaning purposes and livestock purposes. There are 14 families in the village who do farming from the month of September to month of May.
Fig 5: Map showing Sarsaura Talab and its Catchment Area Table 10: Various benefits Derived from the Tank 5.4 Tank Usage: As participants revealed the main usage of the tanks are fish harvesting, cleaning purposes and livestock purposes. There are 14 families in the village who do farming from the month of September to month of May.
5.5 Irrigation Benefits: About 12 farmers use water by lifting with their own individual oil engines. About 10 years ago, about 5 farmers used to irrigate their 7 ha of land in this manner. In the last year, 27 ha benefitted for 24 farmers for four months.
5.5 Irrigation Benefits: About 12 farmers use water by lifting with their own individual oil engines. About 10 years ago, about 5 farmers used to irrigate their 7 ha of land in this manner. In the last year, 27 ha benefitted for 24 farmers for four months.
In this part, Baseline Reports of nine Tanks of district Tikamgarh are presented in the following sequences.
In this part, Baseline Reports of nine Tanks of district Tikamgarh are presented in the following sequences.
1.1 Location : Village Alopa (Census Code :456982) is located on Tikamgarh-Chhatarpur road at a distance of 42 km from District Headquarter of Tikamgarh in the North-east direction. Table 1: Land Use Pattern
1.1 Location : Village Alopa (Census Code :456982) is located on Tikamgarh-Chhatarpur road at a distance of 42 km from District Headquarter of Tikamgarh in the North-east direction. Table 1: Land Use Pattern
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field officials The percentage of SC population and ST population is 6 % and 7 % respectively according to Census data of 2011. 1.1 Population: The village has population of 1596 (with 227 household) as per follows
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field officials The percentage of SC population and ST population is 6 % and 7 % respectively according to Census data of 2011. 1.1 Population: The village has population of 1596 (with 227 household) as per follows
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers 3.1 Occupations: It comprises of 1215 agriculturists and 213 of labourers. Nearly 4 of the village population is engaged in services (salaried jobs). There are 30 artisans in the village.
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers 3.1 Occupations: It comprises of 1215 agriculturists and 213 of labourers. Nearly 4 of the village population is engaged in services (salaried jobs). There are 30 artisans in the village.
3.3 Principal Crops: The village has about 230 ha of land water under winter irrigation (Rabi season) belonging to about 285 farmers. In year 2017-18, area under cultivation was 130 ha for 100 farmers. Reportedly, there is no crop grown in the summer season. The village also do not have any perennial crop.
3.3 Principal Crops: The village has about 230 ha of land water under winter irrigation (Rabi season) belonging to about 285 farmers. In year 2017-18, area under cultivation was 130 ha for 100 farmers. Reportedly, there is no crop grown in the summer season. The village also do not have any perennial crop.
3.4 Crop Yields: Normal crop yields of the main crops are presented in the following table, along with the best and the worst yields in normal rainfall years. These are quite below the State average.
3.4 Crop Yields: Normal crop yields of the main crops are presented in the following table, along with the best and the worst yields in normal rainfall years. These are quite below the State average.
4.2 Tank Management Committee: For management of revival work a Tank Management Committee was formed. Currently there are 11 members of TMC including 6 male members and 5 female members. So far the TMC has been active in supervision of silt removal and its application to the farms.
4.2 Tank Management Committee: For management of revival work a Tank Management Committee was formed. Currently there are 11 members of TMC including 6 male members and 5 female members. So far the TMC has been active in supervision of silt removal and its application to the farms.
5.2 Construction: Embankment of the tank is made of stone wall in dry rubble masonry and backfilled with soil. Length of the embankment is 265 m with height of 4 m. The base width of the embankment is 15 m and top width is 6.5 m. The Waste Weir is made up of Cement Concrete. Length of the waste weir is 7 m with height of 1 m. The base width of the waste weir is | m and top width is 1 m. There is no sluice or canal attached with the tank. The tank is located on Latitude: 24°55'16.57"N and Longitude: 79° 8'47.98"E.
5.2 Construction: Embankment of the tank is made of stone wall in dry rubble masonry and backfilled with soil. Length of the embankment is 265 m with height of 4 m. The base width of the embankment is 15 m and top width is 6.5 m. The Waste Weir is made up of Cement Concrete. Length of the waste weir is 7 m with height of 1 m. The base width of the waste weir is | m and top width is 1 m. There is no sluice or canal attached with the tank. The tank is located on Latitude: 24°55'16.57"N and Longitude: 79° 8'47.98"E.
_ Fig 5: Map showing Pathariya Talab and its Catchment Area
_ Fig 5: Map showing Pathariya Talab and its Catchment Area
5.5 Irrigation Benefits: The tank has no sluice or canal, and hence, is not meant for flow irrigation. There are zero farmers in the village who use lifts water from the tank. In the last year, 57 ha benefitted for 92 farmers for four months. This area of 57 Ha area belonging to 92 farmers gets irrigation through recharge to 25 dugwells and 4 borewells.
5.5 Irrigation Benefits: The tank has no sluice or canal, and hence, is not meant for flow irrigation. There are zero farmers in the village who use lifts water from the tank. In the last year, 57 ha benefitted for 92 farmers for four months. This area of 57 Ha area belonging to 92 farmers gets irrigation through recharge to 25 dugwells and 4 borewells.
6. Proposed Revival Measures
6. Proposed Revival Measures
7.1 Economic Benefits: Increased availability of water and improved soil fertility are the most prominent immediate results of the intervention. Increase in production and yields, especially of winter (Rabi) crops, is going to be the most prominent direct outcome of the soil and water conservation measures undertaken in the project under BIWAL.
7.1 Economic Benefits: Increased availability of water and improved soil fertility are the most prominent immediate results of the intervention. Increase in production and yields, especially of winter (Rabi) crops, is going to be the most prominent direct outcome of the soil and water conservation measures undertaken in the project under BIWAL.
1.1 Location: Village Bachhoda Bhata (Census Code: 456716) is located on Tikamgarh-Jhansi road a a distance of 34 km from District Headquarters of Tikamgarh. The village is situated at a distance o 10 km East of Digoda village, which is 23 km from Tikamgadh. Table 1: Land Use Pattern
1.1 Location: Village Bachhoda Bhata (Census Code: 456716) is located on Tikamgarh-Jhansi road a a distance of 34 km from District Headquarters of Tikamgarh. The village is situated at a distance o 10 km East of Digoda village, which is 23 km from Tikamgadh. Table 1: Land Use Pattern
Table 2: Population Data The percentage of SC population and ST population is 22 % and 6 % respectively according to Census data of 2011. 2.1 Population: The village has population of 1216 (with 355 household) as per follows
Table 2: Population Data The percentage of SC population and ST population is 22 % and 6 % respectively according to Census data of 2011. 2.1 Population: The village has population of 1216 (with 355 household) as per follows
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers
3.3 Principal Crops: The village has about 20 ha of land under winter irrigation (Rabi season) belonging to about 100 farmers. In year 2017-18 area under cultivation was 15 ha for 100 farmers. Reportedly, there is no crop grown in the summer season. Reportedly, there is no crop grown in the summer season. The village also do not have any perennial crop.
3.3 Principal Crops: The village has about 20 ha of land under winter irrigation (Rabi season) belonging to about 100 farmers. In year 2017-18 area under cultivation was 15 ha for 100 farmers. Reportedly, there is no crop grown in the summer season. Reportedly, there is no crop grown in the summer season. The village also do not have any perennial crop.
3.4 Crop Yields: Normal crop yields of the main crops are presented in the following table, along with the best and the worst yields in normal rainfall years. These are near the State average.
3.4 Crop Yields: Normal crop yields of the main crops are presented in the following table, along with the best and the worst yields in normal rainfall years. These are near the State average.
3.5 Livestock: Almost all households in the village rear livestock. About 50 families rear buffaloes, 30 rear goats and nearly 50 rear cattle.
3.5 Livestock: Almost all households in the village rear livestock. About 50 families rear buffaloes, 30 rear goats and nearly 50 rear cattle.
3.6 Farm Implements: The village has other productive assets as per the follows. Interestingly, only 10 of farmers own bullock operated fertiliser-seed drill.
3.6 Farm Implements: The village has other productive assets as per the follows. Interestingly, only 10 of farmers own bullock operated fertiliser-seed drill.
4.2 Tank Management Committee: For management of revival work a Tank Management Committee was formed. Currently there are 11 members of TMC including 6 male members and 5 female members. So far the TMC has been active in supervision of silt removal and its application to the farms.
4.2 Tank Management Committee: For management of revival work a Tank Management Committee was formed. Currently there are 11 members of TMC including 6 male members and 5 female members. So far the TMC has been active in supervision of silt removal and its application to the farms.
5.3 Hydrology: Puraniya Tal has a catchment area of 60.8 ha. The submergence area of the tank is 4.3 ha. Depth of the tank has reduced from 4.5 m to 3.5 m over years. Storage capacity of the tank in present is 75250 cum.
5.3 Hydrology: Puraniya Tal has a catchment area of 60.8 ha. The submergence area of the tank is 4.3 ha. Depth of the tank has reduced from 4.5 m to 3.5 m over years. Storage capacity of the tank in present is 75250 cum.
5.4 Tank Usage: As participants discussed tank is mainly used for livestock purposes, cleaning purposes and for fish harvesting. There are 12 families from the village doing fish farming in the tank from the month of July to month of December.
5.4 Tank Usage: As participants discussed tank is mainly used for livestock purposes, cleaning purposes and for fish harvesting. There are 12 families from the village doing fish farming in the tank from the month of July to month of December.
5.5 Irrigation Benefits: The tank has no sluice or canal, and hence, is not meant for flow irrigation. About 10 farmers use water by lifting with their own individual oil engines. About 13 years ago, about 8 farmers used to irrigated their 20 ha of land in this manner. In the last year, 25 ha benefitted for 10 farmers for four months.
5.5 Irrigation Benefits: The tank has no sluice or canal, and hence, is not meant for flow irrigation. About 10 farmers use water by lifting with their own individual oil engines. About 13 years ago, about 8 farmers used to irrigated their 20 ha of land in this manner. In the last year, 25 ha benefitted for 10 farmers for four months.
7. Potential Benefits 7.1 Economic Benefits: Increased availability of water and improved soil fertility are the most prominent immediate results of the intervention. Increase in production and yields, especially of winter (Rabi) crops, is going to be the most prominent direct outcome of the soil and water conservation measures undertaken in the project under BIWAL.
7. Potential Benefits 7.1 Economic Benefits: Increased availability of water and improved soil fertility are the most prominent immediate results of the intervention. Increase in production and yields, especially of winter (Rabi) crops, is going to be the most prominent direct outcome of the soil and water conservation measures undertaken in the project under BIWAL.
1.1 Location: Village Chandera (Census Code :456741) is located on Tikamgarh-Chhatarpur road at a distance of 49 km from District Headquarter of Tikamgarh in North direction. Table 1: Land Use Pattern
1.1 Location: Village Chandera (Census Code :456741) is located on Tikamgarh-Chhatarpur road at a distance of 49 km from District Headquarter of Tikamgarh in North direction. Table 1: Land Use Pattern
Source: Revenue Records, 2011
Source: Revenue Records, 2011
The percentage of SC population and ST population is 24 % and 3 % respectively according to Censu: data of 2011. 2.1 Population: The village has population of 4954 (with 1004 household) as per follows.
The percentage of SC population and ST population is 24 % and 3 % respectively according to Censu: data of 2011. 2.1 Population: The village has population of 4954 (with 1004 household) as per follows.
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers
3.1 Occupations: It comprises of 540 agriculturists and 500 of labourers. Nearly 50 of the village population is engaged in services (salaried jobs). There are 40 artisans in the village.
3.1 Occupations: It comprises of 540 agriculturists and 500 of labourers. Nearly 50 of the village population is engaged in services (salaried jobs). There are 40 artisans in the village.
3.4 Principal Crops: The village has about 120 ha of land water under winter irrigation (Rabi season) belonging to about 195 farmers. Reportedly, there is no crop grown in the summer season. The village also do not have any perennial crop.
3.4 Principal Crops: The village has about 120 ha of land water under winter irrigation (Rabi season) belonging to about 195 farmers. Reportedly, there is no crop grown in the summer season. The village also do not have any perennial crop.
Table 7: Number of Livestock
Table 7: Number of Livestock
3.6 Farm Implements: In the village only 5 families own the thresher. Seed-cum-fertiliser drill is owned by 5 families in the village.
3.6 Farm Implements: In the village only 5 families own the thresher. Seed-cum-fertiliser drill is owned by 5 families in the village.
Table 8: Assets present in the village 4.1 Women’s SHGs: There are five functioning women SHG in the village. These SHG covers tota 60 women in the village.
Table 8: Assets present in the village 4.1 Women’s SHGs: There are five functioning women SHG in the village. These SHG covers tota 60 women in the village.
4.2 Tank Management Committee: For management of revival work a Tank Management Committee was formed. Currently there are 11 members of TMC including 6 male members and 5 female members. So far the TMC has been active in supervision of silt removal and its application to the farms.
4.2 Tank Management Committee: For management of revival work a Tank Management Committee was formed. Currently there are 11 members of TMC including 6 male members and 5 female members. So far the TMC has been active in supervision of silt removal and its application to the farms.
5.3 Hydrology: Jakhnera Talab has a catchment area of 541 ha. The submergence area of the tank is 14 ha. Depth of the tank is reduced from 4 m to 3 m over years. Storage capacity of the tank in present is 420000 cum.
5.3 Hydrology: Jakhnera Talab has a catchment area of 541 ha. The submergence area of the tank is 14 ha. Depth of the tank is reduced from 4 m to 3 m over years. Storage capacity of the tank in present is 420000 cum.
5.5 Irrigation Benefits: The tank has no sluice or canal, and hence, is not meant for flow irrigation. In the last year, 20 ha benefitted for 60 farmers for three months through Lift Irrigation. The area of 200 Ha area belonging to 100 farmers gets irrigation through recharge to 55 dugwells and 12 borewells.
5.5 Irrigation Benefits: The tank has no sluice or canal, and hence, is not meant for flow irrigation. In the last year, 20 ha benefitted for 60 farmers for three months through Lift Irrigation. The area of 200 Ha area belonging to 100 farmers gets irrigation through recharge to 55 dugwells and 12 borewells.
1.1 Location: Village Guna (Census Code :457134) is located on Tikamgarh-Chhatarpur road at a distance of 45 km from District Headquarter of Tikamgarh in North-east direction. Table 1: Land Use Pattern
1.1 Location: Village Guna (Census Code :457134) is located on Tikamgarh-Chhatarpur road at a distance of 45 km from District Headquarter of Tikamgarh in North-east direction. Table 1: Land Use Pattern
1.3 Rainfall: Rainfall data for Baldeogarh, the nearest station to Block Baldeogarh for 33 years indicated that the Annual Average Rainfall is 853.34 mm, with 93% falling in the monsoon season from June to September. The Coefficient of Variation for the seasonal rainfall was found to be 29.81%.
1.3 Rainfall: Rainfall data for Baldeogarh, the nearest station to Block Baldeogarh for 33 years indicated that the Annual Average Rainfall is 853.34 mm, with 93% falling in the monsoon season from June to September. The Coefficient of Variation for the seasonal rainfall was found to be 29.81%.
The percentage of SC population and ST population is 31 % and 5 % respectively according to Census data of 2011. 2.1 Population: The village has population of 5513 (with 1272 household) as per follows.
The percentage of SC population and ST population is 31 % and 5 % respectively according to Census data of 2011. 2.1 Population: The village has population of 5513 (with 1272 household) as per follows.
3.2 Land holding Pattern: Despite constant follow up for landholding data was not provided by village level officials. Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers
3.2 Land holding Pattern: Despite constant follow up for landholding data was not provided by village level officials. Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers
Table 6: Number of Livestock
Table 6: Number of Livestock
Table 7: Assets present in the village
Table 7: Assets present in the village
9.3 Hydrology: Puraniya Talab has a catchment area of 180 ha. The submergence area of the tank is 18.2 ha. Depth of the tank is reduced from 5 m to 4 m over years. Storage capacity of the tank in oresent is 364000 cum. 5.2 Construction: Embankment of the tank is made of stone wall in dry rubble masonry and backfilled with soil. Length of the embankment is 360 m with height of 4.5 m. The base width of the embankment is 30 m and top width is 4 m. The Waste Weir is made up of Cement Concrete. Length of the waste weir is 15 m with height of 1 m. The base width of the waste weir is 9 m and top width is 3 m. There is no sluice or canal attached with the tank. Tank is located on Latitude: 25°4'45.40" N and Longitude: 78°58'47.02" E.
9.3 Hydrology: Puraniya Talab has a catchment area of 180 ha. The submergence area of the tank is 18.2 ha. Depth of the tank is reduced from 5 m to 4 m over years. Storage capacity of the tank in oresent is 364000 cum. 5.2 Construction: Embankment of the tank is made of stone wall in dry rubble masonry and backfilled with soil. Length of the embankment is 360 m with height of 4.5 m. The base width of the embankment is 30 m and top width is 4 m. The Waste Weir is made up of Cement Concrete. Length of the waste weir is 15 m with height of 1 m. The base width of the waste weir is 9 m and top width is 3 m. There is no sluice or canal attached with the tank. Tank is located on Latitude: 25°4'45.40" N and Longitude: 78°58'47.02" E.
5.5 Irrigation Benefits: The tank has no sluice or canal, and hence, is not meant for flow irrigation. There are 60 farmers in the village who use lifts water from the tank. In the last year, 50 ha benefitted for 60 farmers for six months. The area of 60 ha area belonging to 50 farmers gets irrigation through recharge to 30 dugwells and 2 borewells.
5.5 Irrigation Benefits: The tank has no sluice or canal, and hence, is not meant for flow irrigation. There are 60 farmers in the village who use lifts water from the tank. In the last year, 50 ha benefitted for 60 farmers for six months. The area of 60 ha area belonging to 50 farmers gets irrigation through recharge to 30 dugwells and 2 borewells.
1.1 Location: Village Lidhora Naj Tori (Census Code :456990) is located on Tikamgarh-Chhatarpur road at a distance of 55 km from District Headquarter of Tikamgarh. in North-east direction. Table 1: Land Use Pattern
1.1 Location: Village Lidhora Naj Tori (Census Code :456990) is located on Tikamgarh-Chhatarpur road at a distance of 55 km from District Headquarter of Tikamgarh. in North-east direction. Table 1: Land Use Pattern
2.1 Population: The village has population of 1596 (with 227 household) as per follows. 2. Demographics
2.1 Population: The village has population of 1596 (with 227 household) as per follows. 2. Demographics
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers 3.1 Occupations: It comprises of 308 agriculturists and 345 of labourers. Only 4 persons in the village population is engaged in services (salaried jobs). There are 17 artisans in the village.
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers 3.1 Occupations: It comprises of 308 agriculturists and 345 of labourers. Only 4 persons in the village population is engaged in services (salaried jobs). There are 17 artisans in the village.
3.2 Land holding Pattern: Despite constant follow up for landholding data was not provided by village level officials.
3.2 Land holding Pattern: Despite constant follow up for landholding data was not provided by village level officials.
Table 4: Crop Production in the village 3.4 Crop Yields: Normal crop yields of the main crops are presented in the following table, along with the best and the worst yields in normal rainfall years. These are near the State average.
Table 4: Crop Production in the village 3.4 Crop Yields: Normal crop yields of the main crops are presented in the following table, along with the best and the worst yields in normal rainfall years. These are near the State average.
3.5 Livestock: The village has almost all households rearing livestock. About 18 families rear buffaloes, and nearly 92 rear cows. 35 of the families own goat in the village. Table 8: Assets present in the village
3.5 Livestock: The village has almost all households rearing livestock. About 18 families rear buffaloes, and nearly 92 rear cows. 35 of the families own goat in the village. Table 8: Assets present in the village
4.2 Tank Management Committee: For management of revival work a Tank Management Committee was formed. Currently there are 11 members of TMC including 6 male members and 5 female members. So far the TMC has been active in supervision of silt removal and its application to the farms.
4.2 Tank Management Committee: For management of revival work a Tank Management Committee was formed. Currently there are 11 members of TMC including 6 male members and 5 female members. So far the TMC has been active in supervision of silt removal and its application to the farms.
5.2 Construction: Embankment of the tank is made of stone wall in dry rubble masonry and backfilled with soil. Length of the embankment is 515 m with height of 6 m. The base width of the embankment is 30 m and top width is 6 m. The Waste Weir is made up of Cement Concrete. Length of the waste weir is 18 m with height of 1.21 m. The base width of the waste weir is 9.42 m and top width is 1 m. The tank has sluice and canal for attached for irrigation. Tank is located on Latitude: 24°58'25.18" N Longitude: 79°10'28.58" E.
5.2 Construction: Embankment of the tank is made of stone wall in dry rubble masonry and backfilled with soil. Length of the embankment is 515 m with height of 6 m. The base width of the embankment is 30 m and top width is 6 m. The Waste Weir is made up of Cement Concrete. Length of the waste weir is 18 m with height of 1.21 m. The base width of the waste weir is 9.42 m and top width is 1 m. The tank has sluice and canal for attached for irrigation. Tank is located on Latitude: 24°58'25.18" N Longitude: 79°10'28.58" E.
5. Irrigation Benefits: The tank has sluice and canal for irrigation. There are 60 farmers in the village who use lifts water from the tank. In the last year, 60 ha benefitted for 75 farmers for four months. The area of 60 Ha area belonging to 120 farmers gets irrigation through recharge to 45 dugwells and 2 borewells. 5.4 Tank Usage: The tank is mainly used for the purposes of cleaning, livestock and fish harvesting. 4 families in the village do fish farming in the tank from the month of September to month of January.
5. Irrigation Benefits: The tank has sluice and canal for irrigation. There are 60 farmers in the village who use lifts water from the tank. In the last year, 60 ha benefitted for 75 farmers for four months. The area of 60 Ha area belonging to 120 farmers gets irrigation through recharge to 45 dugwells and 2 borewells. 5.4 Tank Usage: The tank is mainly used for the purposes of cleaning, livestock and fish harvesting. 4 families in the village do fish farming in the tank from the month of September to month of January.
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers 2.1 Population: The village has population of 620 (with 110 household) as per follows. The percentage of SC population and ST population is 39 % and 0 % respectively according to Census data of 2011.
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers 2.1 Population: The village has population of 620 (with 110 household) as per follows. The percentage of SC population and ST population is 39 % and 0 % respectively according to Census data of 2011.
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field worker 3.1 Occupations: It comprises of 160 agriculturists and 112 of labourers. Only 4 persons in village population is engaged in services (salaried jobs). There are 25 artisans in the village.
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field worker 3.1 Occupations: It comprises of 160 agriculturists and 112 of labourers. Only 4 persons in village population is engaged in services (salaried jobs). There are 25 artisans in the village.
Table 6: Yield of Principle Crops
Table 6: Yield of Principle Crops
Table 7: Number of Livestock
Table 7: Number of Livestock
Table 8: Assets Present in the Village
Table 8: Assets Present in the Village
Table 9: Functional Self Help groups in the Village
Table 9: Functional Self Help groups in the Village
5.2 Construction: Embankment of the tank is made of stone wall in dry rubble masonry and backfilled with soil. Length of the embankment is 160 m with height of 3.62 m. The base width of the embankment is 24 m and top width is 8 m. The Waste Weir is made up of Cement Concrete. Length of the waste weir is 18 m with height of 4m. The base width of the waste weir is 3 m and top width is 4 m. There is no sluice or canal attached with the tank. The tank is located on Latitude: 25° 5'6.39"N and Longitude: 79° 3'22.73"E.
5.2 Construction: Embankment of the tank is made of stone wall in dry rubble masonry and backfilled with soil. Length of the embankment is 160 m with height of 3.62 m. The base width of the embankment is 24 m and top width is 8 m. The Waste Weir is made up of Cement Concrete. Length of the waste weir is 18 m with height of 4m. The base width of the waste weir is 3 m and top width is 4 m. There is no sluice or canal attached with the tank. The tank is located on Latitude: 25° 5'6.39"N and Longitude: 79° 3'22.73"E.
5.4 Tank Usage: The tank is mainly used for the purposes of cleaning, livestock and fish farming. Two families in the village do fish farming in the tank from the month of July to month of December.
5.4 Tank Usage: The tank is mainly used for the purposes of cleaning, livestock and fish farming. Two families in the village do fish farming in the tank from the month of July to month of December.
5.5 Irrigation Benefits: The tank has no sluice or canal, and hence, is not meant for flow irrigation. There are 5 farmers in the village who use lifts water from the tank. In the last year, 5 ha benefitted for 5 farmers for five months through Lift irrigation. Area of 45 Ha area belonging to 55 farmers gets irrigation through recharge to 35 dugwells and 15 borewells.
5.5 Irrigation Benefits: The tank has no sluice or canal, and hence, is not meant for flow irrigation. There are 5 farmers in the village who use lifts water from the tank. In the last year, 5 ha benefitted for 5 farmers for five months through Lift irrigation. Area of 45 Ha area belonging to 55 farmers gets irrigation through recharge to 35 dugwells and 15 borewells.
6. Proposed Revival Measures
6. Proposed Revival Measures
1.1 Location: Village Rampura urf Nivawari (Census Code:456995) is located on Palera road at a distance of 53 km km from District Headquarter of Tikamgarh in North-east direction. Table 1: Land Use Pattern
1.1 Location: Village Rampura urf Nivawari (Census Code:456995) is located on Palera road at a distance of 53 km km from District Headquarter of Tikamgarh in North-east direction. Table 1: Land Use Pattern
1.3 Rainfall: Rainfall data for Palera, the nearest station to Block Palera for 23 years indicated that the Annual Average Rainfall is 994 mm, with 95% falling in the monsoon season from June to September. Coefficient of Variation for the seasonal rainfall was found to be 36.29%.
1.3 Rainfall: Rainfall data for Palera, the nearest station to Block Palera for 23 years indicated that the Annual Average Rainfall is 994 mm, with 95% falling in the monsoon season from June to September. Coefficient of Variation for the seasonal rainfall was found to be 36.29%.
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers 2.1 Population: The village has population of 2010 (with 335 household) as per follows.
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers 2.1 Population: The village has population of 2010 (with 335 household) as per follows.
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers
3.1 Occupations: It comprises of 250 agriculturists and 350 of labourers. Nearly 10 of the villags population is engaged in services (salaried jobs). There are 60 artisans in the village.
3.1 Occupations: It comprises of 250 agriculturists and 350 of labourers. Nearly 10 of the villags population is engaged in services (salaried jobs). There are 60 artisans in the village.
Table 5: Crop Production in the Village
Table 5: Crop Production in the Village
3.4 Crop Yields: Normal crop yields of the main crops are presented in the following table, along with the best and the worst yields in normal rainfall years. These are near the State average. Table 6: Yield of Principle crops
3.4 Crop Yields: Normal crop yields of the main crops are presented in the following table, along with the best and the worst yields in normal rainfall years. These are near the State average. Table 6: Yield of Principle crops
Table 7: Number of Livestock
Table 7: Number of Livestock
4.2 Tank Management Committee: For management of revival work a Tank Management Committee was formed. Currently there are 11 members of TMC including 6 male members and 5 female members. So far the TMC has been active in supervision of silt removal and its application to the farms.
4.2 Tank Management Committee: For management of revival work a Tank Management Committee was formed. Currently there are 11 members of TMC including 6 male members and 5 female members. So far the TMC has been active in supervision of silt removal and its application to the farms.
.3 Hydrology: Bra Tal has a catchment area of 100 ha. The submergence area of the tank is 2.74 ha. Jepth of the tank has reduced from 5.3 m to 4 m over years. Storage capacity of the tank in present 3 548000 cum.
.3 Hydrology: Bra Tal has a catchment area of 100 ha. The submergence area of the tank is 2.74 ha. Jepth of the tank has reduced from 5.3 m to 4 m over years. Storage capacity of the tank in present 3 548000 cum.
1.1 Location: Village Rampura urf Nivawari (Census Code:456995) is located on Palera road at a distance of 53 km km from District Headquarter of Tikamgarh. in North-east direction. Table 1: Land Use Pattern
1.1 Location: Village Rampura urf Nivawari (Census Code:456995) is located on Palera road at a distance of 53 km km from District Headquarter of Tikamgarh. in North-east direction. Table 1: Land Use Pattern
1.4 Water Bodies: The village has two traditional tanks built during the time of Chandela kings. They are known as Bra tal and Nivawari tal. Bra taal is spread over an area of 2.74 ha and is used for fishing, livestock. During Rabbi , about 110 local farmers lift water from this tank for irrigating their farms to the extend of 85 ha. It has a catchment of 100 ha.
1.4 Water Bodies: The village has two traditional tanks built during the time of Chandela kings. They are known as Bra tal and Nivawari tal. Bra taal is spread over an area of 2.74 ha and is used for fishing, livestock. During Rabbi , about 110 local farmers lift water from this tank for irrigating their farms to the extend of 85 ha. It has a catchment of 100 ha.
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers 2.1 Population: The village has population of 2010 (with 335 household) as per follows.
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers 2.1 Population: The village has population of 2010 (with 335 household) as per follows.
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers Table 4: Landholding Pattern
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers Table 4: Landholding Pattern
3.3 Principal Crops: The village has about 48 ha of land under winter irrigation (Rabi season) belonging to about 56 farmers. Reportedly, there is no crop grown in the summer season.
3.3 Principal Crops: The village has about 48 ha of land under winter irrigation (Rabi season) belonging to about 56 farmers. Reportedly, there is no crop grown in the summer season.
Table 6: Yield of Various Crops
Table 6: Yield of Various Crops
Table 7: Number of Livestock
Table 7: Number of Livestock
3.6 Farm Implements: The village has other productive assets as per the follows. Only 10 of the
3.6 Farm Implements: The village has other productive assets as per the follows. Only 10 of the
4.2 Tank Management Committee: For management of revival work a Tank Management Committee was formed. Currently there are 11 members of TMC including 6 male members and 5 female members. So far the TMC has been active in supervision of silt removal and its application to the farms. 4.1 Women’s SHGs: The village has five Self Help Groups covering 60 women members.
4.2 Tank Management Committee: For management of revival work a Tank Management Committee was formed. Currently there are 11 members of TMC including 6 male members and 5 female members. So far the TMC has been active in supervision of silt removal and its application to the farms. 4.1 Women’s SHGs: The village has five Self Help Groups covering 60 women members.
Fig 5: Map showing Nivawari Tal and its Catchment Area
Fig 5: Map showing Nivawari Tal and its Catchment Area
5.5 Irrigation Benefits: The tank has no sluice or canal, and hence, is not meant for flow irrigation. About 50 farmers use water by lifting with their own individual oil engines. About 13 years ago, about 20 farmers used to irrigate their 26 ha of land in this manner. In the last year, 60 ha benefitted for 50 farmers for four months.
5.5 Irrigation Benefits: The tank has no sluice or canal, and hence, is not meant for flow irrigation. About 50 farmers use water by lifting with their own individual oil engines. About 13 years ago, about 20 farmers used to irrigate their 26 ha of land in this manner. In the last year, 60 ha benefitted for 50 farmers for four months.
1.1 Location: Village Simra Khurd (Census Code:456957) is located on Palera road at a distance of 53 km from District Collectorate of Tikamgarh. Village is situated in north-east direction of district headquarter. Table 1: Land Use Pattern
1.1 Location: Village Simra Khurd (Census Code:456957) is located on Palera road at a distance of 53 km from District Collectorate of Tikamgarh. Village is situated in north-east direction of district headquarter. Table 1: Land Use Pattern
1.3 Rainfall: Rainfall data for Palera, the nearest station to Block Palera for 23 years indicated tha the Annual Average Rainfall is 994 mm, with 95% falling in the monsoon season from June t¢ September. Coefficient of Variation for the seasonal rainfall was found to be 36.29%
1.3 Rainfall: Rainfall data for Palera, the nearest station to Block Palera for 23 years indicated tha the Annual Average Rainfall is 994 mm, with 95% falling in the monsoon season from June t¢ September. Coefficient of Variation for the seasonal rainfall was found to be 36.29%
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers 2.1 Population: The village has population of 2095 (with 347 household) as per follows.
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers 2.1 Population: The village has population of 2095 (with 347 household) as per follows.
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers
Source: Primary Survey conducted by field workers
3.1 Occupations: It comprises of 874 agriculturists and 138 of labourers. Nearly 48 of the village population is engaged in services (salaried jobs). There are 42 artisans in the village.
3.1 Occupations: It comprises of 874 agriculturists and 138 of labourers. Nearly 48 of the village population is engaged in services (salaried jobs). There are 42 artisans in the village.
3.4 Crop Yields: Normal crop yields of the main crops are presented in the following table, along with the best and the worst yields in normal rainfall years. These are quite below the State average.
3.4 Crop Yields: Normal crop yields of the main crops are presented in the following table, along with the best and the worst yields in normal rainfall years. These are quite below the State average.
Table 6: Yield of various crops
Table 6: Yield of various crops
Table 8: Assets Present in the Village
Table 8: Assets Present in the Village
4.2 Tank Management Committee: For management of revival work a Tank Management Committee was formed. Currently there are 11 members of TMC including 6 male members and 5 female members. So far the TMC has been active in supervision of silt removal and its application to the farms.
4.2 Tank Management Committee: For management of revival work a Tank Management Committee was formed. Currently there are 11 members of TMC including 6 male members and 5 female members. So far the TMC has been active in supervision of silt removal and its application to the farms.
4.3 Other Community Institutions: Village has good coverage of community based organisations with working on farmer’s income, education, Dairy production and women awareness covering in total 66 persons from the village. The nearest Multipurpose Cooperative Society is available in village itself. Bank is available in village Bajana at distance of 4 km.
4.3 Other Community Institutions: Village has good coverage of community based organisations with working on farmer’s income, education, Dairy production and women awareness covering in total 66 persons from the village. The nearest Multipurpose Cooperative Society is available in village itself. Bank is available in village Bajana at distance of 4 km.
5.3 Hydrology: Hinni Sagar have catchment area is 373 ha. Submergence area is 11.2 ha. Depth of the tank is reduced from 5 m to 3.5m over years. Present tank storage capacity is reduced to 168000 cum. Water remains in tank between the months of July to March. 5.2 Construction: Embankment of the tank is made of stone wall in dry rubble masonry and backfilled with soil. Length of the embankment is 250 m with height of 2.5 m. Its base width is 13 m and top width of 5 m. Waste Weir is made of Cement Concrete type. The tank has no sluice or canal attached for water distribution. The length of waste weir is 10 m with height of 3 ft. The base width of waste weir is 5 ft and top width is 3 ft. The tank has no sluice or canal for water distribution. Tank is located on Latitude: 25° 2'30.05"N and Longitude: 79° 6'14.56"E
5.3 Hydrology: Hinni Sagar have catchment area is 373 ha. Submergence area is 11.2 ha. Depth of the tank is reduced from 5 m to 3.5m over years. Present tank storage capacity is reduced to 168000 cum. Water remains in tank between the months of July to March. 5.2 Construction: Embankment of the tank is made of stone wall in dry rubble masonry and backfilled with soil. Length of the embankment is 250 m with height of 2.5 m. Its base width is 13 m and top width of 5 m. Waste Weir is made of Cement Concrete type. The tank has no sluice or canal attached for water distribution. The length of waste weir is 10 m with height of 3 ft. The base width of waste weir is 5 ft and top width is 3 ft. The tank has no sluice or canal for water distribution. Tank is located on Latitude: 25° 2'30.05"N and Longitude: 79° 6'14.56"E

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Village Tanks and Community Based Management in Gondia District, Maharashtra State, India
Raghunandan Velankar

2011

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Tank rejuvenation in Karnataka: why it should be a community based approach? IWMI-TATA Water Policy Research Program Annual Partners' Meet, 2002
KV Raju

2002

Contents Background _________________________________________________________1 Existing Institutional Environment_______________________________________4 Need for the Institutional Reform _____________________________________5 Project Design________________________________________________________6 Project Approaches and Strategies _______________________________________8 State's Strategy on Tank Management ___________________________________10 Implementation Arrangements _________________________________________11 Rationale for the SEA Study ___________________________________________12 Methodology _____________________________________________________14 Consultations _______________________________________________________15 Stakeholder Assessment and Social Analysis ______________________________17 Analysis of Alternatives _______________________________________________19 Social and Environmental Impacts ______________________________________24 Mitigation/Enhancement Action Plans ___________________________________27 a) Resettlement Action Plan _________________________________________27 b) Tribal Development Plan _________________________________________30 c) Environmental Management Plan__________________________________32 d) Integrated Pest Management______________________________________36 e) Gender Action Plan______________________________________________38 Table 2 :Distribution of Tanks in Karnataka according to Catchment Area Sl.No Command Area Percentage of Tanks 1 Below 4 hectares 41% 2 4 to 20 hectares 42% 3 20 to 40 hectares 9% 4 40 to 200 hectares 7% 5 Above 200 hectares 1% The Department of Minor Irrigation with its huge army of technical and administrative staff deployed at various levels is not able to properly maintain the tanks attached to it. The reasons attributed for this are many and varied. The Department feels that there is inadequate staff deployment. There is also paucity of funds for undertaking proper maintenance of these structures especially for those managed by the PRIs. There is very little involvement of the actual users in the upkeep and maintenance of the tank systems. The tank management is reckoned as a job of these agencies and involves only the engineering skills. Small tanks with less than 4 ha command area, were always managed by the taluk board. There was hardly any improvement or maintenance of tank system by the Panchayat institution. As of now in the absence of any budgetary provision, the onus responsibility of tanks irrigating less than four hectares is ambiguous. Whether such small tanks are the responsibility of ZP or TP or GP is not clear. Multiple Government agencies like departments of Fisheries, Forestry, Mines & Geology, Revenue, Agriculture and horticulture still have a role in tank systems, in particularly so in the tanks having a command area above four hectares. General Agro-Climatic and Geo-Physical Status of the State: Karnataka State is the eighth largest State in India, both in area and population. The State has an area of 19.18 million ha and is divided into 27 districts. According to 1991 Census, the total population of the state is 44.90 millions. The State accounts for 5.84 percent of total geographical area and 5.32 percent of total population of the country. Majority 965 percent) of the state's population is dependent on agriculture with the total number of holdings accounting to 57.76 lakhs with an average holding of 2.13 ha. The overall population density of Karnataka works out 235 persons per sq.km, while the literacy rate of the State stands at 56.05 percent (1991 Census). Physiographcially, the State can be divided into four regions viz., (i) The Coastal region; (ii) The Malnad (hilly); (iii) The Northern Plains; and (iv) The Southern Plains. The two important river systems of Karnataka are Krishna and its tributaries in the North and Cauvery and its tributaries in the South. A number of smaller rivers flow westward into the Arabian Sea. Of these, Sharavathi, Kalinadi, Netravathi are important as they are being tapped for hydroelectric power. Karnataka State as per Agro-climatic Regional Planning by Planning Commission, Government of India, falls in the Zone X (Southern Plateau and Hills Region with 15 districts). Further, Karnataka has been divided into 10 agro-climatic zones based on climate, topography, soils and vegetation. The State has varying climatic conditions. Generally tropical and subtropical weather conditions can be observed. The normal rainfall in the State is 1139 mm, most of which is received during southwest monsoon

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Economic impact of tank rehabilitation in rainfed region of India
Dharam Raj Singh

The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences

The present investigation measures economic impact of tanks restoration on productivity and income of 240 farm households in rainfed region of India. The detailed information was collected with designed questionnaire for the period 2017–18 from farm households using tank irrigation in two districts in the state of Andhra Pradesh. Propensity score matching technique was employed to assess the impact of tank rehabilitation. Findings revealed that restoration of tanks leads to an improvement in production and livelihood of tank water users in the study area. Yield and income of rice crop is increased by a magnitude of 0.54–0.62 tonne/ha and ₹6045/ha to ₹8278/ha respectively. Study suggests that to achieve food security and to mitigate the scarcity of water, restoration of tanks is inevitable for rainfed regions. Further, recasting such protocols and replicating similar models to other regions not only enhance the sustainable agricultural production but also improve livelihoods of milli...

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Restoration And Preservation of Traditional Water Resources: A Study of Uttarakhand
Meenu Sharma

West science social and humanities studies , 2023

The essence of all life is water. Without water, nothing on our planet can grow. Traditional water resources, which were once the lifeblood of the Himalayan population, are disappearing alarmingly in Himalayan areas of Uttarakhand. In these steep regions of Uttarakhand, life cannot advance in the correct path without these natural water sources. Traditional water resources provided for many kinds of daily requirements, including drinking, cooking, cleaning, irrigation, and caring for animals. Water is becoming more scarce everywhere in the world, even in the Himalayan region. In an effort to prevent future generations from facing a shortage of potable water, efforts should be made to protect these ancient natural water sources.

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Towards a strategy for rehabilitation and development of irrigation systems in the Batticaloa district, Sri Lanka : a concept paper
Nadarajah Shanmugaratnam

33, 1995

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The economic and ecological impacts of tank restoration in South India
Bhagirath Behera

European Journal of Development Research, 2009

Using 'before and after' and 'with and without' methods, this paper assesses the economic and ecological impacts of tank restoration in three villages in Andhra Pradesh, India. This study finds positive impacts of tank restoration on economic and ecological indicators that unequivocally support the rationale for tank restoration in the drought-prone regions. Moreover, the impact is greater in the case of small and marginal farmers when compared with large farmers, indicating a positive effect/influence on poverty. This study also documents the improvements of the groundwater table in the programme villages and the resultant increase in rabi (the second crop in the agricultural season (December-April)) crop acreage and yield rates. Availability of fodder (ecological impact) has strengthened the livestock economy of the programme villages. The economic and ecological impacts of the programme are significant in the case of tanks restored before 1995-1996, indicating the sustainability of the programme.

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Balancing on Water: Managing Water Resources of India for People and the Environment [PDF, 199KB]
Kuntala Lahiri-Dutt
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RESTORATION AND PRESERVATION OF TRADITIONAL WATER SOURCES IN UTTARAKHAND
DR. GOPAL SINGH GAUNIYA

Water is the soul of living beings. Nothing on this earth can flourish without water. In the Himalayan regions of Uttarakhand, traditional water sources, which were once the lifeline of the Himalayan population are depleting at an alarming rate. Without these natural water sources; life cannot progress in the right direction in these hilly areas of Uttarakhand. Traditional water sources used to cater for drinking, cooking, washing, irrigation, animals and all other sorts of daily needs. Scarcity of water is increasing all over the world including the Himalayan region. Attempts should be made to safeguard these age-old natural water sources so that our forthcoming generations do not have to struggle for potable water in the near future.

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