All optical switching in semiconductor microresonators based on pattern selection

Optics Express, 2009

We demonstrate the suitability of microcavities based on circular grating resonators (CGRs) as fast switches. This type of optical resonator is characterized by a high quality factor and very small mode volume. The waveguide-coupled CGRs are fabricated with silicon-on-insulator technology compatible with standard complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) processing. The linear optical properties of the CGRs are investigated by transmission spectroscopy. From 3D finite-difference time-domain simulations of isolated CGRs, we identify the measured resonances. We probe the spatial distribution and the parasitic losses of a resonant optical mode with scanning near-field optical microscopy. We observe fast all-optical switching within a few picoseconds by optically generating free charge carriers within the cavity. , "Highly selective etch process for silicon-on-insulator nanodevices," Microelectron. Eng. 78-79, 212-217 (2005). 23. S. Götzinger, S. Demmerer, O. Benson, and V. Sandoghdar, "Mapping and manipulating whispering-gallery modes of a microsphere resonator with a near-

Key Engineering Materials, 2004

In the last years much effort has been taken to arrive at optical integrated circuits with high complexity and advanced functionality. For this aim high index contrast structures are employed resulting in photonic wires in conventional index guiding waveguides or in photonic bandgap structures. In both cases the number of functional elements within a given chip area can be enhanced by several orders of magnitude: VLSI photonics. In this talk optical microresonators are presented as promising basic building blocks for filtering, amplification, modulation, switching and sensing. Active functions can be obtained by monolithic integration or a hybrid approach using materials with thermo-, electro- and opto-optic properties and materials with optical gain. Examples are mainly taken from work at MESA+.

2004

Optical ring resonators are commonly discussed on the basis of a frequency-domain model, that divides a resonator into coupler elements, ring cavity segments, and the straight port waveguides. We look at the assumptions underlying this model and at its implications, including remarks on reciprocity/symmetry arguments, the general power transfer characteristics, the resonance condition, the spectral distance and width of the resonances, the quantities that describe the resonator performance, and a few remarks about tuning. A survey of bend mode properties and a coupler description in terms of coupled mode theory fills the abstract notions of the model. As an example for devices that rely on a standing wave principle, in contrast to the traveling waves found in the microrings, we consider in less detail microresonators with square or rectangular cavity shapes. Also here a frequency domain coupled mode theory can be applied that opens up simple possibilities to characterize resonant configurations.

Contemporary Developments in High-Frequency Photonic Devices, 2019

The realization of all-optical polarization switch and all-optical logic gates based on polarization-conversion on single silicon micro-ring resonator (MRR) is demonstrated. By adjusting the mode state of the input source as well as the pump light, the all-optical polarization switch, and hence, all-optical NOT, OR/NOR. AND-NAND logic gates are realized. The design is ultra-compact, ultrafast, and less optical power is required for all-optical polarization-conversion-based switch and logic gates, respectively. The MRR also shows outstanding performance as its Q (quality) factor is very high. The design is robust, simple, stable, easy-to-fabricate, and silicon-on-insulator (SOI) compatible. The structure is compatible for interconnects and capable for integrating in electronics as well as in plasmonics circuits.

Applied Physics B-lasers and Optics, 2005

In the last years much effort has been taken to arrive at optical integrated circuits with high complexity and advanced functionality. For this aim high index contrast structures are employed that allow for a large number of functional elements within a given chip area: VLSI photonics. It is shown that optical microresonators can be considered as promising basic building blocks for filtering, amplification, modulation, switching and sensing. Active functions can be obtained by monolithic integration or a hybrid approach using materials with thermo-, electro- and opto-optic properties and materials with optical gain. Examples are mainly taken from work at MESA+.

physica status solidi (RRL) - Rapid Research Letters, 2009

Advanced Materials Research, 2011

In near future, silicon-on-insulator (SOI) microring resonator are expected to be basic components for wavelength filtering and switching due to their compact size and wide free spectral range (FSR). In this paper, a 2X2 optical switch by using active microring resonator is proposed. The switch is consists of second order serially cascaded microring coupled to a pair of waveguide. The ON/OFF state of the design is control by electric signal which will vary the refractive index. The device is design to operate at 1.55µm wavelength. With a 500nm x 200nm rib dimensions, the design is proven to have single mode behaviour. Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) method simulation by RSOFT software is use to characterize the device performance. The results show that the 2X2 optical switch proposed can be an efficient device to be functioning in WDM application.

Soviet Journal of Quantum Electronics, 1992

An analysis is made of the feasibility of using two identical nonlinear Fabry-Perot resonators, coupled weakly by a shared electromagnetic field, as all-optical logic elements of optical computers. The functional capabilities of such resonators are identical with the capabilities of known devices, but the replacement of an electrical feedback mechanism with an electromagnetic one should make it possible to increase considerably the switching frequency.

Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics/International Quantum Electronics Conference and Photonic Applications Systems Technologies, 2004

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Journal of Modern Optics, 2005

IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 2003

Optics Letters, 1996

We investigate the properties of a tunable single-mode waveguide microcavity that is well suited for frequency modulation and switching. The cavity mode has a volume of less than one cubic half-wavelength, and the resonant frequency is tuned by refractive-index modulation. We suggest using a photorefractive effect to drive the device, based on the photoionization of deep donor levels known as DX centers in compound semiconductors. Picosecond on-off switching times are achievable when two of these cavities are placed in series. The resulting switch has the advantages of being compact and requiring as little as 10 pJ of energy of operate.

An all-optical switch based on nonlinear ring resonator in a photonic crystal is proposed in this paper. The size of the structure proposed is 18a× 18a, where a=0.609 μm is the lattice constant of the device. Graphene is used as the nonlinear material and wave absorbing material. The optical switch has been investigated by finite difference-time domain (FDTD). In order to reduce the scattering and improve the coupling efficiency, four scattering rods and six coupling rods are set as composite layers with graphene material inside the ring resonator, respectively. The all-optical switch shows excellent performance for having short switching time and desirable contrast ratio, which are 10.43 ps and 36.8 dB, respectively. The structure and its analyses The whole device is based on a 2-port ring resonator, as presented in Fig.1. Signal inputs from port A and outputs from port B for optical switch.

Optics Express, 2016

Journal of the Optical Society of America B, 2004

Sequences of optical microresonators can be used to construct densely integrated structures that display slow group velocity, ultrahigh or low dispersion of controllable sign, enhanced self-phase modulation, and nonlinear optical switching. We consider four archetypal geometries consisting of effectively one-dimensional sequences of coupled microresonators. Two of these cases exhibit distributed feedback such as is found in a traditional multilayered structure supporting photonic bandgaps. The other two exhibit localized feedback and resonant enhancement but are free from photonic bandgaps. All of these structures offer unique properties useful for controlling the propagation of light pulses on a chip.