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2018, International Journal of Control Automation and Systems
This paper proposes a novel finite dimensional discrete-time Nonlinear Model Predictive Control. This technique is based on discrete-time state-space models, Taylor series expansion for prediction and performance index optimization. Furthermore, the technique extends the concept of the Lie derivative for the discrete time case using Euler backwards method. The performance validation for the discrete-time Nonlinear Model Predictive Control uses the simulation of a single-link flexible joint robot and the inverted pendulum. Comparison of the proposed finite dimensional discrete-time Nonlinear Model Predictive Control technique with Feedback Linearization Control is also discussed. Analytical and numerical results show excellent performances for both, the single-link flexible joint and inverted pendulum controllers using the proposed discrete-time Nonlinear Model Predictive Control technique.
This paper presents a possible way to control the a very fast nonlinear systems. The system of the inverted pendulum was chosen as an exemplar process. This is an example of the nonlinear single-input multi-output process with a sampling period in order of milliseconds. The state-space predictive control was chosen as a control method and the system is described by CARIMA model. The whole process of the controller design is described in this paper. That includes a description of the inverted pendulum nonlinear mathematical model and its linearization, the inference of the output values prediction and the control signal calculation. The control signal is calculated by predictor-corrector method. The results compare several optimization methods to achieve the fastest calculation of the control signal. All of the simulation was done in Matlab.
Journal of Low Frequency Noise, Vibration and Active Control, 2014
A finite element based model predictive controller (FEMPC) is developed and practically implemented for attenuating in-plane vibration of a two flexible link planar manipulator. This FEMPC structure is based on that used in dynamic matrix control (DMC), with the exception that a finite element (FE) model replaces how the predictions are formulated. A linear FE model is developed for each individual link, which is used with the current measured strain and control actions, to predict the response of each link. These predictions are carried out at each time step to address the geometric non-linearities associated with the orientation of the second link and those associated with friction, backlash and compliance of the geared motors. Furthermore, the use of FE modelling enables the control structure to be formulated based on known properties of the system, eliminating the need for open loop testing. The resulting FEMPC scheme is shown to outperform DMC and is capable of providing substantial attenuation of vibration, reducing the mean amplitude of dominant vibration by 92.5% and 15.6%, for the first and second links, respectively.
Springer eBooks, 2013
This paper presents the development of a generalized predictive controller applied to a flexible single-link manipulator robot to compare to a fuzzy supervisory controller in input tracking and end-point vibration suppression. A dynamic model of the flexible manipulator is derived using finite elements method and Lagrange's equations to determine dynamics behavior. A generalized predictive controller is then developed and introduced in the system closed-loop to minimize end-point residual vibrations. A fuzzy supervisory controller is also synthesized to compare simulation results between the two methods of control in terms of input tracking and disturbance rejection.
Emerging Science Journal, 2019
This paper experimentally controls a flexible joint via explicit model predictive control (Explicit MPC) method. The scheme divides the state space into different partitions, then solves the associated multi parametric optimization in off-line computations. The result stores in a look-up table to be used in on-line algorithm. First, the state space equations of the flexible joint are derived and linearized around the working point. Then, in order to meet the plant’s specifications, desired performance and the limitation of processor/memory, the constraints, weights, sampling time and prediction horizon are determined for the system. Finally, the algorithm is applied on the experimental plant. Numerous simulations, the result of the experiment and comparison with other methods confirmed that the method was able to control the vibrations of the constrained flexible joint.
arXiv (Cornell University), 2022
Modern Lightweight robots are constructed to be collaborative, which often results in a low structural stiffness compared to conventional rigid robots. Therefore, the controller must be able to handle the dynamic oscillatory effect mainly due to the intrinsic joint elasticity. Singular perturbation theory makes it possible to decompose the flexible joint dynamics into fast and slow subsystems. This model separation provides additional features to incorporate future knowledge of the jointlevel dynamical behavior within the controller design using the Model Predictive Control (MPC) technique. In this study, different architectures are considered that combine the method of Singular Perturbation and MPC. For Singular Perturbation, the parameters that influence the validity of using this technique to control a flexible-joint robot are investigated. Furthermore, limits on the input constraints for the future trajectory are considered with MPC. The position control performance and robustness against external forces of each architecture are validated experimentally for a flexible joint robot.
2010
Résumé/Abstract In order to develop an efficient and, fast position control for robotic manipulators, vibration phenomena have to be taken into account. Vibrations are mainly caused by the flexibility of manipulator linkages, especially when dealing with high-speed and lightweight robots. In this paper, a constrained model-based predictive control is employed for controlling both position and vibrations in a mechanism with high link flexibility.
ArXiv, 2019
This paper introduces an indirect adaptive fuzzy model predictive control strategy for a nonlinear rotational inverted pendulum with model uncertainties. In the first stage, a nonlinear prediction model is provided based on the fuzzy sets, and the model parameters are tuned through the adaption rules. In the second stage, the model predictive controller is designed based on the predicted inputs and outputs of the system. The control objective is to track the desired outputs with minimum error and to maintain closed-loop stability based on the Lyapunov theorem. Combining the adaptive Mamdani fuzzy model with the model predictive control method is proposed for the first time for the nonlinear inverted pendulum. Moreover, the proposed approach considers the disturbances predictions as part of the system inputs which have not been considered in the previous related works. Thus, more accurate predictions resistant to the parameters variations enhance the system performance using the prop...
International Journal of Automation and Control, 2011
This paper introduces a rotary double inverted pendulum (RDIP) systems. The model is derived by using Euler-Lagrange. Linear quadratic regulator (LQR) controller is applied as the main controller to stabilise the rotary double. However, LQR alone cannot control RDIP efficiently because the plant derived in linear model is not exact model of the real plant. Practically, controller design aiming to guarantee robustness has to consider these uncertainties. In this paper, neural network predictive control is proposed to improve control performance of the conventional LQR controller. Results on control techniques from computer simulation are evaluated and compared.
ECP 2023
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
2001
The paper discusses predictive control algorithms in the context of applications to robotics and manufacturing systems. Special features of such systems, as compared to traditional process control applications, require that the algorithms are capable of dealing with faster dynamics, more significant unstabilities and more significant contribution of non-linearities to the system performance. The paper presents the general framework for state-space design of predictive algorithms. Linear algorithms are introduced first, then, the attention moves to non-linear systems. Methods of predictive control are presented which are based on the state-dependent state space system description. Those are illustrated on examples of rather difficult mechanical systems.
Electronics
It is widely recognized that a hands-on laboratory experience is useful in control engineering education. Herein, the students overcome the main gaps between theoretical knowledge and experimental setups. Nowadays, in times of crisis due to the COVID-19 pandemic, virtual and remote laboratories are emerging as primary educational resources. However, in virtual labs, the students are not exposed to real life issues (i.e., equipment problems, noise, etc.) while in remote labs, communication and connectivity problems arise (i.e., network security, synchronization management, internet speed, etc.). Henceforth, this work presents an unpublished educational project named Lab-Tec@Home, and the aim of this research is to expand the access of hands-on control education at the undergraduate level. Here, students easily assemble a cost-effective laboratory kit at home and use it on their own computing devices connected with the external MATLAB/SimulinkTM application. Thus, students can test an...
IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters
2004
This paper is devoted to the control of under-actuated mechanical systems. The Lagrange dynamics of such systems are nonlinear, and they have fewer actuators than the degrees of freedom. Another key feature of these systems include nonlinear coupling between the actuated and the unactuated degrees of freedom, non holonomic constraints, and non minimum phase zero dynamic. We discuss a low dimension nonlinear predictive based control approach for stabilization and limit cycle generation. The stability issue is discussed using a graphical tool, it's the Poincaré's section that enables the investigation and analysis of the overall scheme stability. The proposed scheme is tested through simulation on the ECP 505 inverted pendulum. The robustness of the proposed controller is tested in two cases, namely towards parameter uncertainties, and towards external disturbances.
Robot Manipulators, 2008
ECMS 2008 Proceedings edited by: L. S. Louca, Y. Chrysanthou, Z. Oplatkova, K. Al-Begain, 2008
The paper is focused on creating a model of Inverted pendulum system and subsequent usage of this model to design a predictive controller of inverted pendulum system. The model is obtained on base of mathematical physical analysis of the system. Unknown parameters of the model are obtained from real-time experiments on the PS600 Inverted pendulum system. The model is designed in MATLAB/Simulink environment. The model was created with respect to most nonlinearities contained in the system. Nonlinearities are caused by fundamental principles of the system and by friction between individual parts of the system. Thus, the model is highly non-linear and therefore linearization around working point was performed and continuous linearized model was calculated as well as its discrete version. The discrete linear model was used to design predictive controller which was also verified by real time experiments.
Mechatronics, 2007
This article presents a new application of model-based predictive controller (MPC) for vibration suppression of a flexible one-link manipulator using piezoceramic actuators. Simulation and experimental studies were conducted to investigate the applicability of the MPC strategy to control vibration of the flexible structure having multiple inputs and multiple outputs (MIMO). The performance of the proposed technique was assessed in terms of level of vibration reduction. The results demonstrated that the proposed predictive control strategy is well suited for multivariable control of vibration suppression on flexible structures.
2010
Abstract Vibration suppression in flexible link manipulator is a recurring problem in most robotic applications. Solving this problem would allow to increase many times both the operative speed and the accuracy of manipulators. In this paper an innovative controller for flexible-links mechanism based on MPC (Model Predictive Control) with constraints is proposed.
IFAC Proceedings Volumes, 1990
To simulate the motion of a manipulator. one must make use of a model of real robot dynamics, where the robot dynamics is usually given by the Newton-Euler equations. A reliable model of a robot is essential not only for simulation purposes but also to let the designer to develop better control algorithms. In literature. the models usually used are given by state-equations; the basic disadvantage of using these models is that they create cumulative errors in simulation. In this study. a new method is proposed which determines the error between the discrete. linear. time-variant model and the real robot dynamics over torques. This error dynamic whi ch possess a predictive character produced very efficient results in obtaining error-free model of a robot.
Proceedings of the 2001 IEEE International Conference on Control Applications (CCA'01) (Cat. No.01CH37204), 2001
The paper presents an efficient control algorithm applied on a two-link robot manipulator with input constraints. The algorithm proposes a sub optimal solution to the predictive control problem with infinite prediction horizon, by mean of interpolations between the unconstrained optimal solution and other constrained solutions. The control strategy is based on inserting the predictive controller in an adaptive perturbation scheme. The efficiency of the proposed strategy is shown by simulation.
Optimal Control Applications and Methods, 2020
This work presents a multivariable predictive controller applied on a redundant robotic manipulator with three degrees of freedom. The article focuses on the design of a discrete model-based predictive controller (DMPC) using the Laguerre function as a control effort weighting method to enhance the solution of Hildreth's quadratic programming and to minimize the trade-off problem in constrained case. The Laguerre functions are used to simplify and enhance the control horizon effect through parsimonious control trajectory, thus reducing the computational load required to find the optimal control solution. Furthermore, these results can be confirmed by simulations and experimental tests on the manipulator and comparing it to the traditional DMPC approach and the discrete linear quadratic regulator.
2015
A model predictive control method for nonlinear systems is presented resulting from a new sliding manifold definition. The sliding-mode control with new manifold drives dynamics of a given nonlinear system to a stable sliding surface faster compared to standard counterparts. The new manifold definition is further exploited for a straightforward derivation of discrete time predictive controller with on-line optimization in dynamics of both deterministic and stochastic components. Simulation results for a second order nonlinear system show that new predictive controller leads to more successful tracking of a given target trajectory compared to conventional sliding-mode controller for the system studied with suitably determined realtime operational conditions such as time and control update terms.
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